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22nd International Learning and Technology Conference, L and T 2025

作者： Salem, Nema Jamjoom, Jude Alzahrani, Maria Qashqari, Maha Effat University Electrical Engineering Research Laboratory Effat College of Engineering Jeddah Saudi Arabia Effat University Effat College of Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Department Jeddah Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532215

The study examined various filtering methods applied to ECG signals;the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia dataset included two channels to reduce noise and artifacts while maintaining critical waveform characteristics. Initial filtering included a notch filter and a bandpass filter. Advanced filters such as Savitzky-Golay, Wavelet, Kalman, Wiener, and combined Wiener-Golay were used for noise reduction. Results showed that the Kalman filter performed best with an average SNR of 21.40 dB, while the Wavelet method worked well on channel 2. The Wiener filter was less effective due to its limited adaptability to changing noise. The combined Wiener-Savitzky-Golay filter showed a balanced performance but did not outperform the Kalman filter. Visual inspections of ECG signals from five patients revealed that the Kalman and Wavelet filters successfully maintained crucial morphological characteristics. The Savitzky-Golay filter offered effective smoothing but sometimes dampened the QRS complex, while the Wiener filter introduced high-frequency artifacts. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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An overview on IRS-enabled sensing and communications for 6G: architectures, fundamental limits, and joint beamforming designs

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 170-193页

作者： Xianxin SONG Yuan FANG Feng WANG Zixiang REN Xianghao YU Ye ZHANG Fan LIU Jie XU Derrick Wing Kwan NG Rui ZHANG Shuguang CUI School of Science and Engineering (SSE) Shenzhen Future Network of Intelligence Institute (FNii-Shenzhen)and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Future Networks of Intelligence The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Key Laboratory of Wireless-Optical Communications Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Computer School Beijing Information Science and Technology University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications University of New South Wales School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data The Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore

This study presents an overview on intelligent reflecting surface(IRS)-enabled sensing and communication for the forthcoming sixth-generation(6G) wireless networks, in which IRSs are strategically deployed to proactively reconfigure wireless environments to improve both sensing and communication(S&C) performance. First, we exploit a single IRS to enable wireless sensing in the base station's(BS's) non-line-of-sight(NLoS) area. In particular, we present three IRS-enabled NLoS target sensing architectures with fully-passive, semi-passive, and active IRSs, respectively. We compare their pros and cons by analyzing the fundamental sensing performance limits for target detection and parameter estimation. Next, we consider a single IRS to facilitate integrated sensing and communication(ISAC), in which the transmit signals at the BS are used for achieving both S&C functionalities, aided by the IRS through reflective beamforming. We present joint transmit signal and receiver processing designs for realizing efficient ISAC, and jointly optimize the transmit beamforming at the BS and reflective beamforming at the IRS to balance the fundamental performance tradeoff between S&C. Furthermore, we discuss multi-IRS networked ISAC, by particularly focusing on multi-IRS-enabled multi-link ISAC, multi-region ISAC, and ISAC signal routing, respectively. Finally, we highlight various promising research topics in this area to motivate future work.

关键词： integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) non-line-of-sight (NLoS) sensing sensing and communication tradeoff

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All-silicon integrated platform for light generation, manipulation, and detection—and its application to refractive index sensors

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Optica 2025年第5期12卷 577-584页

作者： de Cea, Marc Kramnik, Danielius Stojanovic, Vladimir Ram, Rajeev J. Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences UC Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Traditional silicon photonic platforms offer powerful capabilities for light manipulation and detection but cannot realize an integrated light source. This results in systems with increased cost and complexity due to the need for external light generation and coupling. In this work we overcome this limitation and experimentally demonstrate the generation, manipulation, and detection of waveguide-coupled light in a commercial silicon photonics foundry with monolithically integrated electronics—without any modification to the fabrication process and no additional post-processing steps. We propose the use of our platform to realize fully integrated, monolithic optical refractometric sensors and theoretically show that performance comparable to commercial, state of the art bench-top systems can be achieved. Our work lays the foundation for the realization of truly monolithic, full-functionality silicon photonic electro-optical systems with increasing levels of miniaturization and cost reduction. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Silicon photonics

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Multimodal Pain Assessment Βased on Physiological Biosignals: The Impact of Demographic Factors on Perception and Sensitivity 11

Multimodal Pain Assessment Βased on Physiological Biosignal...

