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Enhancing waste sorting and recycling efficiency: robust deep learning-based approach for classification and detection

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年第6期37卷 4567-4583页

作者： Sayem, Faizul Rakib Islam, Md. Sakib Bin Naznine, Mansura Nashbat, Mohammad Hasan-Zia, Mazhar Kunju, Ali K Ansaruddin Khandakar, Amith Ashraf, Azad Majid, Molla Ehsanul Kashem, Saad Bin Abul Chowdhury, Muhammad E. H. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science & Engineering Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Rajshahi6204 Bangladesh Chemical Engineering Department University of Doha for Science and Technology Doha Qatar Department of Electrical Engineering Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Computer Applications Department Academic Bridge Program Qatar Foundation Doha Qatar Department of Computing Science AFG College With the University of Aberdeen Doha Qatar

Given the severity of waste pollution as a major environmental concern, intelligent and sustainable waste management is becoming increasingly crucial in both developed and developing countries. The material composition and volume of urban solid waste are key considerations in processing, managing, and utilizing city waste. Deep learning technologies have emerged as viable solutions to address waste management issues by reducing labor costs and automating complex tasks. However, the limited number of trash image categories and the inadequacy of existing datasets have constrained the proper evaluation of machine learning model performance across a large number of waste classes. In this paper, we present robust waste image classification and object detection studies using deep learning models, utilizing 28 distinct recyclable categories of waste images comprising a total of 10,406 images. For the waste classification task, we proposed a novel dual-stream network that outperformed several state-of-the-art models, achieving an overall classification accuracy of 83.11%. Additionally, we introduced the GELAN-E (generalized efficient layer aggregation network) model for waste object detection tasks, obtaining a mean average precision (mAP50) of 63%, surpassing other state-of-the-art detection models. These advancements demonstrate significant progress in the field of intelligent waste management, paving the way for more efficient and effective solutions. © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Deep learning for waste management Intelligent waste management Object detection in waste management Sustainable waste processing Urban solid waste Waste image classification

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Fault-tolerant capability analysis of six-phase induction motor with distributed, concentrated, and pseudo-concentrated windings

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Scientia Iranica 2024年第10期31卷 775-789页

作者： Alemi-Rostami, Mehdi Rezazadeh, Ghasem Tahami, Farzad Akbari-Resketi, Hamid Reza Ministry of Science Research and Technology Tehran Iran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Engineering University of Tehran Tehran Iran Department of Electrical Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Babol Noshirvani University of Technology Babol Iran

Six-phase motors are becoming more popular because of their advantages such as lower torque ripple, better power distribution per phase, higher efficiency, and fault-tolerant capability compared to the three-phase ones. This paper presents the fault-tolerant capability analysis of a symmetrical six-phase induction motor equipped with distributed, conventional concentrated, and pseudo-concentrated windings under open-circuit fault scenarios. For further investigation, different load types such as constant-speed, constant-torque, and constant-power are applied to the motor. Two concepts of magnetic and physical phase separations are introduced as factors affecting the motor reliability. Analytically, these factors give an insight into how the pseudo-concentrated winding could be a fault-tolerant alternative. Moreover, five parameters such as the change of output power, power loss, power factor, efficiency, and expected load loss are considered as the fault-tolerant capability parameters to evaluate the windings reliability. The aforementioned parameters are reported using the finite element analysis for different fault scenarios and different load types. Although the baseline motor dimensions are not optimized for applying the pseudo-concentrated winding, the pseudo-concentrated shows a promising performance with high fault-tolerant capability. © 2024 Sharif University of Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Reliability analysis

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A parametric rate-distortion model for video transcoding

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-35页

作者： Jamali, Maedeh Karimi, Nader Samavi, Shadrokh Shirani, Shahram Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4L8 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Computer Science Department Seattle University Seattle98122 United States

