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A New Approach to Determine Feasible Operating Region of Unbalanced Distribution Networks With Distributed Photovoltaics

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IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 2025年第3期40卷 1493-1504页

作者： Prasad, Manorath Rather, Zakir Hussain Razzaghi, Reza Doolla, Suryanarayana Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Department of Energy Science and Engineering Mumbai400076 India Monash University Department of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering MelbourneVIC3800 Australia

Amidst rising distributed generation and its potential role in grid management, this article presents a new realistic approach to determine the operational space and flexibility potential of an unbalanced active distribution network. The feasible operating region of an active distribution network is constituted by its range of active-reactive power exchanges with the bulk power system without breaching network constraints. This study explores the potential of highly penetrated single- and three-phase distributed photovoltaics and voltage-sensitive loads to determine the feasible operating region at different operating points. The cumulative response of Volt-Var controlled distributed photovoltaics and voltage-sensitive loads determines the power flow at the bulk power system-active distribution network interconnection, ensuring feasibility with respect to voltage magnitude and unbalance constraints. Further, the correspondence of feasible operating region with the tap-settings of substation transformer enables a novel feature to traverse throughout the available operating region and facilitate bulk power system-active distribution network power coordination. Additionally, a nodal sensitivity-based adjustable Volt-Var control scheme is proposed for distributed photovoltaics, improving the feasible operating region. The proposed strategy is validated on bulk power system-active distribution network integrated test system. Bulk power system: IEEE-9 bus system – Active distribution network: (highly unbalanced IEEE-13 bus distribution system (medium voltage) + modified CIGRE low voltage system). © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Power distribution networks

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Transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative games

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2023年第1期66卷 97-114页

作者： Peiyun ZHANG Chenxi LI Mengchu ZHOU Wenjun HUANG Abdullah ABUSORRAH Omaimah O.BAMASAG Engineering Research Center of Digital Forensics of Ministry of Education School of Computer and SoftwareNanjing University of Information Science and Technology School of Computer and Information Anhui Normal University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering New Jersey Institute of Technology Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy and Power Systems Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation CenterKing Abdulaziz University Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information Technology Center of Excellence in Smart Environment Research King Abdulaziz University

In blockchain networks, transactions can be transmitted through channels. The existing transmission methods depend on their routing information. If a node randomly chooses a channel to transmit a transaction, the transmission may be aborted due to insufficient funds(also called balance) or a low transmission rate. To increase the success rate and reduce transmission delay across all transactions, this work proposes a transaction transmission model for blockchain channels based on non-cooperative game *** balance, channel states, and transmission probability are fully considered. This work then presents an optimized channel transaction transmission algorithm. First, channel balances are analyzed and suitable channels are selected if their balance is sufficient. Second, a Nash equilibrium point is found by using an iterative sub-gradient method and its related channels are then used to transmit transactions. The proposed method is compared with two state-of-the-art approaches: Silent Whispers and Speedy Murmurs. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves transmission success rate, reduces transmission delay,and effectively decreases transmission overhead in comparison with its two competitive peers.

关键词： Blockchain channel transaction transmission channel balance channel state channel transmission probability non-cooperative game

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Jamming Attack Mitigation in Wireless Federated Learning Networks Using Bayesian Games

IEEE Networking Letters

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IEEE Networking Letters 2024年第4期6卷 247-251页

作者： Barkatsa, Sofia Diamanti, Maria Charatsaris, Panagiotis Tsiropoulou, Eirini Eleni Papavassiliou, Symeon Institute of Communication and Computer Systems School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Zografou15780 Greece University of New Mexico Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering AlbuquerqueNM87131 United States

Federated Learning (FL), an emerging distributed Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique, is susceptible to jamming attacks during the wireless transmission of trained models. In this letter, we introduce a jamming attack mitigation mechanism for the uplink of wireless FL networks using the power-domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technique. The problem of transmission power allocation for all clients (legitimate and malicious) is formulated and solved distributively as a Bayesian game with incomplete information. The clients aim to successfully transmit their model parameters, minimizing transmission time and consumed power, while having probabilistic knowledge about the malicious behavior of the other clients in the game. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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Full-model-free Adaptive Graph Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Model for Multi-terminal Soft Open Point Voltage Control in Distribution systems

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Journal of Modern Power systems and Clean Energy 2024年第6期12卷 1893-1904页

作者： Huayi Wu Zhao Xu Minghao Wang Youwei Jia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Shenzhen Research Institute The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityShenzhenChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of MacaoMacaoChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhenChina

