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Visualization of Stress-Strain Distribution on Fatigue Crack With Grain-Level Spatial Resolution via Self-Magnetic Flux Density

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Dewa Made Oka Dharmawan, I. Lee, Jinyi Graduate School of Chosun University Department of Control Instrumentation and Robot Engineering Gwangju61452 Korea Republic of Chosun University Department of Electronic Engineering Gwangju61452 Korea Republic of

Fatigue crack - known for its unpredictability and rapid propagation - is influenced by various physical and chemical factors. A promising approach to understanding crack nucleation and growth involves visualizing local stresses and phase changes around defects. To achieve high-resolution mapping, ideally at the grain level, we propose a method to detect stress-strain maps through self-magnetic flux density (MFD) distribution using a linear three-axis tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) sensor that measures in all orthogonal directions. Theoretical and experimental bases for the reciprocal relationship between stress components and MFD distribution are discussed. Experiments are conducted on three specimens with artificially induced fatigue cracks generated using a compact test (CT). The defect depths vary from 3 to 7 mm, at depth angles of 0°, 30°, and 60°. These experiments successfully map grain-level stress concentrations near the crack tip, identifying the stress concentration zone (SCZ). This analysis should enhance our understanding of stress-strain behavior associated with fatigue cracks, enabling early detection. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Fatigue crack

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MULSAM: Multidimensional Attention with Hardware Acceleration for Efficient Intrusion Detection on Vehicular CAN Bus

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IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年

作者： Xu, He Shi, Xiaokang Liu, Hansheng Wang, Yanwen Lu, Jiwu Zeng, Haibo Li, Renfa Wu, Di Hunan University National Engineering Research Center for Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology Hunan Changsha410082 China Hunan University College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan Changsha410082 China Hunan University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518000 China Virginia Tech Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering BlacksburgVA24061 United States Hunan University College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan Changsha410082 China

controller Area Network (CAN) protocol is an efficient standard enabling communication among electronic control Units (ECUs). However, the CAN bus is vulnerable to malicious attacks because of a lack of defense features. In this article, a novel vehicle Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is developed. The challenge is that existing techniques of Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) rarely consider attacks with small-batch, which are characterized by their small attack scale and concealed attack patterns, posing a significant threat to driving safety. To solve this problem, we developed an algorithm model that merges Multi-dimensional Long Short-Term Memory (MD-LSTM) and Self-Attention Mechanism (SAM), shortly named MULSAM. The MULSAM model was compared with other baseline models, including Stacked LSTM, MD-LSTM, etc. Experiments show that our approach has the best detection accuracy (98.98%) and training stability. Further, to speed up the inference of MULSAM on edge, the hardware accelerator is implemented on FPGA devices using technologies such as parallelization, modular, pipeline, and fixed-point quantization. Experiments show that our FPGA-based acceleration scheme has a better energy efficiency than the CPU platform. Even with a certain degree of quantification, the acceleration model for MULSAM still displays a high detection accuracy of 98.81% and a low latency of 1.88 ms. © 1982-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Intrusion detection

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Navigation control for an exploration rover with microwave Doppler sensors (Fabrication of second prototype rover and experiments)

Navigation control for an exploration rover with microwave D...

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2013 IEEE 3rd International Conference on System engineering and Technology, ICSET 2013

作者： Isogai, Masahiro Ito, Michihide Nawa, Yasuhiko Aiki, Kunio Aichi University of Technology Department of Electronic Control and Robot Engineering Gamagori Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479910304

In this study, fist, we conducted a study on the navigation control for a rover using microwave Doppler sensors. Microwave Doppler sensors commonly used in automatic-door systems have been used in a rover navigation system. A collimated microwave beam with an angular width of ±3° at a frequency of 24 GHz was emitted from a sensor (A) on a dish antenna 30 cm in diameter. Another sensor (B), which works as a detector, was installed on the rover. The rover was programmed to make a right turn when the microwave signal was above a specified level and to make a left turn when the signal was than that level. The rover started from a point 70 m away and approached to within 1.5 m of sensor A. This navigation method is useful when GPS is not usable. Second, we proposed a method to avoid irregular surfaces on a ground because the prototype rover we have previously developed could not be navigated owing to the cut of the microwave beam by large irregularity of ground surfaces. In this study, second prototype rover with a function of avoiding the irregular ground surfaces was fabricated and we confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method through some experiments. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Rovers

