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Multi-Scale Analysis Combined Operando Elemental/Spectroscopic Measurement Techniques in Oxide-Type All-Solid-State Na Batteries

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2025年第2期8卷 38-47页

作者： Koji Hiraoka Kazuo Yamamoto Takeshi Kobayashi Tetsuo Sakamoto Shiro Seki Graduate School of Engineering Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Program Kogakuin University Nanostructures Research Laboratory Japan Fine Ceramics Center Energy Transformation Research Laboratory Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Graduate School of Engineering Electrical Engineering and Electronics Program Kogakuin University

Understanding the charge/discharge mechanism of batteries plays an important role in the development of high-performance systems,but extremely complicated reactions are *** these complex phenomena are also bottlenecks for the establishment of all-sol id-state batteries(ASSB),we conducted multi-scale analysis using combined multi-measurement techniques,to directly observe charge/discharge reactions at hierarchical scales for the oxide-type ASSB using Na as the carrier *** particular,all of measurement techniques are applied to cross-section ASSB in the same cell,to complementarily evaluate the elemental distributions and structural *** Operando scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,the Na concentration in the electrode layers changes on the micrometer scale under charge/discharge reactions in the first ***,Operando Raman spectroscopy reveal changes in the bonding states at the atomic scale in the active material,including changes in reversible structural *** cycling the ASSB,the elemental distributions are clearly observed along with the particle shapes and can reveal the Na migration mechanism at the nanometer scale,by time-of-flight secondary ion mass ***,this study can provide a fundamental and comprehensive understanding of the charge/discharge mechanism by observing reaction processes at multiple scales.

关键词： Operando oxide-type all-solid-state battery Raman SEM-EDS sodium battery TOF-SIMS

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Reduced-RSS: Reduced Residual Search Space for Nash Bargaining Solutions

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8215-8225页

作者： Cha, Chaeyeon Park, Hyunggon Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Seoul03760 Korea Republic of

A fair and efficient resource allocation is crucial to maximize the efficiency of vehicular networks with time-varying resources among dynamically changing vehicles. The Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) from the cooperative game theory has been one of the fair and optimal resource management solutions for multiple users. However, the computational complexity required to find the NBS for general utility functions exponentially increases either as the number of users increases or as the resources change over time. This is because the size of bargaining sets where the NBS should be found changes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to reduce the size of the search spaces by considering the adjacent bargaining sets correlated by resource changes. We use the axiom of independence of linear transformations in NBS for the linear approximation of NBS in the adjacent bargaining sets based on its linear transform, leading to reduced residual search space. Moreover, we prove that the NBS is always included in the reduced residual search space based on the axiom of independence of irrelevant alternatives in NBS. Through simulations and experiments on synthetic and real traffic data, we demonstrate that the complexity of existing algorithms for NBS is lowered with the reduced residual search spaces. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： NIST Resource management Heuristic algorithms Vectors Dynamical systems Computational complexity Accuracy Vehicle dynamics Dynamic scheduling System performance

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Fracture Detection in Bone Tissue Models Using H-Slot Shaped Transceiver Resonators

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Progress in Electromagnetics Research C 2025年 151卷 81-89页

作者： Moyo, Wongani Allam, Ahmed Tanemasa, Asano Abdel-Rahman, Adel B. Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering EJUST Alexandria New Borg El-Arab City21934 Egypt Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University Nishi Ku Fukuoka819-0395 Japan Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering South Valley University Qena83523 Egypt

In this paper, a novel H-slot resonator of size 30 mm×20 mm×1.56 mm for fracture detection, backed with a perfect electric conductor (PEC), designed at 2.54 GHz is presented, and its performance is evaluated. Concurrently, an equivalent circuit model of the resonator is developed, and its performance coherently agrees with the CST model. The design is tested using a hybrid tissue phantom based on a second-order Debye dielectric tissue model. The detection of fractures of several thicknesses with a minimum width of 2 mm and a maximum of 10 mm was compared. Overall, the proposed design improves the detection of fractured regions in a bone with a 2 mm crack width as the smallest detectable crack size. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bone

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Variable Length Multi-Objective Whale Optimization for Trust Aware Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Network

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 32100-32121页

作者： Saad, Mohammed Ayad Jaafar, Rosmina Chellappan, Kalaivani Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment Department of Electrical Electronics and System Engineering Selangor Bangi43600 Malaysia Al-Kitab University Department of Medical Instrumentations Technique Engineering Kirkuk36001 Iraq Universitas Airlangga Biomedical Engineering Study Program Faculty of Science and Technology Surabaya60115 Indonesia

Efficient data collection in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is crucial. While traditional approaches rely on stationary data sinks, the use of mobile sinks, like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), has shown promise in enhancing data-gathering capabilities. However, existing methods often overlook the importance of trust, leaving the network susceptible to malicious or faulty nodes. To address this issue, we propose a novel trust-aware data-gathering algorithm, Variable Length Multi-Objective Whale Optimization Data Gathering (VLMOWO-DG). Our algorithm simultaneously optimizes energy consumption, delay, and trust while employing mobile sinks to collect data from sensor nodes. By considering trust as a key performance metric, we improve data reliability and security. The VLMOWO-DG algorithm introduces flexibility through variable-length solution representation and application-oriented operators, allowing for efficient exploration of the solution space. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm significantly outperforms established benchmarks, NSGA-II and NSGA-III, in terms of domination and hypervolume. This leads to a remarkable improvement of 200% in data gathering performance. © 2015 The Authors.

