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A Multi-Layer Software Architecture for Aerial Cognitive Multi-Robot Systems in Power Line Inspection Tasks

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Silano, Giuseppe Bednar, Jan Nascimento, Tiago Capitan, Jesus Saska, Martin Ollero, Anibal The Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Czech Republic Department of Computer Systems Universidade Federal da Paraiba Brazil The GRVC Robotics Laboratory University of Seville Spain

This paper presents a multi-layer software architecture to perform cooperative missions with a fleet of quad-rotors providing support in electrical power line inspection operations. The proposed software framework guarantees the compliance with safety requirements between drones and human workers while ensuring that the mission is carried out successfully. Besides, cognitive capabilities are integrated in the multi-vehicle system in order to reply to unforeseen events and external disturbances. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed architecture are demonstrated by means of realistic simulations. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Software architecture

Optimized Admittance Control for Manipulators Interacting with Unknown Environment 25

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Optimized Admittance Control for Manipulators Interacting wi...

25th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, ICIT 2024

作者： Kong, Haiyi Peng, Guangzhu Li, Guang Yang, Chenguang University Of Manchester Department Of Electrical And Electronic Engineering Oxford Rd ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom University Of The West Of England Bristol Robotics Laboratory BristolBS16 1QY United Kingdom School Of Automation Nanjing University Of Information Science And Technology Nanjing210044 China University Of Liverpool Department Of Computer Science LiverpoolL69 3BX United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350340266

This paper considers the study scenario that the end-effector of a manipulator follows a desired trajectory and interacts with external environment. To maximize the interaction performance, admittance control is combined with adaptive dynamic programming (ADP). The optimal admittance parameters can be learned online without prior knowledge of the environment. A data-driven Hybrid Iteration is employed in the ADP, which can relax the initial stabilizing requirement and at the same time has a faster convergence rate compared with Value Iteration. In addition, a more accurate environment model is considered in the system control design, where a general iterative expression is proposed to describe the varying contour of the environment. At last, simulation and experimental studies are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Manipulators

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lin, Zhenchao He, Li Yang, Hongqiang Sun, Xiaoqun Zhang, Guojin Chen, Weinan Guan, Yisheng Zhang, Hong School of Electromechanical Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics and Computer Vision China Meituan Technology Co. Ltd Shenzhen China

Large-scale point cloud consists of a multitude of individual objects, thereby encompassing rich structural and underlying semantic contextual information, resulting in a challenging problem in efficiently segmenting a point cloud. Most existing researches mainly focus on capturing intricate local features without giving due consideration to global ones, thus failing to leverage semantic context. In this paper, we propose a Similarity-Weighted Convolution and local-global Fusion Network, named SWCF-Net, which takes into account both local and global features. We propose a Similarity-Weighted Convolution (SWConv) to effectively extract local features, where similarity weights are incorporated into the convolution operation to enhance the generalization capabilities. Then, we employ a downsampling operation on the K and V channels within the attention module, thereby reducing the quadratic complexity to linear, enabling Transformer to deal with large-scale point cloud. At last, orthogonal components are extracted in the global features and then aggregated with local features, thereby eliminating redundant information between local and global features and consequently promoting efficiency. We evaluate SWCF-Net on large-scale outdoor datasets SemanticKITTI and Toronto3D. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed network. Our method achieves a competitive result with less computational cost, and is able to handle large-scale point clouds efficiently. The code is available at https://***/Sylva-Lin/SWCF-Net Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolution

SparseGTN: Human Trajectory Forecasting with Sparsely Represented Scene and Incomplete Trajectories

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SparseGTN: Human Trajectory Forecasting with Sparsely Repres...

IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Jianbang Liu Guangyang Li Xinyu Mao Fei Meng Jie Mei Max Q.-H. Meng Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automation Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence and the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen China Professor Emeritus in the Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong in Hong Kong Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta in Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798350377705

ISBN: (纸本)9798350377712

In recent years, great progress has been made in forecasting human motion in crowded scenes. However, current methods are far from practical applications due to the unbearable high computation costs, especially for encoding scene context. In addition, neglecting the partially detected trajectories makes the predicted outcome deviate from the real trajectory distribution. To handle the aforementioned concerns, we propose to represent the scene context and partially observed trajectories with sparse graphs. Customized for this special data structure, we design a hierarchical Graph Transformer Network model SparseGTN to predict multiple possible future trajectories of the target pedestrian by digesting the sparsely represented inputs. Our approach exhibits superiority over the state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods, utilizing a mere 3.42% of the number of floating point operations (FLOPs) and 0.53% of the number of model parameters. The code will be available online ⋆ .