Over the past two decades, the rise in video streaming has been driven by internet accessibility and the demand for high-quality video. To meet this demand across varying network speeds and devices, transcoding is essential. This paper introduces a parametric rate-distortion (R-D) transcoding model that predicts transcoding distortion at different bitrates without the need for re-encoding. Experimental results validate the model’s effectiveness in predicting rate-distortion behavior for diverse video content. Using our model, visual quality (measured by PSNR and VMAF) of transcoded video can be improved through trans-sizing. Moreover, our model can identify visually lossless bitrate ranges. This allows service providers to adjust target bitrates with minimal quality loss. Experimental results validate the model’s effectiveness in predicting rate-distortion behavior for diverse video content. By using the VMAF measure, our model achieves a quality improvement of up to 2.55 and bitrate savings of up to 79.10%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Video streaming

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Improving Badminton Action Recognition Using Spatio-Temporal Analysis and a Weighted Ensemble Learning Model

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第11期81卷 3079-3096页

作者： Farida Asriani Azhari Azhari Wahyono Wahyono Department of Computer Science and Electronics Universitas Gadjah MadaYogyakarta55281Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Universitas Jenderal SoedirmanPurbalingga53371Indonesia

Incredible progress has been made in human action recognition(HAR),significantly impacting computer vision applications in sports ***,identifying dynamic and complex movements in sports like badminton remains challenging due to the need for precise recognition accuracy and better management of complex motion *** learning techniques like convolutional neural networks(CNNs),long short-term memory(LSTM),and graph convolutional networks(GCNs)improve recognition in large datasets,while the traditional machine learning methods like SVM(support vector machines),RF(random forest),and LR(logistic regression),combined with handcrafted features and ensemble approaches,perform well but struggle with the complexity of fast-paced sports like *** proposed an ensemble learning model combining support vector machines(SVM),logistic regression(LR),random forest(RF),and adaptive boosting(AdaBoost)for badminton action *** data in this study consist of video recordings of badminton stroke techniques,which have been extracted into spatiotemporal *** three-dimensional distance between each skeleton point and the right hip represents the spatial *** temporal features are the results of Fast Dynamic Time Warping(FDTW)calculations applied to 15 frames of each video *** weighted ensemble model employs soft voting classifiers from SVM,LR,RF,and AdaBoost to enhance the accuracy of badminton action *** E2 ensemble model,which combines SVM,LR,and AdaBoost,achieves the highest accuracy of 95.38%.

关键词： Weighted ensemble learning badminton action soft voting classifier joint skeleton fast dynamic time warping spatiotemporal

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Intelligent Predetermination of Generator Tripping Scheme: Knowledge Fusion-based Deep Reinforcement Learning Framework

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第1期10卷 66-75页

作者： Lingkang Zeng Wei Yao Ze Hu Hang Shuai Zhouping Li Jinyu Wen Shijie Cheng State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology School of Electrical and Electronics EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China Dispatching and Control Center Central China Branch of State Grid Corporation of ChinaWuhan 430077China. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Generator tripping scheme(GTS)is the most commonly used scheme to prevent power systems from losing safety and ***,GTS is composed of offline predetermination and real-time scenario ***,it is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive for manual predetermination for a large-scale modern power *** improve efficiency of predetermination,this paper proposes a framework of knowledge fusion-based deep reinforcement learning(KF-DRL)for intelligent predetermination of ***,the Markov Decision Process(MDP)for GTS problem is formulated based on transient instability ***,linear action space is developed to reduce dimensionality of action space for multiple controllable ***,KF-DRL leverages domain knowledge about GTS to mask invalid actions during the decision-making *** can enhance the efficiency and learning ***,the graph convolutional network(GCN)is introduced to the policy network for enhanced learning *** simulation results obtained on New England power system demonstrate superiority of the proposed KF-DRL framework for GTS over the purely data-driven DRL method.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning generator tripping scheme graph convolutional network invalid action masking knowledgefusion

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Generative AI based Secure Wireless Sensing for ISAC Networks

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IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 2025年 20卷 5195-5210页

作者： Wang, Jiacheng Du, Hongyang Liu, Yinqiu Sun, Geng Niyato, Dusit Mao, Shiwen Kim, Dong In Shen, Xuemin Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pok Fu Lam Hong Kong Jilin University College of Computer Science and Technology 130012 China Auburn University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn United States Sungkyunkwan University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Suwon16419 Korea Republic of University of Waterloo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Canada

Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) is one of the crucial technologies for 6G, and channel state information (CSI) based sensing serves as an essential part of ISAC. However, current research on ISAC focuses mainly on improving sensing performance, overlooking security issues, particularly the unauthorized sensing of users. Hence, this paper proposes a diffusion model based secure sensing system (DFSS). Specifically, we first propose a discrete conditional diffusion model to generate graphs with nodes and edges, which guides the ISAC system to appropriately activate wireless links and nodes, ensuring the sensing performance while minimizing the operation cost. Using the activated links and nodes, DFSS then employs the continuous conditional diffusion model to generate safeguarding signals, which are next modulated onto the pilot at the transmitter to mask fluctuations caused by user activities. As such, only authorized ISAC devices with the safeguarding signals can extract the true CSI for sensing, while unauthorized devices are unable to perform the effective sensing. Experiment results demonstrate that DFSS can reduce the activity recognition accuracy of the unauthorized devices by approximately 70%, effectively shield the user from the illegitimate surveillance. © 2005-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Sensors Wireless communication Diffusion models Wireless sensor networks Communication system security Performance evaluation Security Integrated sensing and communication Fluctuations Accuracy

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SFI-Swin: symmetric face inpainting with swin transformer by distinctly learning face components distributions

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第17期84卷 17581-17595页

作者： Givkashi, MohammadHossein Naderi, MohammadReza Karimi, Nader Shirani, Shahram Samavi, Shadrokh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan84156-83111 Iran Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4L8 Canada Computer Science Department Seattle University Seattle98122 United States

Image inpainting consists of filling holes or missing parts of an image. Inpainting face images with symmetric characteristics is more challenging than inpainting a natural scene. None of the powerful existing models can fill out the missing parts of an image while considering the symmetry and homogeneity of the picture. Moreover, the metrics that assess a repaired face image quality cannot measure the preservation of symmetry between the rebuilt and existing parts of a face. In this paper, we intend to solve the symmetry problem in the face inpainting task by using multiple discriminators that check each face organ’s reality separately and a transformer-based network. We also propose "symmetry concentration score" as a new metric for measuring the symmetry of a repaired face image. The quantitative and qualitative results show the superiority of our proposed method compared to some of the recently proposed algorithms in terms of the reality, symmetry, and homogeneity of the inpainted parts. The code for the proposed method is available at https://***/mohammadrezanaderi4/SFI-Swin. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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Electricity Market-Clearing with Extreme Events

IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation

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IEEE Transactions on Energy Markets, Policy and Regulation 2024年第2期3卷 194-208页

作者： Tapia, Tomas Liang, Zhiriu Konstantinou, Charalambos Dvorkin, Yury Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA Department of Computer Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Makkah Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Department of Civil and System Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA

Extreme events jeopardize power network operations, causing beyond-design failures and massive supply interruptions. Existing market designs fail to internalize and systematically assess the risk of extreme and rare events. Efficiently maintaining the reliability of renewable-dominant power systems during extreme weather events requires co-optimizing system resources, while differentiating between large/rare and small/frequent deviations from forecast conditions. To address this gap in both research and practice, we propose managing the uncertainties associated with extreme weather events through an additional reserve service, termed extreme reserve. The procurement of extreme reserve is co-optimized with energy and regular reserve using a large deviation theory chance-constrained (LDT-CC) model, where LDT offers a mathematical framework to quantify the increased uncertainty during extreme events. To mitigate the high additional costs associated with reserve scheduling under the LDT-CC model, we also propose an LDT model based on weighted chance constraints (LDT-WCC). This model prepares the power system for extreme events at a lower cost, making it a less conservative alternative to the LDTCC model. The proposed market design leads to a competitive equilibrium while ensuring cost recovery. Numerical experiments on an illustrative system and a modified 8-zone ISO New England system highlight the advantages of the proposed market design. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Weather forecasting

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Deep Learning-Based Cloud Security: Innovative Attack Detection and Privacy Focused Key Management