关键词： Data collection

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Physically Aware Wavelength-Routed Optical NoC Design for Customized Topologies with Parallel Switching Elements and Sequence-Based Models 25

Physically Aware Wavelength-Routed Optical NoC Design for Cu...

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30th Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-DAC 2025

作者： Kao, Wei-Yao Lin, Tai-Jung Chang, Yao-Wen Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706356

The wavelength-routed optical network-on-chip (WRONoC) is a promising solution for system-on-chip designs. Recent work in the WRONoC topology designs mainly utilizes crossing switching elements (CSEs) as switching mechanisms on predefined templates. However, using CSEs incurs more microring resonator (MRR) usage and waveguide crossings than parallel switching elements (PSEs), and their predefined templates constrain the solution spaces. To remedy these disadvantages, we propose a fully automated topology design flow that utilizes PSE structures to reduce MRR usage and waveguide crossings. Our add-drop filter sequence model expands the solution space and leverages the advantage of the crossing-free PSE structure. Our fixed-node crossing-aware edge routing effectively minimizes the waveguide crossings, and our A∗-search preserves the admissibility property and guarantees an optimal routing solution. Besides, our design flow thoroughly considers the physical layout information. Experimental results show that our design substantially outperforms state-of-the-art works on customized designs. © 2025 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Network-on-chip

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An Ensemble-Based Classifier to Determine the Harmonic Contribution Responsibility Between Utility’s Grid and Microgrids

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 85873-85881页

作者： Mella, Matheus C. Fernandes, Ricardo A.S Barbosa, Daniel Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering São Carlos Brazil University of São Paulo São Carlos School of Engineering Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering São Carlos Brazil Federal University of Bahia Department of Electrical Engineering Salvador Brazil

The integration of nonlinear loads and distributed energy resources in microgrids (MG) has increased the levels of harmonic distortions in distribution feeders. Identifying the responsibility for the harmonic distortions measured at the MG’s point of common coupling (PCC) is essential for managing the power quality. For this purpose, the present paper aims to determine whether the responsibility predominates from the utility’s grid or the MG itself. Thus, an ensemble-based approach was proposed, comparing the behaviour of Random Forest and XGBoost classifiers to identify the side with the predominant harmonic contribution. In order to validate the proposed approach, scenarios were simulated in the IEEE 34-node test feeder using the ATP/ATPDraw software, considering the harmonic sources located at different nodes of the feeder. Three-phase voltage and current signals were acquired at MG’s PCC to train and validate the ensembles. However, a feature extraction stage was performed to obtain time and frequency features used as inputs to the predictive models. The results demonstrated that the proposed approach effectively identified the contribution side, achieving an average F1-score above 99% for both ensembles, representing a feasible solution for determining the harmonic distortion responsibilities at the MG’s PCC. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Software testing

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Novel Hybrid Algorithm for Investigation of Dissolved Gas Analysis for Alternate Dielectric Fluids of Power Transformer 1

Novel Hybrid Algorithm for Investigation of Dissolved Gas An...

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1st IEEE International Conference on Smart and Sustainable Developments in electrical engineering, SSDEE 2025

作者： Soni, Rahul Raj, Raymon Antony Silwal, Bishal Prasojo, Rahman Azis Darwish, M.M.F. Bakar, Norazhar Abu Electrical and Electronics Engineering Program Navrachana University Gujarat Vadodara India Kongu Engineering College Perundurai Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu Erode India Pulchowk Department of Electrical Engineering Lalitpur Nepal Politeknik Negeri Malang Department of Electrical Engineering Malang Indonesia Shoubra Benha University Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Cairo Egypt Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Faculty of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Perak Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542108

The power transformer is the most important element of equipment in an electrical transmission and distribution network. The power and voltage levels that these transformers can manage determine their size, and as the transformer's volume increases, internal isolation and cooling become more challenging. The most popular insulating fluid used in transformers for insulation and cooling is mineral-based oil, which has demonstrated exceptional dielectric and thermal qualities. However, alternative oil technologies have been sought to replace mineral-based oils in recent years because to concerns about safety, cost, and environmental impact. In this context, extensive research efforts have emerged on biological oils for use in transformers. This paper examines the sustainability, safety, and electrical performance of bio-based ester oil in transformer applications with respect to dissolved gas analysis (DGA). AI-based Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) with Duval's triangle (DT) and Duval's pentagon (DP), IEC, CIGRE reports are used in a hybrid manner to identify the possible incipient faults inside the oil-immersed transformers. The graphical analysis of various fuzzy logic plots along with DT and DP are utilized to critically analyze the possible incipient faults arrayed due to DGA. The proposed work proficient compared to previously published results. Highest efficiency of DT and DP based FLC (92%), followed by furan analysis (82.3%). Lastly, recommendations are made on potential fixes for the problems raised and the future course of study for alternate dielectric fluids-based power transformers. The suggested techniques in this research offer a higher diagnostic accuracy than the present approach. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Power transformers

