Wind power plants(WPPs)are increasingly mandated to provide temporary frequency support to power systems during contingencies involving significant power ***,the frequency support capabilities of WPPs under derated op...
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Wind power plants(WPPs)are increasingly mandated to provide temporary frequency support to power systems during contingencies involving significant power ***,the frequency support capabilities of WPPs under derated operations remain insufficiently investigated,highlighting the potential for further improvement of the frequency *** paper proposes a bi-level optimized temporary frequency support(OTFS)strategy for a *** implementation of the OTFS strategy is collaboratively accomplished by individual wind turbine(WT)controllers and the central WPP ***,to exploit the frequency support capability of WTs,the stable operational region of WTs is expanded by developing a novel dynamic power control approach in WT *** approach synergizes the WTs'temporary frequency support with the secondary frequency control of synchronous generators,enabling WTs to release more kinetic energy without causing a secondary frequency ***,a model predictive control strategy is developed for the WPP *** strategy ensures that multiple WTs operating within the expanded stable region are coordinated to minimize the magnitude of the frequency drop through efficient kinetic energy ***,comprehensive case studies are conducted on a real-time simulation platform to validate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
In this paper, we construct Error-Correcting Graph Codes. An error-correcting graph code of distance δ is a family C of graphs, on a common vertex set of size n, such that if we start with any graph in C, we would ha...
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DolphinAttacks (i.e., inaudible voice commands) modulate audible voices over ultrasounds to inject malicious commands silently into voice assistants and manipulate controlled systems (e.g., doors or smart speakers). E...
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DolphinAttacks (i.e., inaudible voice commands) modulate audible voices over ultrasounds to inject malicious commands silently into voice assistants and manipulate controlled systems (e.g., doors or smart speakers). Eliminating DolphinAttacks is challenging if ever possible since it requires to modify the microphone hardware. In this paper, we design EarArray, a lightweight method that can not only detect such attacks but also identify the direction of attackers without requiring any extra hardware or hardware modification. Essentially, inaudible voice commands are modulated on ultrasounds that inherently attenuate faster than the one of audible sounds. By inspecting the command sound signals via the built-in multiple microphones on smart devices, EarArray is able to estimate the attenuation rate and thus detect the attacks. We propose a model of the propagation of audible sounds and ultrasounds from the sound source to a voice assistant, e.g., a smart speaker, and illustrate the underlying principle and its feasibility. We implemented EarArray using two specially-designed microphone arrays and our experiments show that EarArray can detect inaudible voice commands with an accuracy of above 99% and recognize the direction of the attackers with an accuracy of 97.89% and can also detect the laser-based attack with an accuracy of 100%. IEEE
Machine learning-based detection of false data injection attacks (FDIAs) in smart grids relies on labeled measurement data for training and testing. The majority of existing detectors are developed assuming that the a...
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Machine learning-based detection of false data injection attacks (FDIAs) in smart grids relies on labeled measurement data for training and testing. The majority of existing detectors are developed assuming that the adopted datasets for training have correct labeling information. However, such an assumption is not always valid as training data might include measurement samples that are incorrectly labeled as benign, namely, adversarial data poisoning samples, which have not been detected before. Neglecting such an aspect makes detectors susceptible to data poisoning. Our investigations revealed that detection rates (DRs) of existing detectors significantly deteriorate by up to 9-29% when subject to data poisoning in generalized and topology-specific settings. Thus, we propose a generalized graph neural network-based anomaly detector that is robust against FDIAs and data poisoning. It requires only benign datasets for training and employs an autoencoder with Chebyshev graph convolutional recurrent layers with attention mechanism to capture the spatial and temporal correlations within measurement data. The proposed convolutional recurrent graph autoencoder model is trained and tested on various topologies (from 14, 39, and 118-bus systems). Due to such factors, it yields stable generalized detection performance that is degraded by only 1.6-3.7% in DR against high levels of data poisoning and unseen FDIAs in unobserved topologies. Impact Statement-Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are used in smart grids to detect cyberattacks. They can automatically detect malicious actions carried out bymalicious entities that falsifymeasurement data within power grids. Themajority of such systems are data-driven and rely on labeled data for model training and testing. However, datasets are not always correctly labeled since malicious entities might be carrying out cyberattacks without being detected, which leads to training on mislabeled datasets. Such actions might degrade the d
Recently, deep learning has been widely employed across various domains. The Convolution Neural Network (CNN), a popular deep learning algorithm, has been successfully utilized in object recognition tasks, such as fac...
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This work presents an accelerator that performs blind deblurring based on the dark channel prior. The alternating minimization algorithm is leveraged for latent image and blur kernel estimation. A 2-D Laplace equation...
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The Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) demonstrate strong performance;however, there remains room for improvement in convergence and practical applications. This study intro...
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The Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) demonstrate strong performance;however, there remains room for improvement in convergence and practical applications. This study introduces a hybrid optimization algorithm, named the adaptive inertia weight whale optimization algorithm and gannet optimization algorithm (AIWGOA), which addresses challenges in enhancing handwritten documents. The hybrid strategy integrates the strengths of both algorithms, significantly enhancing their capabilities, whereas the adaptive parameter strategy mitigates the need for manual parameter setting. By amalgamating the hybrid strategy and parameter-adaptive approach, the Gannet Optimization Algorithm was refined to yield the AIWGOA. Through a performance analysis of the CEC2013 benchmark, the AIWGOA demonstrates notable advantages across various metrics. Subsequently, an evaluation index was employed to assess the enhanced handwritten documents and images, affirming the superior practical application of the AIWGOA compared with other algorithms.
This article presents an initial solution based selective harmonic elimination (SHE) method for multilevel inverter (MLI) that aims to solve SHE problem with high accuracy while significantly reducing the number of it...
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Amidst rising distributed generation and its potential role in grid management, this article presents a new realistic approach to determine the operational space and flexibility potential of an unbalanced active distr...
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In this paper, we present a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (deep RL) framework for network slicing in a dynamic environment with multiple base stations and multiple users. In particular, we propose a novel de...
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