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7th International Conference on Information Science and Systems, ICISS 2024

作者： Ortega, Gerson Itliong Ordas, Amiel Mir Odiamar Villaverde, Jocelyn Flores Juanatas, Roben Antalan Juanatas, Irish Castrojeres School of Electrical Electronics and Computer Engineering Mapua University Philippines College of Computing in Information Technologies National University Philippines Department of Information Technology FEU Diliman Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9798400717567

The advancement of YOLO and similar computer vision models represents a technological era that could revolutionize numerous aspects of day-to-day life, including traffic management. This study explores the feasibility of utilizing YOLOv8 for pedestrian detection and counting to control traffic light timing sequences at isolated pedestrian crossings. By employing the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B with a camera module, real-time pedestrian video data can be captured and processed through YOLOv8. For the hardware, three LEDs and a Dot Matrix Module replicate conventional traffic light signals and timing, effectively simulating a traffic light system. The capabilities of the custom YOLOv8 model are evaluated through pedestrian detection accuracy, calculated by percentage error across twenty samples. Results reveal an average percent error of 7.33%, indicating 92.67% accuracy in pedestrian detection and counting. These findings underscore the model’s competence for pedestrian-based adaptive traffic light control, highlighting its potential to enhance practicality and safety at pedestrian crossings by dynamically adjusting signal timings based on real-time pedestrian activity. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Pedestrian safety

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Online Event-Triggered Switching for Frequency Control in Power Grids With Variable Inertia

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IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 2024年第4期40卷 3347-3360页

作者： Feng, Jie Cui, Wenqi Cortes, Jorge Shi, Yuanyuan University of California San Diego Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering San DiegoCA92093 United States California Institute of Technology Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences PasadenaCA91125 United States University of California San Diego Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering San DiegoCA92093 United States

The increasing integration of renewable energy resources into power grids has led to time-varying system inertia and consequent degradation in frequency dynamics. A promising solution to alleviate performance degradation is using power electronics interfaced energy resources, such as renewable generators and battery energy storage for primary frequency control, by adjusting their power output set-points in response to frequency deviations. However, designing a frequency controller under time-varying inertia is challenging. Specifically, the stability or optimality of controllers designed for time-invariant systems can be compromised once applied to a time-varying system. We model the frequency dynamics under time-varying inertia as a nonlinear switching system, where the frequency dynamics under each mode are described by the nonlinear swing equations and different modes represent different inertia levels. We identify a key controller structure, named Neural Proportional-Integral (Neural-PI) controller, that guarantees exponential input-to-state stability for each mode. To further improve performance, we present an online event-triggered switching algorithm to select the most suitable controller from a set of Neural-PI controllers, each optimized for specific inertia levels. Simulations on the IEEE 39-bus system validate the effectiveness of the proposed online switching control method with stability guarantees and optimized performance for frequency control under time-varying inertia. © 1969-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Renewable energy

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Highly efficient ternary organic solar cells with excellent open-circuit voltage and fill factor via precisely tuning molecular stacking and morphology

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 963-972页

作者： Dinghong Sun Zhenyu Chen Jianfeng Zhang Wei Song Jingyu Shi Jintao Zhu Yuanyuan Meng Fei Jin Shuncheng Yang Ziyi Ge Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham NingboNingbo 315100China

The micro-morphology and molecular stacking play a key role in determining the charge transport process and nonradiative energy loss, thus impacting the performances of organic solar cells(OSCs). To address this issue, a non-fullerene acceptor PhC6-IC-F with alkylbenzene side-chain, possessing optimized molecular stacking, complementary absorption spectra and forming a cascade energy level alignment in the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend, is introduced as guest acceptor to improve efficiency of ternary OSCs. The bulky phenyl in the side-chain can regulate crystallinity and optimizing phase separation between receptors in ternary blend films, resulting in the optimal phase separations in the ternary films. As a result, high efficiencies of 18.33% as photovoltaic layer are obtained for PhC6-IC-F-based ternary devices with excellent fill factor(FF) of 78.92%. Impressively, the ternary system produces a significantly improved open circuit voltage(V_(oc)) of 0.857 V compared with the binary device,contributing to the reduced density of trap states and suppressed non-radiative recombination result in lower energy loss. This work demonstrates an effective approach for adjusting the aggregation, molecular packing and fine phase separation morphology to increase V_(oc) and FF, paving the way toward high-efficiency OSCs.