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Design and Performance Comparison of Current References for a 32-bit Microcontroller Using 22nm Technology 16

Design and Performance Comparison of Current References for ...

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16th IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems, LASCAS 2025

作者： Barcelos, Eduardo A. Campagnucci, Pamela R. A. N. Munoz, Daniel M. Amaral, Wellington A. Haddad, Sandro A. P. Mechatronics Graduate Program Faculty of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia Faculty of Gama DF Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522124

With the advancement of semiconductor technologies, the need for efficient power management solutions in integrated systems, such as RISC-V architecture-based microcontrollers, becomes increasingly critical. However, there is a lack of studies comparing current reference architectures in terms of performance and robustness, particularly in 22nm technologies. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of two current reference designs implemented in the same technology-referred to as Reference Design A and Reference Design B. We focus on their approaches to thermal compensation, supply stability, and layout optimizations. Through simulations and experimental tests, we evaluate the performance of each design within a power management system that includes DC-DC converters and LDO regulators. Our results indicate that Design A exhibits superior power supply rejection with a PSRR of -85 dB, while Design B demonstrates enhanced energy efficiency and thermal stability, achieving a nominal current of 5.14 μA and a temperature coefficient of 16.21 ppm. These findings underscore the importance of balancing energy efficiency, thermal stability, and power supply variation rejection when selecting current references for low-power, high-reliability applications, such as those in the Internet of Things (IoT). © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Integrated circuit layout

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Efficient High-Fidelity Two-Dimensional Warpage Modeling for Advanced Packaging Analysis 24

Efficient High-Fidelity Two-Dimensional Warpage Modeling for...

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43rd International Conference on Computer-Aided Design, ICCAD 2024

作者： Lo, Shao-Yu Liu, MaoZe Chang, Yao-Wen Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798400710773

The mismatch of thermal expansion coefficients between different materials incurs nonuniform deformation in a package called warpage. The warpage effect has evolved into a crucial reliability concern that demands careful management in advanced packaging. Considering the severe impact of the effect, we develop an efficient, high-fidelity warpage modeling of preprocessing followed by matrix calculation to address the issue by transforming a three-dimensional packaging structure to a two-dimensional thermo-solid coupling problem. The transformation provides an efficient measure to reduce the complexity of the packaging analysis. We then apply formal numerical methods to this model for a better trade-off between accuracy and efficiency. Experimental results show that our model averagely achieves respective speedups of 11.0X and 12130X in preprocessing and matrix calculation and an overall speedup of 233.9X with only 1.0% error over the Ansys commercial analysis tool. In particular, such high efficiency and accuracy enable our model for large-scale optimization, simulation, and modeling applications. © 2024 Copyright is held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Labels

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A 22nm CMOS PFM Buck Converter Used in a 32-Bit RISC-V Microcontroller for IoT Applications 16

A 22nm CMOS PFM Buck Converter Used in a 32-Bit RISC-V Micro...

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16th IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems, LASCAS 2025

作者： Oliveira, Luiz H. N. Amaral, Wellington A. Haddad, Sandro A. P. Munoz, Daniel M. Barcelos, Eduardo A. Sotero, Vinicius V. M. Jonhson, Emmanuel K. M. Campagnucci, Pamela R. A. N. Lima, Luis V. N. Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program Faculty of Gama Brazil Mechatronics Graduate Program University of Brasilia Faculty of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering DF Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522124

The demand for efficient power management solutions in electronic devices has increased significantly, especially for microcontrollers operating in low-power modes. This article presents the design and implementation of a Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM)-based buck converter for applications in 32-bit microcontrollers using 22nm CMOS technology. The methodology involves the development of a Constant On Time (COT) architecture that maintains a fixed duration for the activation of the high-side MOSFET, using a monostable multivibrator to generate the necessary timing signals. The converter's performance was simulated under various load conditions and process corners to evaluate its efficiency and output characteristics. The results show that the proposed buck converter achieves high efficiency, with peak values above 95%, while maintaining a low output ripple. Specifically, the converter exhibits an efficiency of 93.4% at a load of 1mA, with output ripple voltages as low as 2.20 mV under ideal conditions. The contributions of this work lie in the advancement of PFM converter technology for modern microcontroller applications, demonstrating the potential of 22nm CMOS processes to improve power efficiency and performance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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