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IEEE Southeastcon

作者： Yazan A. Alqudah Hakki Erhan Sevil Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of West Florida (UWF) Pensacola FL USA Department of Intelligent Systems and Robotics University of West Florida (UWF) Pensacola FL USA

This paper investigates the impact of measurements availability on the accuracy of position prediction using a mobile device equipped with GPS, acceleration, and gyro sensors. The paper also discusses the effects of the sampling factor for the available data. The experiment results emphasize the importance of sampling factor in achieving robust and reliable location estimation, particularly in challenging environments where GPS signals may be intermittent or compromised. The insights gained from this study may contribute to the advancement of location estimation-based applications, fostering improved autonomous systems in real-world scenarios.

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Towards Instance Segmentation-Based Litter Collection with Multi-Rotor Aerial Vehicle

Towards Instance Segmentation-Based Litter Collection with M...

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International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft systems (ICUAS)

作者： Filip Zoric Antonio Franchi Matko Orsag Zdenko Kovacic Chiara Gabellieri Laboratory for Robotics and Intelligent Control Systems (LARICS) at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia Robotics and Mechatronics Group from the University of Twente Department of Computer Control and Management Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798350357882

ISBN: (纸本)9798350357899

This paper presents a novel aerial robotics application of instance segmentation-based floating litter collection with a multi-rotor aerial vehicle (MRAV). In the scope of the paper, we present a review of the available datasets for litter detection and segmentation. The reviewed datasets are used to train a Mask-RCNN neural network for instance segmentation. The neural network is off-board deployed on an edge computing device and used for litter position estimation. Based on the estimated litter position, we plan a path based on a quadratic Bezier curve for the litter pickup. We compare different trajectory generation methods for the object pickup. The system is verified in a laboratory environment. Eventually, we present practical considerations and improvements necessary to enable autonomous litter collection with MRAV.

关键词： Instance segmentation Reviews Neural networks Laboratories Estimation Trajectory Aircraft

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A Theoretical and Practical Framework for Evaluating Uncertainty Calibration in Object Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Conde, Pedro Lopes, Rui L. Premebida, Cristiano Institute os Systems and Robotics Department Of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Portugal Critical Software S.A. Portugal

The proliferation of Deep Neural Networks has resulted in machine learning systems becoming increasingly more present in various real-world applications. Consequently, there is a growing demand for highly reliable models in many domains, making the problem of uncertainty calibration pivotal when considering the future of deep learning. This is especially true when considering object detection systems, that are commonly present in safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving, robotics and medical diagnosis. For this reason, this work presents a novel theoretical and practical framework to evaluate object detection systems in the context of uncertainty calibration. This encompasses a new comprehensive formulation of this concept through distinct formal definitions, and also three novel evaluation metrics derived from such theoretical foundation. The robustness of the proposed uncertainty calibration metrics is shown through a series of representative experiments. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Calibration

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TReCiM: Lower Power and Temperature-Resilient Multibit 2FeFET-1T Compute-in-Memory Design 24

TReCiM: Lower Power and Temperature-Resilient Multibit 2FeFE...

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43rd International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, ICCAD 2024

作者： Zhou, Yifei Kämpfe, Thomas Ni, Kai Amrouch, Hussam Zhuo, Cheng Yin, Xunzhao Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Fraunhofer IPMS Dresden Germany Department of Electrical Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame United States Technical University of Munich TUM School of Computation Information and Technology Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence Munich Germany Key Laboratory of Collaborative Sensing and Autonomous Unmanned Systems of Zhejiang Province China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400710773

