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Market-Based Environmental Policies in the Power Sector: State of the Art and Future Research Needs

Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 2023年第3期10卷 59-74页

作者： Siddiqui, Afzal S. Tanaka, Makoto Chen, Yihsu Department of Computer and Systems Sciences Stockholm University Kista Sweden Department of Mathematics and Systems Analysis Aalto University Espoo Finland National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies Tokyo Japan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Environmental Studies Department University of California Santa CruzCA United States

Purpose of Review: So-called Green New Deals aim to decarbonise the power sector via market-based instruments. Consequently, engineering-economic models for analysing the sustainable-energy transition have proliferated. This review categorises existing approaches and identifies areas for extending the state of the art. Recent Findings: We cluster the extant literature into two groups: engineering/operational research (M1) and environmental economics (M2). While M1 focuses on the power sector’s technical and spatio-temporal aspects, M2’s emphasis is on incentives and externalities. Depending on the nature of the research question, either perspective (or both) may be suitable. Summary: Since the envisaged electrification of the wider economy implies tighter coupling between formerly distinct sectors, e.g., power and heat, both M1 and M2 will have to adapt to the new paradigm in terms of methodology and application areas. Here, eliciting coordinating mechanisms, enhancing algorithms for solving hierarchical models, soft linking bottom-up and top-down models, and crafting robust environmental policy in face of uncertainty over externalities are some of the vistas for future research. © 2023, The Author(s).

关键词： Game theory

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B-Spline-Based Curve Fitting to Cam Pitch Curve Using Reinforcement Learning

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Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing 2023年第5期36卷 2145-2164页

作者： Zhiwei Lin Tianding Chen Yingtao Jiang Hui Wang Shuqin Lin Ming Zhu School of Physics and Information Engineering Minnan Normal UniversityZhang ZhouFujian363000China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of NevadaLas VegasNV89154USA

Directly applying the B-spline interpolation function to process plate cams in a computer numerical control(CNC)system may produce verbose tool-path codes and unsmooth *** paper is devoted to addressing the problem of B-splineﬁtting for cam pitch *** that the B-spline curve needs to meet the motion law of the follower to approximate the pitch curve,we use the radial error to quantify the effects of theﬁtting B-spline curve and the pitch *** problem thus boils down to solving a difﬁcult global optimization problem toﬁnd the numbers and positions of the control points or data points of the B-spline curve such that the cumulative radial error between theﬁtting curve and the original curve is minimized,and this problem is attempted in this paper with a double deep Q-network(DDQN)reinforcement learning(RL)algorithm with data points ***ﬁcally,the RL envir-onment,actions set and current states set are designed to facilitate the search of the data points,along with the design of the reward function and the initialization of the neural *** experimental results show that when the angle division value of the actions set isﬁxed,the proposed algorithm can maximize the number of data points of the B-spline curve,and accurately place these data points to the right positions,with the minimum average of radial *** work establishes the theoretical foundation for studying splineﬁtting using the RL method.

关键词： B-splineﬁtting radial error DDQN RL algorithm global optimal policy

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Surface Functionalized Plasmonic Sensors for Uric Acid Detection With Gold-Graphene Stacked Nanocomposites

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Photonic Sensors 2025年第1期15卷 122-137页

作者： Olabisi Abdullahi ONIFADE Dinie Dayana MOHAMAD AZRI Muhammad Hafiz ABU BAKAR Mohammed Thamer ALRESHEEDI Eng Khoon NG Mohd Adzir MAHDI Ahmad Shukri MUHAMMAD NOOR Department of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia Wireless and Photonics Research Centre of Excellence Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang43400Malaysia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringKing Saud UniversityRiyadh 11421Kingdom of SaudiArabia Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridge CB30FAThe United Kingdom Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology(ION2) Universiti Putra MalaysiaSerdang 43400Malaysia

This study presented a surface-functionalized sensor probe using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)self-assembled monolayers on a Kretschmann-configured plasmonic *** probe featured stacked nanocomposites of gold(via sputtering)and graphene quantum dots(GQD,via spin-coating)for highly sensitive and accurate uric acid(UA)detection within the physiological *** encompassed the field emission scanning electron microscopy for detailed imaging,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy for elemental analysis,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for molecular *** functionalization increased sensor sensitivity by 60.64%,achieving 0.0221°/(mg/dL)for the gold-GQD probe and 0.0355°/(mg/dL)for the gold-APTES-GQD probe,with linear correlation coefficients of 0.8249 and 0.8509,*** highest sensitivity was 0.0706°/(mg/dL),with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.993 and a low limit of detection of 0.2 mg/***,binding affinity increased dramatically,with the Langmuir constants of 14.29μM^(-1)for the gold-GQD probe and 0.0001μM^(-1)for the gold-APTES-GQD probe,representing a 142900-fold *** probe demonstrated notable reproducibility and repeatability with relative standard deviations of 0.166%and 0.013%,respectively,and exceptional temporal stability of 99.66%.These findings represented a transformative leap in plasmonic UA sensors,characterized by enhanced precision,reliability,sensitivity,and increased surface binding capacity,synergistically fostering unprecedented practicality.