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11th International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Ageing Well and e-Health, ICT4AWE 2025

作者： Pavlidou, Elisavet Tsiknakis, Manolis Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hellenic Mediterranean University Estavromenos Heraklion71410 Greece Computational BioMedicine Laboratory Institute of Computer Science Foundation for Research & Technology-Hellas Vassilika Vouton Heraklion70013 Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587436

Pain is a multidimensional and highly personalized sensation that affects individuals’ physical and emotional state. Visual analog scales, numeric rate indicators, and various questionnaires, all relying on patient-reported outcome measurements, are considered the "gold" standard methods for assessing the severity of pain. Nevertheless, self-report tools require cognitive, linguistic, and social abilities, which may manifest variations in certain populations such as neonates, individuals with intellectual disabilities, and those affected by dementia. The purpose of this study is to automate the process through multimodal physiological-data-driven machine-learning models in order to gain deeper insights into pain sensation. We developed a pipeline using electrocardiogram (ECG), galvanic skin response (GSR), and electromyogram (EMG), along with demographic information from the BioVid dataset. The Pan & Tompkins algorithm was applied for ECG signal processing, while statistical analysis was used for feature extraction across all signals. Our study achieved 82.83% accuracy in the SVM classification task of baseline (BL) vs the highest level of pain (PA4) for females aged 20-35. Copyright © 2025 by SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Sensory perception

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Adaptive Robust Control Integrated With Gaussian Processes for Quadrotors: Enhanced Accuracy, Fault Tolerance and Anti-Disturbance

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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics: Systems 2025年第5期55卷 3235-3248页

作者： Liang, Weisheng Amer, Abdelhakim Mehndiratta, Mohit Chen, Zheng Yao, Bin Kayacan, Erdal Zhejiang University State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Hangzhou310027 China Aarhus University Artificial Intelligence in Robotics Laboratory Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus8000 Denmark GIM Robotics Espoo02650 Finland Zhejiang University Ocean College Ocean Research Center of Zhoushan Zhoushan316021 China Purdue University School of Mechanical Engineering West Lafayette47907 United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Paderborn33098 Germany

With increasingly challenging applications for quadrotors, higher requirements are emerging for tracking accuracy and safety. While high accuracy is a prerequisite for complex tasks, safety is ensured through tolerance to actuator faults and resistance to external disturbances. In this article, adaptive robust control (ARC) integrated with Gaussian processes (GPs), i.e., ARC-GP, is proposed to achieve enhanced accuracy, fault tolerance, and anti-disturbance. These three requirements are interrelated and affected by uncertainties. The primary idea of this article is to categorize uncertainties into parametric and nonparametric types, which are then addressed through parameter adaptation and GP, respectively. First, a detailed dynamic model is established, including actuator models that reflect different types of faults corresponding to changes in different physical parameters. Then, parameter adaptation is designed, with direct and indirect methods adopted for different parameters. In particular, the actuator parameters are effectively estimated to achieve targeted fault compensation. Regarding GP for nonparametric uncertainties, its model parameters are also updated via parameter adaptation. The GP thereby also learns parameter estimation errors along with external disturbances. Accordingly, ARC controllers are designed, for which robust feedback terms are constructed to further mitigate uncertainties on the basis of the covariances predicted by GP. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed ARC-GP can actively tolerate various types of actuator faults and better resist wind disturbances. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Robust control

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Detection of Perfect Stealthy Attacks on Cyber-Physical Systems Subject to Measurement Quantizations: A Watermark-Based Strategy

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 114-125页

作者： Yu-Ang Wang Zidong Wang Lei Zou Bo Shen Hongli Dong the College of Information Science and Technology Donghua University the Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology Ministry of Education IEEE the College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and Technology the Department of Computer Science Brunel University London Uxbridge the Sanya Offshore Oil and Gas Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University the Artificial Intelligence Energy Research Institute Northeast Petroleum University Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Networking and Intelligent Control Northeast Petroleum University

