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Interconnected skyrmions in a nanowire structure: Micromagnetic simulations

Physical Review B 2024年第17期110卷 174415页

作者： Taichi Nishitani Syuta Honda Hiroyoshi Itoh Tomokatsu Ohsawa Masaaki A. Tanaka Department of Pure and Applied Physics Center for Spintronics Research Network Graduate School of Engineering Science Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Graduate School of Engineering

The magnetization dynamics of two skyrmions with antiparallel vortex rotations on a nanowire substrate were investigated using micromagnetic simulations. When positioned in proximity, the skyrmions exhibit attractive interactions that decrease their separation distance. This interaction leads to a magnetic energy transition, resulting in the fusion of the two skyrmions into a single connected entity. Applying a static magnetic field aligned with the magnetization direction of the skyrmion cores causes this connected structure to expand, increasing the distance between their cores. Conversely, exposing the connected skyrmions to a specific alternating magnetic field induces resonant oscillations in the core-to-core distance, with the resonance frequency decreasing as the field amplitude increases. The effective mass of the connected skyrmions at resonance is calculated using the resonance frequency. Notably, excessively high amplitudes can cause these oscillations to converge the skyrmions excessively, leading to their annihilation. In simulations involving both static and alternating magnetic fields, separation of the connected skyrmions was not observed. These findings have potential implications for the advancement of technologies utilizing skyrmion numbers for innovative applications.

关键词： Magnetization dynamics Skyrmions Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation

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An FM-Index Based High-Throughput Memory-Efficient FPGA Accelerator for Paired-End Short-Read Mapping

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IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 2023年第6期17卷 1331-1341页

作者： Yang, Chung-Hsuan Wu, Yi-Chung Chen, Yen-Lung Lee, Chao-Hsi Hung, Jui-Hung Yang, Chia-Hsiang Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan GeneASIC Technologies Corporation Hsinchu302 Taiwan Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan

This article presents an Ferragina-Manzini index (FM-index) based paired-end short-read mapping hardware accelerator. Four techniques are proposed to significantly reduce the number of memory accesses and operations to improve the throughput. First, an interleaved data structure is proposed to reduce the processing time by 51.8% by leveraging the data locality. Second, the boundaries of possible mapping location candidates can be retrieved within only one memory access by constructing a lookup table along with the FM-index. This reduces the number of DRAM accesses by 60% with only a 64 MB memory overhead. Third, an additional step is added to skip the time-consuming repetitive location candidates filtering conditionally, avoiding unnecessary operations. Lastly, an early termination method is proposed to terminate the mapping process if any location candidate with a high enough alignment score is detected, greatly decreasing the execution time. Overall, the computation time is reduced by 92.6% with only a 2% memory overhead in DRAM. The proposed methods are realized on a Xilinx Alveo U250 FPGA. The proposed FPGA accelerator processes 1,085,812,766 short-reads from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) dataset within 35.4 minutes at 200 MHz. It achieves a 1.7-to-18.6× higher throughput and the highest 99.3% accuracy by exploiting the paired-end short-read mapping, compared to state-of-the-art FPGA-based designs. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Genome

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Enhanced Sensitivity of ISFET pH-Sensor Utilizing Reduced Graphene Oxide 6

Enhanced Sensitivity of ISFET pH-Sensor Utilizing Reduced Gr...

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6th Iranian International Conference on Microelectronics, IICM 2024

作者： Estakhroyeh, Hossein Rezaei Mehran, Mahdiyeh Rashedi, Esmat Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman RF MEMS and Bio-Nano Electronics Lab Department of Electrical Engineering Kerman Iran Graduate University of Advanced Technology Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering Kerman Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9798331511371

With an emphasis on the sensitivity of various gate-sensing layers, the current work sought to examine how well Ion-Sensitive Field-Effect Transistors (ISFETs) function as pH sensors. Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO) has been investigated as a potential sensing material for ISFET sensors, however Metal Oxides have historically been the material of choice for the gate-sensing layer because of its stability and dependability. ISFET sensors using rGO as the sensing material and those with traditional Metal Oxide gate layers were thoroughly compared. The performance of the sensors was assessed under a range of operating situations by multiphysics modeling with finite element methods using COMSOL Multiphysics software. The results showed a considerable improvement in sensor performance when rGO was used as the gate-sensing layer. A lower threshold voltage needed to activate the sensor and a higher sensitivity to pH variations were two of these enhancements. In ISFET sensors for pH monitoring, this work emphasizes the benefits of adopting alternate gate materials, such rGO. For the purpose of creating more dependable and efficientpH-sensing instruments for a range of scientific and industrial applications, it is helpful to analyze the fundamental mechanics and performance characteristics of sensors. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Threshold voltage

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Hand Recognition Solution as Conference Room Intelligent Lighting Control Technique 7

Hand Recognition Solution as Conference Room Intelligent Lig...