关键词： alkylbenzene side-chain morphology regulation ternary blends organic solar cells

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Wide and fault diameter in Kneser graphs for enhanced fault tolerance in parallel computing

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International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations 2024年第3期31卷 169-190页

作者： Sundara Rajan, R. Kirithiga Nandini, G. Lin, Yuqing Reji, Remi Mariam Department of Mathematics Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai603 103 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai603 103 India School of Electrical Engineering and Computing The University of Newcastle CallaghanNSW2308 Australia Department of Mathematics Christian College Kerala Chengannur689 122 India

A system’s fault tolerance is its capacity to function even if one or more of its components fail. Implementing a fault-tolerant network becomes an important criterion for reliable computing. Reliability measures play a significant part in recognising the role of faulty and non-faulty processors in a parallel computing system. Parallel computing is used primarily for saving time, solving big problems, and doing multiple tasks at once at the same time. Various reliability measures have been introduced to evaluate a network’s fault-tolerance capability. We have measured the wide diameter and fault diameter of the Kneser graphs in this study. Also, we have verified the fault diameter obtained using an experimental study. Further, we have described some applications of wide diameter and fault diameter in parallel and distributed computing. Copyright © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Fault tolerant computer systems

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Predictive modeling of MXene-based solar absorbers using a deep neural network

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics 2025年第4期42卷 763-772页

作者： Waseer, Waleed Iqbal Baqir, Muhammad Abuzar Saqlain, Muhammad Mughal, Muhammad Junaid Khan, Shujaat School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal57000 Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad45550 Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and Mathematics King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia

Nanophotonic structures, such as photonic crystals, plasmonic nanostructures, and metamaterials, present transformative potential in advancing optical devices through innovative design capabilities. Among these, metamaterials—specifically metal–insulator–metal (MIM)-based absorbers—stand out for their ability to achieve high electromagnetic wave absorption across designated frequencies, proving valuable in applications ranging from solar cells to sensors. This study focuses on designing a high-efficiency MXene–SiO2–silver MIM metasurface absorber, leveraging deep learning techniques to streamline and enhance the simulation process traditionally reliant on finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) or finite-element methods (FEMs). By utilizing a deformable convolutional neural network (CNN), the proposed model predicts absorption spectra from metasurface geometries with superior accuracy and reduced computational demand while achieving dynamic spatial transformation handling. The model’s accuracy is further elucidated through Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM), which provides insights into the absorber’s most influential regions, supporting targeted optimization for specific applications. This deep learning approach demonstrates significant advantages over conventional methods in efficiency and adaptability, advancing the development of high-performance nanophotonic devices. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Time domain analysis

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Augmenting IoT Intrusion Detection System Performance Using Deep Neural Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1351-1374页

作者： Nasir Sayed Muhammad Shoaib Waqas Ahmed Sultan Noman Qasem Abdullah M.Albarrak Faisal Saeed Department of Computer Science Islamia College PeshawarPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Computer Science CECOS University of IT and Emerging SciencesPeshawar25000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering HITEC University TaxilaTaxila47080Pakistan Computer Science Department College of Computer and Information SciencesImam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University(IMSIU)Riyadh11432Saudi Arabia DAAI Research Group Department of Computing and Data ScienceSchool of Computing and Digital TechnologyBirmingham City UniversityBirminghamB47XGUK

Due to their low power consumption and limited computing power,Internet of Things(IoT)devices are difficult to ***,the rapid growth of IoT devices in homes increases the risk of *** detection systems(IDS)are commonly employed to prevent *** systems detect incoming attacks and instantly notify users to allow for the implementation of appropriate *** have been made in the past to detect new attacks using machine learning and deep learning techniques,however,these efforts have been *** this paper,we propose two deep learning models to automatically detect various types of intrusion attacks in IoT ***,we experimentally evaluate the use of two Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN)to detect nine distinct types of attacks listed in the NF-UNSW-NB15-v2 *** accomplish this goal,the network stream data were initially converted to twodimensional images,which were then used to train the neural network *** also propose two baseline models to demonstrate the performance of the proposed ***,both models achieve high accuracy in detecting the majority of these nine attacks.

关键词： Internet of things intrusion detection system deep learning convolutional neural network supervised learning

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A Data-Driven Approach based on Dynamic Mode Decomposition for Efficient Encoding of Dynamic Light Fields

A Data-Driven Approach based on Dynamic Mode Decomposition f...

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2023 IEEE/CVF Conference on computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops, CVPRW 2023

作者： Ravishankar, Joshitha Khaidem, Sally Sharma, Mansi Indian Institute of Technology Madras Department of Electrical Engineering India Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Amrita School of Computing Department of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350302493

Dynamic light fields provide a richer, more realistic 3D representation of a moving scene. However, this leads to higher data rates since excess storage and transmission requirements are needed. We propose a novel approach to efficiently represent and encode dynamic light field data for display applications based on dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). Acquired images are firstly obtained through optimized coded aperture patterns for each temporal frame/camera viewpoint of a dynamic light field. The underlying spatial, angular, and temporal correlations are effectively exploited by a data-driven DMD on these acquired images arranged as time snapshots. Next, High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) removes redundancies in light field data, including intra-frame and inter-frame redundancies, while maintaining high reconstruction quality. The proposed scheme is the first of its kind to treat light field videos as mathematical dynamical systems, leverage on dynamic modes of acquired images, and gain flexible coding at various bitrates. Experimental results demonstrate our scheme's superior compression efficiency and bitrate savings compared to the direct encoding of acquired images using HEVC codec. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Dynamic mode decomposition

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Feature Enhancer Segmentation Network (FES-Net)for Vessel Segmentation

Feature Enhancer Segmentation Network (FES-Net)for Vessel Se...