Compute-in-memory (CiM) emerges as a promising solution to solve hardware challenges in artificial intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT), particularly addressing the"memory wall" issue. By utilizing nonvolatile memory (NVM) devices in a crossbar structure, CiM efficiently accelerates multiply-accumulate (MAC) computations, the crucial operations in neural networks and other AI models. Among various NVM devices, Ferroelectric FET (FeFET) is particularly appealing for ultra-low-power CiM arrays due to its CMOS compatibility, voltage-driven write/read mechanisms and high ION/IOFF ratio. Moreover, subthreshold-operated FeFETs, which operate at scaling voltages in the subthreshold region, can further minimize the power consumption of CiM array. However, subthreshold-FeFETs are susceptible to temperature drift, resulting in computation accuracy degradation. Existing solutions exhibit weak temperature resilience at larger array size and only support 1-bit. In this paper, we propose TReCiM, an ultra-low-power temperature-resilient multibit 2FeFET-1T CiM design that reliably performs MAC operations in the subthreshold-FeFET region with temperature ranging from 0°C to 85°C at scale. We benchmark our design using NeuroSim framework in the context of VGG-8 neural network architecture running the CIFAR-10 dataset. Benchmarking results suggest that when considering temperature drift impact, our proposed TReCiM array achieves 91.31% accuracy, with 1.86% accuracy improvement compared to existing 1-bit 2T-1FeFET CiM array. Furthermore, our proposed design achieves 48.03 TOPS/W energy efficiency at system level, comparable to existing designs with smaller technology feature sizes. © 2024 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： MISFET devices

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Robot Embodied Dynamic Tactile Perception of Liquid in Containers 23

Robot Embodied Dynamic Tactile Perception of Liquid in Conta...

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23rd IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, Humanoids 2024

作者： Xu, Yingtian Ma, Yichen Lin, Waner Sun, Zhenglong Zhang, Tianwei Wang, Ziya The Chinese Univ of Hong Kong School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen518172 China Shenzhen University Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems Ministry of Education School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen518060 China Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Department of Micro-Nano Electronics Shanghai200240 China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen518129 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373578

Humans perceive objects and environments actively and dynamically using tactile sensing facilitated by the skin. However, due to the gap in sensing capabilities between electronic skin and human skin, it remains a challenge for robots to achieve intricate tactile perception. For example, the task of liquid properties estimation within containers, demands sensing and comprehension of complex dynamic tactile signals during contact. This paper introduces a novel tactile fingertip inspired by human skin enabling both static tactile sensing facilitated by a layer of porous piezoresistive elastomer and dynamic tactile sensing enabled by condenser microphones. A data-driven methodology is employed to analyze liquids through multimodal signals devoid of physical modelling. The proposed robotic system engages in shaking various bottles filled with different volumes of water, allowing the tactile fingertip to detect changes in grasping force caused by shaking and small vibrations caused by the collision of the container with liquid. Five machine learning models trained on these tactile signals are analyzed and compared. Experimental results demonstrate the proficiency of the tactile system in distinguishing liquid fill percentages across bottles of different shapes and capacities with a remarkable accuracy of 98%. This paper holds promise for advancing the embodied intelligence of robots, enhancing their ability to perceive mixed tactile signals dynamically, thereby facilitating tasks such as liquid estimation and other intricate tactile operations in environments like kitchens and hospitals. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Bottles

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HO-FMN: Hyperparameter Optimization for Fast Minimum-Norm Attacks

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mura, Raffaele Floris, Giuseppe Scionis, Luca Piras, Giorgio Pintor, Maura Demontis, Ambra Giacinto, Giorgio Biggio, Battista Roli, Fabio University of Cagliari Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Cagliari Italy Sapienza University of Rome Department of Computer Engineering Rome Italy University of Genoa Department of Computer Science Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering Genoa Italy

Gradient-based attacks are a primary tool to evaluate robustness of machine-learning models. However, many attacks tend to provide overly-optimistic evaluations as they use fixed loss functions, optimizers, step-size schedulers, and default hyperparameters. In this work, we tackle these limitations by proposing a parametric variation of the well-known fast minimum-norm attack algorithm, whose loss, optimizer, step-size scheduler, and hyperparameters can be dynamically adjusted. We re-evaluate 12 robust models, showing that our attack finds smaller adversarial perturbations without requiring any additional tuning. This also enables reporting adversarial robustness as a function of the perturbation budget, providing a more complete evaluation than that offered by fixed-budget attacks, while remaining efficient. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Machine learning

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CUPREDS: Multi-sensor Point Cloud Mapping for Local Navigation

CUPREDS: Multi-sensor Point Cloud Mapping for Local Navigati...