关键词： Plasmon nanocomposite gold-graphene quantum dot uric acid,functionalize sensor

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"Risky or Trustworthy?": User Behavior towards Biometric Authentication Method 7

"Risky or Trustworthy?": User Behavior towards Biometric Aut...

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7th Information systems International Conference, ISICO 2023

作者： Kusyanti, Ari Catherina, Harin Puspa Ayu Effendrik, Popong Santoso, Nurudin Ekowati, Nurul Syamsi Department of Computer Science Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia Department of Information Systems Universitas Brawijaya Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Malang Indonesia

Smartphones as a means of communication are not only used to send and receive messages and make phone calls. Today's smartphones are also intended to store personal data and sensitive information hence it is vulnerable to be illegally accessed by others. Fingerprint as a biometric lock screen for smartphones can be trusted to ensure the security and privacy of smartphone users. A fingerprint is closely related to a user's identity. When using fingerprints, users provide their personal biometric pattern, unknowingly giving their privacy and making them vulnerable to unauthorized use of their biometric pattern. This study is designed to reveal the factors that influence users when using fingerprints as a smartphone lock, using eight variables adapted from previous research. The data analysis used is Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. The results of this study suggest that trust, attitudes, and perceived risk are the factors that influence users when using their fingerprint as a smartphone lock. © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Smartphones

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Analysis of Rain Visibility Attenuation on Free Space Optics (FSO) for South African Weather Conditions 4

Analysis of Rain Visibility Attenuation on Free Space Optics...

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4th IEEE International Conference on electrical, computer, and Energy Technologies, ICECET 2024

作者： Mahlobogwane, Zanele Mukubwa, Emmanuel Pillay, Nelendran Tshwane University of Technology Department of Computer Systems Engineering Pretoria South Africa Moi University KipKenya Department of Electrical and Communications Engineering Cheptiret Kenya Durban University of Technology Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Durban South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395914

The Free Space Optics (FSO) is a high-speed connectivity system that has the same advantages of speed and bandwidth as that of optic fiber. In comparison to optic fiber, FSO is the preferred choice when it comes to cost and deployment period. However, one of the main challenges with FSO is the changing weather conditions that affect the signal since the transmitted signal is radiated through the atmosphere. This investigation focuses on examining the variables that influence the reduction of visibility at different wavelengths: 750nm, 780nm, 850nm, and 1550nm. The locations of interest concerning visibility and rain data are Pretoria, Upington, Bloemfontein, and Cape Town in the Republic of South Africa. Results indicate that fog attenuates the signal more when compared to rain. Furthermore, signals transmitted at 1550nm will attenuate the signal less when compared to the other wavelengths of interest. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Rain

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A Comparative Study on Different Optimization Algorithms for Solving Economic Dispatch Problem 4

A Comparative Study on Different Optimization Algorithms for...

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4th International Conference on Smart Grid and Renewable Energy, SGRE 2024

作者： Foqha, Tareq Alsadi, Samer Refaat, Shady S. Arab American University Department of Electrical Engineering Jenin Palestine Palestine Technical University-Kadoorie Department of Electrical Engineering Tulkarm Palestine University of Hertfordshire School of Physics Engineering and Computer Science Hatfield United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306262

Economic dispatch is one of the mathematical optimization problems in power system operation and planning. It aims to find the most efficient output for generating units that meets the demand of the load at the lowest possible cost while satisfy all operational constraints. This paper examines numerous methods to address the economic dispatch problem, including deterministic approaches like the Lagrange multiplier method, metaheuristic optimization algorithms such as the Genetic Algorithm, the Firefly Algorithm, the Harris-Hawks optimization algorithm, and their hybridizations. The study also utilizes PowerWorld Simulator, a software package that solves economic dispatch problems using sequential linear programming. Two different case studies have been conducted on IEEE 5-bus and 30-bus test systems for demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms. The results of various case studies showed that the deterministic methods are the most effective for solving the economic dispatch problem. It was also shown that the hybrid algorithms, which combine the strengths of different optimization techniques, can achieve a significant enhancement in total cost compared to the conventional metaheuristic methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Asymmetric transmission through a classical analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm ring

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Physical Review B 2024年第4期110卷 045103-045103页

作者： Lei Chen Isabella L. Giovannelli Nadav Shaibe Steven M. Anlage Maryland Quantum Materials Center Department of Physics Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

It has been predicted that new physics and technology are enabled for quantum systems that suffer from partial decoherence, in the intermediate range between coherent quantum evolution and incoherent classical physics. We explore the asymmetric transmission through a classical analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) mesoscopic ring that supports a 3:1 asymmetry in transmission times, augmented with lossy features that act preferentially on the longer-lingering waves. Such a device is realized as a linear microwave graph utilizing a gyrator to create the 3:1 transmission time delay asymmetry, along with both homogeneous and localized losses, to produce an imbalance in wave transmission through the device. We demonstrate asymmetric transmission through the microwave-ring graph as a function of loss in both simulation and experiment, and in both the frequency- and time-domain. The microwave ring-graph results are compared to a numerical simulation representative of a class of recent models proposing dephasing-induced transport asymmetry in few-channel quantum systems, and parallels are noted.