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2023 International Conference on Digital Image computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2023

作者： Khan, Tariq M. Arsalan, Muhammad Iqbal, Shahzaib Razzak, Imran Meijering, Erik School of Computer Science & Engineering Unsw Sydney Australia Qatar University Kindi Center for Computing Research Doha2713 Qatar Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382204

Diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration pose a significant risk to vision, highlighting the importance of precise segmentation of retinal vessels for tracking and diagnosis of progression. However, existing vessel segmentation methods that heavily rely on encoder-decoder structures struggle to capture contextual information about retinal vessel configurations, leading to challenges in reconciling semantic disparities between encoder and decoder features. To address this, we propose a novel feature enhancement segmentation network (FES-Net) that achieves accurate pixel-wise segmentation without requiring additional image enhancement steps. FES-Net directly processes the input image and utilizes four prompt convolutional blocks (PCBs) during downsampling, complemented by a shallow upsampling approach to generate a binary mask for each class. We evaluate the performance of FES-Net on four publicly available state-of-the-art datasets: DRIVE, STARE, CHASE, and HRF. The evaluation results clearly demonstrate the superior performance of FES-Net compared to other competitive approaches documented in the existing literature. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Statistical Device Simulation and Machine Learning of Process Variation Effects of Vertically Stacked Gate-All-Around Si Nanosheet CFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology 2024年 23卷 386-392页

作者： Kola, Sekhar Reddy Li, Yiming Butola, Rajat National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Biomedical Engineering Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

In this study, we report the process variation effect (PVE) including the work function fluctuation (WKF) on the DC/AC characteristic fluctuation of stacked gate-all-around silicon complementary field-effect transistors (CFETs). The PVE affects characteristic fluctuation significantly;in particular, for the variability of off-state current. Owing to the bottom channel of a fin-type, the P-FET suffers from the worst off-state current fluctuation (more than 200% variation) compared to the N-FET. The device variability induced by the WKF is marginal because of amorphous-type metal grains. As input features to an artificial neural network (ANN) model, low and high work function values, as well as parameters of PVE that have prevalent effects on CEFT transfer characteristics are further considered and modeled. The estimated values of R2-score prove that the ANN model properly grasps information from the dataset successfully;thus, it can be used to model emerging CFETs for circuit simulation. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Neural networks

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Quantum Guard: Pioneering Quantum-Based Malware Defense for IoT Devices 7

Quantum Guard: Pioneering Quantum-Based Malware Defense for ...

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7th IEEE Conference on Dependable and Secure computing, DSC 2024

作者： Khan, Mansoor Ali Aman, Muhammad Naveed Sikdar, Biplab College of Design and Engineering National University of Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering 117575 Singapore School of Computing College of Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNE68588-0115 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540289

In the burgeoning landscape of the Internet of Things (IoT), ensuring the integrity and security of embedded devices is paramount. With the increasing frequency of cyberattacks targeting these typically low-powered devices, there is an urgent need for improved defensive infrastructure. Traditional malware detection methods such as signature-based, heuristic-based, and specification-based techniques are hampered by limitations in scanning speed, microprocessor capabilities, and energy efficiency. These classical approaches encompassing static, dynamic, and hybrid analyses struggle to keep pace with the demands of modern resource-constrained IoT devices. Addressing these challenges, this article introduces 'Quantum Guard,' a trans-formative quantum-based malware detection framework that utilizes a hybrid approach. Here, the IoT device handles initial data probing by inspecting potential threats, while the quantum processor runs Grover's algorithm with a quantum oracle for intensive search tasks to accurately identify and mark specific malware classes. This innovative approach significantly enhances the speed and efficiency of malware detection across diverse types by employing quantum superposition to enable simultaneous scanning of multiple memory locations. The integration of a quantum oracle facilitates precise targeting of malware signatures, while the amplitude amplification algorithm improves the probability of detecting and accurately classifying signatures within unstructured datasets. Performance analysis shows that 'Quantum Guard' significantly outperforms traditional methods, offering a scalable and efficient solution with a space complexity of O(log N) and a time complexity of O(VN). This prototype not only allows for effective detection and protection against various malware types, including elusive polymorphic and metamorphic variants, but also integrates quantum cryptographic techniques to introduce a unique layer of security inherently resistant to eme

关键词： Quantum computers

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