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IEEE Transactions on computers 2025年第6期74卷 1978-1989页

作者： Ahmad, Shahnawaz Arif, Mohd Mehfuz, Shabana Ahmad, Javed Nazim, Mohd Bennett University School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology Greater Noida201310 India Galgotias University School of Computer Science & Engineering Greater Noida203201 India Jamia Millia Islamia Department of Electrical Engineering New Delhi110025 India Sharda University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sharda School of Engineering and Technology Greater Noida201310 India Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering School of Computer Science and IT Greater Noida201306 India

Cloud Computing (CC) is widely adopted in sectors like education, healthcare, and banking due to its scalability and cost-effectiveness. However, its internet-based nature exposes it to cyber threats, necessitating advanced security frameworks. Traditional models suffer from high false positives and limited adaptability. To address these challenges, VECGLSTM, an attack detection model integrating Variable Long Short-Term Memory (VLSTM), capsule networks, and the Enhanced Gannet Optimization Algorithm (EGOA), is introduced. This hybrid approach enhances accuracy, reduces false positives, and dynamically adapts to evolving threats. EGOA is employed for its superior optimization capability, ensuring faster convergence and resilience. Additionally, Chaotic Cryptographic Pelican Tunicate Swarm Optimization (CCPTSO) is proposed for privacy-preserving key management. This model combines chaotic cryptographic techniques with the Pelican Tunicate Swarm Optimization Algorithm (PTSOA), leveraging the pelican algorithm’s exploration strength and the tunicate swarm’s exploitation ability for optimal encryption security. Performance evaluation demonstrates 99.675% accuracy, 99.5175% recall, 99.7075% precision, and 99.615% F1-score, along with reduced training (1.79s), encryption (0.986s), and decryption (1.029s) times. This research significantly enhances CC security by providing a scalable, adaptive framework that effectively counters evolving cyber threats while ensuring efficient key management. © 1968-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud security

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Noisy Computing of the Threshold Function 36

Noisy Computing of the Threshold Function

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36th International Conference on Algorithmic Learning Theory, ALT 2025

作者： Wang, Ziao Ghaddar, Nadim Zhu, Banghua Wang, Lele Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Washington United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of British Columbia Canada

Coping with noise in computing is an important problem to consider in large systems. With applications in fault tolerance (Hastad et al., 1987;Pease et al., 1980;Pippenger et al., 1991), noisy sorting (Shah and Wainwright, 2018;Agarwal et al., 2017;Falahatgar et al., 2017;Heckel et al., 2019;Wang et al., 2024a;Gu and Xu, 2023;Kunisky et al., 2024), noisy searching (Berlekamp, 1964;Horstein, 1963;Burnashev and Zigangirov, 1974;Pelc, 1989;Karp and Kleinberg, 2007), among many others, the goal is to devise algorithms with the minimum number of queries that are robust enough to detect and correct the errors that can happen during the computation. In this work, we consider the noisy computing of the threshold-k function. For n Boolean variables x = (x1, ..., xn) ∈ {0, 1}n, the threshold-k function THk(·) computes whether the number of 1's in x is at least k or not, i.e., (Equation presented) The noisy queries correspond to noisy readings of the bits, where at each time step, the agent queries one of the bits, and with probability p, the wrong value of the bit is returned. It is assumed that the constant p ∈ (0, 1/2) is known to the agent. Our goal is to characterize the optimal query complexity for computing the THk function with error probability at most δ. This model for noisy computation of the THk function has been studied by Feige et al. (1994), where the order of the optimal query complexity is established;however, the exact tight characterization of the optimal number of queries is still open. In this paper, our main contribution is tightening this gap by providing new upper and lower bounds for the computation of the THk function, which simultaneously improve the existing upper and lower bounds. The main result of this paper can be stated as follows: for any 1 ≤ k ≤ n, there exists an algorithm that computes the THk function with an error probability at most δ = o(1), and the algorithm uses at most (Equation presented) queries in expectation. Here we define m (Eq

关键词： Active learning

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