High penetration of renewable energy sources(RESs)induces sharply-fluctuating feeder power,leading to volt-age deviation in active distribution *** prevent voltage violations,multi-terminal soft open points(M-sOPs)have been integrated into the distribution systems to enhance voltage con-trol ***,the M-SOP voltage control recalculated in real time cannot adapt to the rapid fluctuations of photovol-taic(PV)power,fundamentally limiting the voltage controllabili-ty of *** address this issue,a full-model-free adaptive graph deep deterministic policy gradient(FAG-DDPG)model is proposed for M-SOP voltage ***,the attention-based adaptive graph convolutional network(AGCN)is lever-aged to extract the complex correlation features of nodal infor-mation to improve the policy learning ***,the AGCN-based surrogate model is trained to replace the power flow cal-culation to achieve model-free ***,the deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG)algorithm allows FAG-DDPG model to learn an optimal control strategy of M-SOP by continuous interactions with the AGCN-based surrogate *** tests have been performed on modified IEEE 33-node,123-node,and a real 76-node distribution systems,which demonstrate the effectiveness and generalization ability of the proposed FAG-DDPGmodel.

关键词： Soft open point graph attention graph convolutional network reinforcement learning voltage control distribution system deep deterministic policy gradient

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Resolution-aware beam scanning for joint detection and communication in ISAC systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 250-266页

作者： Yiming XU Dongfang XU Zhanyuan XIE Zheng JIANG Shenghui SONG Derrick Wing Kwan NG Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology China Telecom Research Institute School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales

Beam scanning for joint detection and communication in integrated sensing and communication(ISAC) systems plays a critical role in continuous monitoring and rapid adaptation to dynamic environments. However, the design of sequential scanning beams for target detection with the required sensing resolution has not been tackled in the *** bridge this gap, this paper introduces a resolution-aware beam scanning design. In particular, the transmit information beamformer, the covariance matrix of the dedicated radar signal, and the receive beamformer are jointly optimized to maximize the average sum rate of the system while satisfying the sensing resolution and detection probability requirements.A block coordinate descent(BCD)-based optimization framework is developed to address the non-convex design problem. By exploiting successive convex approximation(SCA), S-procedure, and semidefinite relaxation(SDR), the proposed algorithm is guaranteed to converge to a stationary solution with polynomial time complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed design can efficiently handle the stringent detection requirement and outperform existing antenna-activation-based methods in the literature by exploiting the full degrees of freedom(DoFs) brought by all antennas.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) detection beam scanning resolution beamwidth

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Beamforming and Reflection Design for Short Packet ISAC With Non-Ideal RIS: An A3C-Based Approach

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8379-8384页

作者： Mahmoudi, Behrad Khonsari, Ahmad Zeinali, Farshad Mili, Mohammad Robat Mashhadi, Mahdi Boloursaz Xiao, Pei University of Tehran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tehran Iran University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering Tehran Iran School of Computer Science in the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences Tehran Iran United Kingdom Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions Tehran Iran

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) is a promising solution to mitigate the increasing congestion of the wireless spectrum. In this paper, we investigate the short packet communication regime within an ISAC system assisted by a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to meet the low latency ultra-reliable requirements in the next-generation wireless networks. We consider a non-ideal RIS model that captures effects of the phase-dependent amplitude variations in the reflection coefficients, and we have incorporated the near-field model into the channels between the RIS and the users or targets. In this setup, we jointly design the transmit beamforming and the RIS phase shifts to maximize the sum rate while satisfying the sensing signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirement. The system simultaneously carries out multitarget sensing and multi-user short packet communications with the help of the RIS. Considering the non-convex and dynamic nature of the resulting optimization problem, we propose an asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) based method for beamforming and reflection design in this setup. Numerical results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme over the benchmarks. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Beamforming

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Cavity-agnostic acoustofluidic manipulations enabled by guided flexural waves on a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第2期10卷 153-171页

作者： Philippe Vachon Srinivas Merugu Jaibir Sharma Amit Lal Eldwin J.Ng Yul Koh Joshua E.-Y.Lee Chengkuo Lee Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore Institute of Microelectronics Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)SingaporeSingapore SonicMEMS Laboratory School of Electrical and Computer EngineeringCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology SydneyUltimoNSWAustralia

This article presents an in-depth exploration of the acoustofluidic capabilities of guided flexural waves(GFWs)generated by a membrane acoustic waveguide actuator(MAWA).By harnessing the potential of GFWs,cavity-agnostic advanced particle manipulation functions are achieved,unlocking new avenues for microfluidic systems and lab-on-a-chip *** localized acoustofluidic effects of GFWs arising from the evanescent nature of the acoustic fields they induce inside a liquid medium are numerically investigated to highlight their unique and promising *** traditional acoustofluidic technologies,the GFWs propagating on the MAWA’s membrane waveguide allow for cavity-agnostic particle manipulation,irrespective of the resonant properties of the fluidic ***,the acoustofluidic functions enabled by the device depend on the flexural mode populating the active region of the membrane *** demonstrations using two types of particles include in-sessile-droplet particle transport,mixing,and spatial separation based on particle diameter,along with streaming-induced counter-flow virtual channel generation in microfluidic PDMS *** experiments emphasize the versatility and potential applications of the MAWA as a microfluidic platform targeted at lab-on-a-chip development and showcase the MAWA’s compatibility with existing microfluidic systems.