关键词： Pedestrians Switches Predictive models Transformers Encoding Trajectory Mobile robots Forecasting Collision avoidance Intelligent robots

Style Transfer Enabled Sim2Real Framework for Efficient Learning of Robotic Ultrasound Image Analysis Using Simulated Data

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Keyu Mao, Xinyu Ye, Chengwei Li, Ang Xu, Yangxin Meng, Max Q.-H. The Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Alberta Canada

Robotic ultrasound (US) systems have shown great potential to make US examinations easier and more accurate. Recently, various machine learning techniques have been proposed to realize automatic US image interpretation for robotic US acquisition tasks. However, obtaining large amounts of real US imaging data for training is usually expensive or even unfeasible in some clinical applications. An alternative is to build a simulator to generate synthetic US data for training, but the differences between simulated and real US images may result in poor model performance. This work presents a Sim2Real framework to efficiently learn robotic US image analysis tasks based only on simulated data for real-world deployment. A style transfer module is proposed based on unsupervised contrastive learning and used as a preprocessing step to convert the real US images into the simulation style. Thereafter, a task-relevant model is designed to combine CNNs with vision transformers to generate the task-dependent prediction with improved generalization ability. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in an image regression task to predict the probe position based on US images in robotic transesophageal echocardiography (TEE). Our results show that using only simulated US data and a small amount of unlabelled real data for training, our method can achieve comparable performance to semi-supervised and fully supervised learning methods. Moreover, the effectiveness of our previously proposed CT-based US image simulation method is also indirectly confirmed. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Echocardiography

A Continuous Off-Policy Reinforcement Learning Scheme for Optimal Motion Planning in Simply-Connected Workspaces

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A Continuous Off-Policy Reinforcement Learning Scheme for Op...

IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Panagiotis Rousseas Charalampos P. Bechlioulis Kostas J. Kyriakopoulos School of Mechanical Engineering Control Systems Laboratory National Technical University of Athens Greece Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Center of AI & Robotics (CAIR) New York University Abu Dhabi

In this work, an Integral Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework is employed to provide provably safe, convergent and almost globally optimal policies in a novel Off-Policy Iterative method for simply-connected workspaces. This restriction stems from the impossibility of strictly global navigation in multiply connected manifolds, and is necessary for formulating continuous solutions. The current method generalizes and improves upon previous results, where parametrized controllers hindered the method in scope and results. Through enhancing the traditional reactive paradigm with RL, the proposed scheme is demonstrated to outperform both previous reactive methods as well as an RRT* method in path length, cost function values and execution times, indicating almost global optimality.

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QUADFormer: Learning-based Detection of Cyber Attacks in Quadrotor UAVs

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Pengyu Yang, Zhaohua Yang, Nachuan Wang, Zikai Li, Jialu Zhang, Fan Wang, Chaoqun Wang, Jiankun Meng, Max Q.-H. Shi, Ling Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong China Jiaxing Research Institute Southern University of Science and Technology Jiaxing China Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Alberta Canada

Safety-critical intelligent cyber-physical systems, such as quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), are vulnerable to different types of cyber attacks, and the absence of timely and accurate attack detection can lead to severe consequences. When UAVs are engaged in large outdoor maneuvering flights, their system constitutes highly nonlinear dynamics that include non-Gaussian noises. Therefore, the commonly employed traditional statistics-based and emerging learning-based attack detection methods do not yield satisfactory results. In response to the above challenges, we propose QUADFormer, a novel Quadrotor UAV Attack Detection framework with transFormer-based architecture. This framework includes a residue generator designed to generate a residue sequence sensitive to anomalies. Subsequently, this sequence is fed into a transformer structure with disparity in correlation to specifically learn its statistical characteristics for the purpose of classification and attack detection. Finally, we design an alert module to ensure the safe execution of tasks by UAVs under attack conditions. We conduct extensive simulations and real-world experiments, and the results show that our method has achieved superior detection performance compared with many state-of-the-art methods. (Video1) Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antennas

Direct Shooting Method for Numerical Optimal Control: A Modified Transcription Approach

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Direct Shooting Method for Numerical Optimal Control: A Modi...

European Control Conference (ECC)

作者： Jiawei Tang Yuxing Zhong Pengyu Wang Xingzhou Chen Shuang Wu Ling Shi Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Water Bay Hong Kong SAR Department Of Electronic And Electrical Engineering Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Noah's Ark Lab Huawei

ISBN: (数字)9783907144107

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540920

Direct shooting is an efficient method to solve numerical optimal control. It utilizes the Runge-Kutta scheme to discretize a continuous-time optimal control problem making the problem solvable by nonlinear programming solvers. However, conventional direct shooting raises a contradictory dynamics issue when using an augmented state to handle high-order systems. This paper fills the research gap by considering the direct shooting method for high-order systems. We derive the modified Euler and Runge-Kutta-4 methods to transcribe the system dynamics constraint directly. Additionally, we provide the global error upper bounds of our proposed methods. A set of benchmark optimal control problems shows that our methods provide more accurate solutions than existing approaches.

关键词： Upper bound Accuracy System dynamics Optimal control Europe Programming Benchmark testing

Reinforcement Learning-Based Optimal Multiple Waypoint Navigation

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Reinforcement Learning-Based Optimal Multiple Waypoint Navig...

IEEE International Conference on robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Christos Vlachos Panagiotis Rousseas Charalampos P. Bechlioulis Kostas J. Kyriakopoulos Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Patras Greece School of Mechanical Engineering Control Systems Laboratory National Technical University of Athens Greece Center of AI & Robotics (CAIR) New York University Abu Dhabi

In this paper, a novel method based on Artificial Potential Field (APF) theory is presented, for optimal motion planning in fully-known, static workspaces, for multiple final goal configurations. Optimization is achieved through a Reinforcement Learning (RL) framework. More specifically, the parameters of the underlying potential field are adjusted through a policy gradient algorithm in order to minimize a cost function. The main novelty of the proposed scheme lies in the method that provides optimal policies for multiple final positions, in contrast to most existing methodologies that consider a single final configuration. An assessment of the optimality of our results is conducted by comparing our novel motion planning scheme against a RRT* method.

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