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Measurement of surface stress-strain distribution inside a grain of carbon steel via optical microscope

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Measurement 2025年 255卷

作者： I Dewa Made Oka Dharmawan Jinyi Lee Department of Control Instrumentation and Robot Engineering Graduate School of Chosun University Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in IT-BIO Convergence System Chosun University Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Engineering Chosun University Gwangju 61452 Republic of Korea

The advancement of alloys and steel in engineering highlights the critical need for robust methods to ensure structural integrity. While traditional Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDT/E) techniques provide valuable insights, they often fail to detect pre-existing stress conditions that contribute to fatigue cracks. Recent approaches have addressed this limitation by analyzing stress and strain at the grain level using advanced measurement systems—often based on diffraction techniques—integrated with Finite Element Method (FEM) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) platforms. However, the application of these techniques for in-service inspections remains limited by challenges in accessibility, cost, and scalability. To overcome these issues, an integrated 2D surface system combining optical microscopy with DIC and grain-level analysis within the FEM framework is proposed. This method enables efficient visualization of grain-level deformation and stress distribution, thereby providing deeper insights into the microstructural behavior of polycrystalline materials under external loads. The proposed methodology is theoretically outlined and validated through simulations and experimental analyses, demonstrating its potential as a practical solution for in-service inspections. Ultimately, this approach is expected to advance inspection techniques by offering an accessible and scalable tool for monitoring microstructural behavior and identifying potential failure mechanisms through surface analysis.

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Navigation control for exploration rover with Microwave Doppler sensors

Navigation control for exploration rover with Microwave Dopp...

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IEEE/ASME (AIM) International Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mechatronics

作者： Masahiro Isogai Yasuhiko Nawa Yuya Usui Kunio Aiki Department of Electronic Control and Robot Engineering Aichi University of Technology Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467353199

Microwave Doppler sensors commonly used in automatic-door systems have been used in a rover navigation system. A collimated microwave beam with an angular width of ±3° at a frequency of 24 GHz was emitted from a sensor (A) on a dish antenna 30 cm in diameter. Another sensor (B), which works as a detector, was installed on the rover. The rover was programmed to make a right turn when the microwave signal was above a specified level and to make a left turn when the signal was than that level. The rover started from a point 70 m away and approached to within 1.5 m of sensor A in 4-5 min. This navigation method is useful when GPS is not usable.

关键词： Sensors Microwave antennas Microwave circuits Base stations Microwave amplifiers Navigation

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Automatic basketball detection in sport video based on R-FCN and soft-NMS 2019

Automatic basketball detection in sport video based on R-FCN...

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4th International Conference on Automation, control and robotics engineering, CACRE 2019

作者： Liang, Qiaokang Mei, Li Wu, Wanneng Sun, Wei Wang, Yaonan Zhang, Dan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robot Technology in Electronic Manufacturing National Engineering Laboratory for Robot Vision Perception and Control Hunan University Changsha410082 China Department of Mechanical Engineering York University TorontoM3J 1P3 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450371865

In basketball videos, the ball is always so small in the camera that its appearance feature is hard to be extracted. In this paper, we introduce a deep-learning technology to detect the basketball. Specifically, we train our basketball detection model based on the Region-based Fully Convolutional Networks (R-FCN) which uses the fully convolutional Residual Network (ResNet) as the backbone network. What’s more, we apply some new techniques including Online Hard Example Mining (OHEM), Soft-NMS and multi-scale training strategy to achieve higher detection accuracy. In detail, the OHEM method can reduce the cost of fine-tuning during training by calculating the loss of the RoIs. Soft-NMS can reduce the false positive rate by decreasing the object detection score between the overlap object. And the multi-scale training can improve the detection performance by receiving the good feature from the object with different scale. Finally, we achieve a mean average precision (mAP) value of 89.7% on a public basketball dataset. It proves that applying the deep-learning approach to basketball detection is effective. © 2019 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Object recognition

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Locomotion mechanism and control method for a microrobot using the difference in the vibration characteristics of the legs (development of controller for experiments on frequency characteristics of running microrobot)

Locomotion mechanism and control method for a microrobot usi...