关键词： waveguide fluid cavity

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Layer-Wise Speed-of-Sound Estimation and Beamforming of Segmented Media

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IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control 2025年第6期72卷 732-743页

作者： La Torre, Pat De Xiao, Di Yu, Alfred C. H. Schlegel Research Institute for Aging and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo ON Canada

Speed-of-sound (SoS) is a fundamental acoustic property of tissues that is essential for ultrasound image beamforming. The SoS can also act as a quantitative biomarker for pathology in tissue. Typically, the beamforming SoS is assumed to be 1540 m/s for human imaging, but it may be imprecise for imaging scenarios with inhomogeneous tissue. In this work, we present a novel framework for multi-layer SoS estimation and propose a SoS-aware (SoSA) beamformer to realize high-quality ultrasound imaging. Our framework consists of three core steps: segmentation of the media layers, sequential estimation of each layer’s SoS assuming intra-layer homogeneity, and SoSA beamforming based on the estimated SoS map. We validated our algorithm in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo in comparison to through-transmission SoS measurements. Across 126 stacked agar phantom experiments (pairwise combinations of six staircase phantoms with different SoS values), the average SoS estimation error of our framework was 4.9 m/s over the top layers and 1.6 m/s over bottom layers. In nine stacked bovine and porcine sample experiments, we achieved an average error of 2.7 m/s with improved point target lateral resolution of 32.5% compared to conventional beamforming with a nominal SoS of 1540 m/s. When indirectly evaluated over five human calves, our algorithm achieved a mean error of 7.9 m/s for the average calf SoS. Also, in human quadriceps imaging scenarios, our proposed framework showed image quality enhancements with improved visibility of the fascicle structure. Overall, our new technique improves ultrasound image resolution and allows more accurate SoS estimates to be derived for tissue health diagnostics. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ultrasonic imaging

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Fuzzy clustering for electric field characterization and its application to thunderstorm interpretability

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Digital Communications and Networks 2025年第2期11卷 299-307页

作者： Xu Yang Hongyan Xing Xinyuan Ji Wei Xu Witold Pedrycz School of Electronics and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of AlbertaEdmonton AB T6G 2R3Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences00-901 WarsawPoland Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Natural SciencesIstinye University34010 IstanbulTurkey

Changes in the Atmospheric Electric Field Signal(AEFS)are highly correlated with weather changes,especially with thunderstorm ***,little attention has been paid to the ambiguous weather information implicit in AEFS *** this paper,a Fuzzy C-Means(FCM)clustering method is used for the first time to develop an innovative approach to characterize the weather attributes carried by ***,a time series dataset is created in the time domain using AEFS *** AEFS-based weather is evaluated according to the time-series Membership Degree(MD)changes obtained by inputting this dataset into the ***,thunderstorm intensities are reflected by the change in distance from a thunderstorm cloud point charge to an AEF ***,a matching relationship is established between the normalized distance and the thunderstorm dominant MD in the space ***,the rationality and reliability of the proposed method are verified by combining radar charts and expert *** results confirm that this method accurately characterizes the weather attributes and changes in the AEFS,and a negative distance-MD correlation is obtained for the first *** detection of thunderstorm activity by AEF from the perspective of fuzzy set technology provides a meaningful guidance for interpretable thunderstorms.

关键词： Atmospheric electric field(AEF) Thunderstorm Fuzzy C-means(FCM) Attribute

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Visual Navigation in Unstructured Environments and the Development of a Multi-purpose Mobile Robot Platform

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Journal of institute of Control, Robotics and systems 2024年第9期30卷 913-923页

作者： Sim, Hyun-Jae Kim, Joshua Hong, Jungee Nam, Seung-Won Kim, Yong-Hee Heo, Jae Hwang, Hwan-Cheol Kim, Kwang-Ki Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha University Korea Republic of ICT Convergence Research Institute SJ Tech Korea Republic of

In this paper, we present the development of a visual navigation and mobile robot platform designed for autonomous driving in outdoor unstructured environments. To address the challenges posed by outdoor environments, where inter-object features are ambiguous and environmental conditions are highly irregular, we apply a semantic segmentation technique to the mobile robot's local navigation system, enabling it to move within a navigable region. A simplified segmentation structure is incorporated for processing large volumes of visual data and is integrated with vision-based control strategies to facilitate effective navigation planning. Additionally, we propose a supplementary method that involves road segmentation, which uses depth information to ensure stable and robust driving. Our research also includes the design of a wheeled mobile robot capable of operating in various environments, highlighting its practical applicability across diverse fields. The potential of this platform is validated through empirical evaluations conducted with self-developed real robots in various driving scenarios, demonstrating over 80% accuracy in navigable region classification and over 90% accuracy in road segmentation performance under dynamic conditions. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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