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IEEE International Conference on Autonomous Robot systems and Competitions (ICARSC)

作者： Carlos Tojal Luis Conde Bento Paulo Peixoto Institute of Systems and Robotics University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal ESTG Polytechnic Institute of Leiria Leiria Portugal Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal

ISBN: (数字)9798350352344

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352351

Robot mapping usually benefits from the combination of several sensors. However, most algorithms for Simultaneous Localization And Mapping using point clouds only consider a single point cloud as input. There are also scenarios where SLAM is not needed and a simple local map representation without probabilities is preferred, for example due to throughput requirements. For these scenarios, software is needed that combines multiple point clouds into a unified, short-lived, robot-centric representation. Mapping software is only one tool in the software stack and should not compromise other components, which is why its performance-oriented design is of utmost importance. CUPREDS presents a ROS package for local mapping that prioritizes robustness and performance, with minimal overhead for its internal mechanisms.

关键词： Point cloud compression Simultaneous localization and mapping Navigation Software architecture Software algorithms Throughput Software

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Hardware-in-the-loop and Digital Twin Enabled Autonomous robotics-assisted Environment Inspection 6

Hardware-in-the-loop and Digital Twin Enabled Autonomous Rob...

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6th International Symposium on Autonomous systems, ISAS 2023

作者： Li, Johnny Shang, Bo Jayawardana, Iresh Chen, Genda University of Idaho Precision Agriculture and Intelligent Robotics Laboratory Department of Soil and Water Systems MoscowID83844 United States Department of Electrical Engineering New YorkNY10031 United States Missouri University of Science and Technology Center for Intelligent Infrastructure RollaMO65409-0810 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316155

Empowered by the advanced 3D sensing, computer vision and AI algorithm, autonomous robotics provide an unprecedented possibility for close-up infrastructure environment inspection in an efficient and reliable fashion. Deep neural network (DNN) learning algorithms, pretrained on the large database can empower real-time object detection as well as fully autonomous, safe robotic navigation in unstructured environments while avoiding the potential obstacle. However, the development and deployment of the robots, inspection planning and operation procedures are still tedious and segmented with tremendous manual intervention during environmental inspection and anomaly monitoring. The proposed digital twin approach is able to provide a virtual representation model of the target environment either from a build-design or from 3D scanning of the real-world physical assets at high resolution in the Unity simulation environment, a transverse drone robot model and test its robotics Operating System(ROS) autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance software stack, and the hardware-in-the-loop test can thus be conducted for the flight control algorithm effectiveness and real-time object detection performance evaluation. The preliminary result shows that VGG16-UNet deep learning algorithm was able to use only a small amount of guidance and time from experienced inspection pilots to successfully identify the critical elements and defects and real-time navigate around the unstructured environment. The proposed digital twin framework and methodology is promising to be utilized for developing and testing fully autonomous inspection robots and its path planning and navigation and detection operation with greater cost- and time-efficiency. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Crack detection

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Learnable Data Augmentation for One-Shot Unsupervised Domain Adaptation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Carrazco, Julio Ivan Davila Morerio, Pietro Del Bue, Alessio Murino, Vittorio Italian Institute of Technology Genoa Italy Department of Computer Science University of Verona Verona Italy Department of Computer Science and Technology Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genova Genoa Italy Department of Marine Electrical Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genova Genoa Italy

This paper presents a classification framework based on learnable data augmentation to tackle the One-Shot Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (OS-UDA) problem. OS-UDA is the most challenging setting in Domain Adaptation, as only one single unlabeled target sample is assumed to be available for model adaptation. Driven by such single sample, our method LearnAug-UDA learns how to augment source data, making it perceptually similar to the target. As a result, a classifier trained on such augmented data will generalize well for the target domain. To achieve this, we designed an encoder-decoder architecture that exploits a perceptual loss and style transfer strategies to augment the source data. Our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on two well-known Domain Adaptation benchmarks, DomainNet and VisDA. The project code is available at https://***/IIT-PAVIS/LearnAug-UDA. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Machine learning approaches for predicting Ankle Dorsi Plantar Moments in Cerebral Palsy gait analysis: A comparative study

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Gait & Posture 2024年 113卷 198-199页

作者： Mustafa Erkam Özates Firooz Salami Sebastian I. Wolf Yunus Ziya Arslan Turkish German University Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering- Faculty of Engineering Istanbul Turkey Heidelberg University Hospital Clinic for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery Heidelberg Germany Turkish German University Department of Robotics and Intelligent Systems- Institute of Graduate Studies in Science and Engineering- Istanbul Turkey

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