In this paper, the attack detection problem is investigated for a class of closed-loop systems subjected to unknownbutbounded noises in the presence of stealthy attacks. The measurement outputs from the sensors are quantized before transmission.A specific type of perfect stealthy attack, which meets certain rather stringent conditions, is taken into account. Such attacks could be injected by adversaries into both the sensor-toestimator and controller-to-actuator channels, with the aim of disrupting the normal data flow. For the purpose of defending against these perfect stealthy attacks, a novel scheme based on watermarks is developed. This scheme includes the injection of watermarks(applied to data prior to quantization) and the recovery of data(implemented before the data reaches the estimator).The watermark-based scheme is designed to be both timevarying and hidden from adversaries through incorporating a time-varying and bounded watermark signal. Subsequently, a watermark-based attack detection strategy is proposed which thoroughly considers the characteristics of perfect stealthy attacks,thereby ensuring that an alarm is activated upon the occurrence of such attacks. An example is provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed mechanism for detecting attacks.

关键词： Attack detection cyber-physical systems (CPSs) perfect stealthy attacks watermark-based strategy

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Digital Twin of Channel: Diffusion Model for Sensing-Assisted Statistical Channel State Information Generation

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IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 2025年第5期24卷 3805-3821页

作者： Gong, Xinrui Liu, Xiaofeng Lu, An-An Gao, Xiqi Xia, Xiang-Gen Wang, Cheng-Xiang You, Xiaohu Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211100 China Huawei Technologies Company Ltd. Suzhou215000 China Southeast University National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Nanjing210096 China University of Delaware Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering NewarkDE19716 United States

With the advancement of communication technology and the improvement of localization accuracy, cellular networks are gradually evolving from communication to perception-integrated networks. Addressing the research challenges of sensing-assisted communication, we propose, for the first time, the concept of Digital Twin of Channel (DToC). Specifically, we regard user terminal (UT) positions as physical objects, and statistical channel state information (CSI) as virtual digital objects. Observing the change trend of UTs’ statistical CSI caused by the changes of UT’s physical position enables predictive analytics for subsequent communication tasks. Then, we establish the relationship between physical and virtual digital objects using a Diffusion Model (DM) to achieve the DToC. Indeed, the DM can generate the desired objects by gradually denoising from noisy data using neural networks. Furthermore, we propose a conditional DM utilizing UTs’ positions, which completes the task of generating the corresponding statistical CSI under known user-specific position conditions, thus mapping UT positions to statistical CSI. Simulation results demonstrate that our DToC framework outperforms previous statistical CSI estimation methods. Without the need of pilots, our method can simultaneously generate statistical CSIs from a large number of UTs’ positions, achieving satisfactory results. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive analytics

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CPM-Based Tunable Phase-Attached Radar–Communications (PARC)

IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems

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IEEE Transactions on Radar Systems 2025年 3卷 520-538页

作者： Sahin, Cenk McCormick, Patrick M. Metcalf, Justin G. Jakabosky, John Blunt, Shannon D. Perrins, Erik S. Owen, Jonathan Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMD20723 United States The University of Kansas Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science LawrenceKS66045 United States The University of Oklahoma Advanced Radar Research Center NormanOK73019 United States Naval Research Laboratory Radar Division WashingtonDC20375 United States

Motivated by the increasing need for efficient use of the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS) in congested and contested environments, a codesigned dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) waveform framework was introduced, which combines the desirable features of a pulsed radar transmission (i.e., constant amplitude and continuous phase) with the ability to embed information in the phase of the waveform via continuous-phase modulation (CPM). This CPM-based phase-attached radar-communication (PARC) waveform operates in a pulse-agile mode, which introduces a coupling of the fast- and slow-time dimensions through what is known as range-sidelobe modulation (RSM). The flexibility of CPM-based PARC via its multiple tunable parameters provides the ability to control this radar performance degradation at the expense of bit error rate (BER) and/or data throughput. Furthermore, the severity of RSM can likewise be mitigated via mismatched filter pulse compression on receive to reduce the variance of the pulse compression responses. Here, we evaluate the radar and communication performance trade space as a function of the CPM-based PARC parameters when assuming both matched and mismatched filter pulse compression at the radar receiver. The efficacy of the CPM-based PARC framework for both radar and communications is experimentally validated in an open-air environment using a radar in a quasi-monostatic configuration and a communication receiver in the field of view of the radar. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Matched filters