关键词： Open quantum systems & decoherence Quantum coherence & coherence measures Quantum foundations Quantum-to-classical transition Semiclassical physics Weak values & weak measurements

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A Survey on Supervised,Unsupervised,and Semi-Supervised Approaches in Crowd Counting

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第12期81卷 3561-3582页

作者： Jianyong Wang Mingliang Gao Qilei Li Hyunbum Kim Gwanggil Jeon School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo255000China School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondonE14NSUK Department of Embedded Systems Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon22012Republic of Korea

Quantifying the number of individuals in images or videos to estimate crowd density is a challenging yet crucial task with significant implications for fields such as urban planning and public *** counting has attracted considerable attention in the field of computer vision,leading to the development of numerous advanced models and *** approaches vary in terms of supervision techniques,network architectures,and model ***,most crowd counting methods rely on fully supervised learning,which has proven to be ***,this approach presents challenges in real-world scenarios,where labeled data and ground-truth annotations are often *** a result,there is an increasing need to explore unsupervised and semi-supervised methods to effectively address crowd counting tasks in practical *** paper offers a comprehensive review of crowd counting models,with a particular focus on semi-supervised and unsupervised approaches based on their supervision *** summarize and critically analyze the key methods in these two categories,highlighting their strengths and ***,we provide a comparative analysis of prominent crowd counting methods using widely adopted benchmark *** believe that this survey will offer valuable insights and guide future advancements in crowd counting technology.

关键词： Crowd counting density estimation convolutional neural network(CNN) un/semi-supervised learning

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Polaronic mechanism of Nagaoka ferromagnetism in Hubbard models

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Physical Review B 2024年第23期109卷 235128-235128页

作者： Rhine Samajdar R. N. Bhatt Department of Physics Princeton Center for Theoretical Science Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

The search for elusive Nagaoka-type ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model has recently enjoyed renewed attention with the advent of a variety of experimental platforms enabling its realization, including moiré materials, quantum dots, and ultracold atoms in optical lattices. Here, we demonstrate a universal mechanism for Nagaoka ferromagnetism (that applies to both bipartite and nonbipartite lattices) based on the formation of ferromagnetic polarons consisting of a dopant dressed with polarized spins. Using large-scale density-matrix renormalization group calculations, we present a comprehensive study of the ferromagnetic polaron in an electron-doped Hubbard model, establishing various polaronic properties such as its size and energetics. Moreover, we systematically probe the internal structure of the magnetic state—through the use of pinning fields and three-point spin-charge-spin correlation functions—for both the single-polaron limit and the high-density regime of interacting polarons. Our results highlight the crucial role of mobile polarons in the birth of global ferromagnetic order from local ferromagnetism and provide a unified framework to understand the development and demise of the Nagaoka-type ferromagnetic state across dopings.

关键词： Ferromagnetism Polarons Strongly correlated systems Hubbard model

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Enhanced Reactive Power Transfer Capability and ZVS Range Analysis for a Single-Stage DAB based Electronic Transformer Using Bidirectional Switches

Enhanced Reactive Power Transfer Capability and ZVS Range An...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Rawat, Shubham Narwal, Ramandeep Bhattacharya, Subhashish Baliga, B. Jayant Hopkins, Douglas C. North Carolina State University Freedm Systems Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering RaleighNC27695 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

A single-stage single-phase dual active bridge (DAB) based solid-state transformer (SST) offers various advantages over its multi-stage counterparts, including higher efficiency and reliability due to fewer components and the absence of bulky electrolytic capacitors. However, the lack of a DC link limits its reactive power transfer capability from the supply to the load, a capability even conventional transformers possess. To address this, external compensation elements are required across the load terminals to meet the desired reactive power, diminishing its primary advantage. This paper introduces a technique for a single phase AC-AC DAB-based SST to enhance the transformer's reactive power transfer capacity. It also presents a detailed analysis of the zero voltage switching range of the converter bridges under various operating conditions while supplying reactive power. The proposed schemes and analysis are further validated by experimental results on a 120/164 Vrms and 450 VA hardware prototype, demonstrating a correlation with the experimental results and highlighting the practical benefits of the proposed scheme. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Zero voltage switching

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