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International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (MHS)

作者： Masahiro Isogai Department of Electronic Control and Robot Engineering Aichi University of Technology Gamagori Japan

In recent years, various investigations have been conducted on microrobots by many researchers, and contests are held throughout the year with the aim of developing microrobot technologies. As a result, various types of microrobots have been proposed including motor-type, piezoelectric-element-type, and electromagnet-type microrobots. To date, the author's research group has been studying a locomotion mechanism and a control method for an electromagnet-type microrobot, which has a volume of 1cm3. In a previous study by the author, a structure and a control method that enable a microrobot with only one electromagnet coil to turn were proposed, and the characteristics of a running microrobot were investigated through some experiments. Here, theoretical confirmation of the effectiveness of the proposed method requires a mathematical model of the motion of the microrobot and some experiments with sinusoidal signals to indicate the validity of the mathematical model. So, the purpose of this paper is to develop experimental equipment including a controller which can generate sinusoidal signals. The basic function of the developed controller was confirmed through some experiments.

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Navigation control for an exploration rover with microwave Doppler sensors (Fabrication of second prototype rover and experiments)

Navigation control for an exploration rover with microwave D...

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IEEE International Conference on System engineering and Technology

作者： Masahiro Isogai Michihide Ito Yasuhiko Nawa Kunio Aiki Department of Electronic Control and Robot Engineering Aichi University of Technology Gamagori Japan

关键词： Sensors Microwave antennas Navigation Microwave circuits Base stations Doppler effect

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Locomotion mechanism and control method for a microrobot using the difference in the vibration characteristics of the legs (fabrication of a prototype microrobot;preliminary experiments and experiments in turning control)

Locomotion mechanism and control method for a microrobot usi...

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International Symposium on Micromechatronics and Human Science (MHS)

作者： Masahiro Isogai Department of Electronic Control and Robot Engineering Aichi University of Technology Gamagori Japan

Recently, microrobots have been the subject of a large number of studies, and contests are held throughout the year with the aim of developing microrobot technologies. As a result, various types of microrobots have been proposed including motor-type, piezoelectric-element-type, and electromagnet-type microrobots. This study considers a novel locomotion mechanism and a control method for an electromagnet-type microrobot that can not only travel in a straight line, but can also turn using just a single electromagnet that utilizes the difference in the vibration characteristics of the left and right legs. In this study, a control method to change the turning radius is proposed, and a prototype microrobot and controller are fabricated. In addition, the characteristics of the turning radius are investigated and the effectiveness of the proposed control method is verified through experiments.

关键词： Turning

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Wireless remote control for an electromagnet-type moving microrobot (experimental results for legs' vibrations and straight runs)

Wireless remote control for an electromagnet-type moving mic...

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SICE Annual Conference

作者： Masahiro Isogai Daisuke Kobayashi Department of Electronic Control and Robot Engineering Aichi University of Technology Aichi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914951

Recently, many researchers have been studying microrobots. Moreover, yearly contests have been held in order to develop microrobot technologies. As a result of these activities, various types of microrobot have been proposed, including motor-type, piezoelectric-element-type, and electromagnet-type microrobots. To date, the authors' research group has been studying a locomotion mechanism and control method for an electromagnet-type microrobot, which has a volume of 1[cm 3 ]. The proposed microrobot has a feature of being able to turn with single electromagnet coil using the difference of the vibration characteristics of the legs. In this paper, we propose a wireless remote control method for the microrobot, using the feature of the locomotion mechanism and control method we have proposed previously. To show the fundamental function of the wireless remote control method proposed, we report on some experimental results for legs' vibrations and straight runs of the microrobots.

关键词： Field effect transistors Light emitting diodes Switches Wireless sensor networks Wireless communication Legged locomotion

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