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Impact of dissolution and precipitation on pore structure in CO2 sequestration within tight sandstone reservoirs

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Petroleum Science 2025年第2期22卷 868-883页

作者： Hui Gao Kai-Qing Luo Chen Wang Teng Li Zhi-Lin Cheng Liang-Bin Dou Kai Zhao Nan Zhang Yue-Liang Liu School of Petroleum Engineering Xi'an Shiyou University Engineering Research Center of Development and Management for Low to Ultra-Low Permeability Oil & Gas Reservoirs in West China Ministry of Education Xi'an Key Laboratory of Tight Oil (shale Oil) Development Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Stavanger School of Petroleum Engineering China University of Petroleum (Beijing)

Complex physical and chemical reactions during CO2sequestration alter the microscopic pore structure of geological formations,impacting sequestration *** investigate CO2sequestration dynamics,comprehensive physical simulation experiments were conducted under varied pressures,coupled with assessments of changes in mineral composition,ion concentrations,pore morphology,permeability,and sequestration capacity before and after ***,a method using NMR T2spectra changes to measure pore volume shift and estimate CO2sequestration is *** quantifies CO2needed for mineralization of soluble ***,when CO2dissolves in crude oil,the precipitation of asphaltene compounds impairs both seepage and storage ***,the impact of dissolution and precipitation is closely associated with storage pressure,with a particularly pronounced influence on smaller *** pressure levels rise,the magnitude of pore alterations progressively *** a pressure threshold of 25 MPa,the rate of change in small pores due to dissolution reaches a maximum of 39.14%,while precipitation results in a change rate of-58.05% for small *** observed formation of dissolution pores and micro-cracks during dissolution,coupled with asphaltene precipitation,provides crucial insights for establishing CO2sequestration parameters and optimizing strategies in low permeability reservoirs.

关键词： Dissolution Precipitation Pore structure CO2 sequestration Unconventional reservoirs

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Predictive modeling of MXene-based solar absorbers using a deep neural network

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Journal of the Optical Society of America B: Optical Physics 2025年第4期42卷 763-772页

作者： Waseer, Waleed Iqbal Baqir, Muhammad Abuzar Saqlain, Muhammad Mughal, Muhammad Junaid Khan, Shujaat School of Physics State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Department of Electrical Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Sahiwal57000 Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering COMSATS University Islamabad Islamabad45550 Pakistan Department of Computer Engineering College of Computing and Mathematics King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia SDAIA-KFUPM Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran31261 Saudi Arabia

Nanophotonic structures, such as photonic crystals, plasmonic nanostructures, and metamaterials, present transformative potential in advancing optical devices through innovative design capabilities. Among these, metamaterials—specifically metal–insulator–metal (MIM)-based absorbers—stand out for their ability to achieve high electromagnetic wave absorption across designated frequencies, proving valuable in applications ranging from solar cells to sensors. This study focuses on designing a high-efficiency MXene–SiO2–silver MIM metasurface absorber, leveraging deep learning techniques to streamline and enhance the simulation process traditionally reliant on finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) or finite-element methods (FEMs). By utilizing a deformable convolutional neural network (CNN), the proposed model predicts absorption spectra from metasurface geometries with superior accuracy and reduced computational demand while achieving dynamic spatial transformation handling. The model’s accuracy is further elucidated through Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM), which provides insights into the absorber’s most influential regions, supporting targeted optimization for specific applications. This deep learning approach demonstrates significant advantages over conventional methods in efficiency and adaptability, advancing the development of high-performance nanophotonic devices. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group. All rights, including for text and data mining (TDM), Artificial Intelligence (AI) training, and similar technologies, are reserved.

关键词： Time domain analysis

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