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7th International Symposium on Multidisciplinary Studies and Innovative Technologies, ISMSIT 2023

作者： Karail, Abdulvahit Bocekci, Veysel Gokhan Kiyak, Ismail Institute of Graduate Studies in Pure and Applied Sciences Marmara University Electrical and Electronics Engineering Istanbul Turkey Marmara University Faculty of Technology Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Istanbul Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798350342154

In communication technologies, it can be solved in systems that are extremely simple, detailed, among the tools for use in the electronic environment, internet-connected, development and integrated systems. With the rapid development of technology, smart led lamps, smart office, smart conference room lighting, road lighting fixtures and therefore smart lighting systems have been the reason why smart lighting systems can enter daily life rapidly. Sensors which are the components of smart lighting systems, feedback from users, cloud services, smart algorithms become more widespread with artificial intelligence in an easier, faster, and more economical way, causing a change in traditional lighting control and improvements in energy saving, functionality, and user centered lighting. In this study, the mediapipe framework is intended to be used for office conference room. MediaPipe is indeed an open-source framework that enables the processing of computer vision data, including video and audio. The lighting system was built using the artificial intelligence supported mediapipe hand recognition solution, and artificial intelligence and image processing algorithms were used. Each hand gesture corresponds to a different command to control the light. There are 3 main menus are determined for the hand and defined to the system. Main menus can be reached with every hand movement. After entering the main menu, intermediate menus are processed. Lighting application can be realized through control commands obtained by hand movements, digital/analog information conversion and Dali control system. It is concluded that the ease of control brought by this method is more advantageous in terms of its purpose than other methods because it is contactless and does not require any hardware device in the hands of the presenter. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Image processing

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PROPOSAL ON DISTRIBUTED MQTT BROKERS ARCHITECTURE 22

PROPOSAL ON DISTRIBUTED MQTT BROKERS ARCHITECTURE

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22nd International Conference on e-Society 2024, ES 2024 and 20th International Conference on Mobile Learning 2024, ML 2024

作者： Kosaka, Kazuhiro Mitsuuchi, Masaki Yokotani, Tetsuya Ishibashi, Koichi The Graduate School of Electrical Engineering and Electronics Kanazawa Institute of Technology Ishikawa Nonoichi Japan Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering College of Engineering Kanazawa Institute of Technology Ishikawa Nonoichi Japan Department of Information and Computer Science College of Engineering Kanazawa Institute of Technology Ishikawa Hakusan Japan

Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) is a popular communication protocol for IoT, in which Publishers and Subscribers communicate through a single broker. Therefore, a distributed broker is necessary to accommodate multiple Publishers and Subscribers at multiple locations. Previous studies have used a method in which multiple brokers are connected in a ring to share information. However, in this method, the processing delay time increases as the number of brokers and Hops increases. In this study, we propose a direct connection method between distributed brokers that reduces the processing delay time. We also use an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to determine the communication protocol used to connect brokers. Next, partial prototyping was performed to estimate the latency. © 2024 International Conferences e-Society 2024 and Mobile Learning 2024. All rights reserved.

关键词： DDS Distributed Brokers IoT MQTT

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Unmanned-aerial-vehicle based optical camera communication system using light-diffusing fiber and rolling-shutter image-sensor

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Optics Express 2023年第11期31卷 18670-18679页

作者： Chang, Yun-Han Tsai, Shang-Yen Chow, Chi-Wai Wang, Chih-Chun Tsai, Deng-Cheng Liu, Yang Yeh, Chien-Hung Department of Photonics & Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Photonics & Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Philips Electronics Ltd. N.T. Hong Kong Department of Photonics Feng Chia University Taichung40724 Taiwan

We put forward and demonstrate a light-diffusing fiber equipped unmanned-aerial-vehicle (UAV) to provide a large field-of-view (FOV) optical camera communication (OCC) system. The light-diffusing fiber can act as a bendable, lightweight, extended and large FOV light source for the UAV-assisted optical wireless communication (OWC). During UAV flying, the light-diffusing fiber light source could be tilted or bended;hence, offering large FOV as well as supporting large receiver (Rx) tilting angle are particularly important for the UAV-assisted OWC systems. To improve the transmission capacity of the OCC system, one method based on the camera shutter mechanism, which is known as rolling-shuttering is utilized. The rolling-shuttering method makes use of the feature of complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor to extract signal pixel-row by pixel-row. The data rate can be significantly increased since the capture start time for each pixel-row is different. As the light-diffusing fiber is thin and occupies only a few pixels in the CMOS image frame, Long-short-term-memory neural-network (LSTM-NN) is used to enhance the rolling-shutter decoding. Experimental results show that the light-diffusing fiber can satisfactorily act as an "omnidirectional optical antenna" providing wide FOVs and 3.6 kbit/s can be achieved, accomplishing the pre-forward error correction bit-error-rate (pre-FEC BER = 3.8 × 10−3). © 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Pixels

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Utilizing Mobile Robots to Teach Dengue and Chikungunya Prevention in Brazilian Schools 16

Utilizing Mobile Robots to Teach Dengue and Chikungunya Prev...

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16th Brazilian Symposium on Robotics and 15th Workshop on Robotics in Education, SBR-WRE 2024

作者： Costa, R.B. Gomes, Pedro H.L. Rodriguez Silva, Luiz F. Pastrana, M.A. Gontijo, Maria C.C. Luiz, M.S. Muñoz, Daniel M. Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics Graduate Program University of Brasilia DF Brasilia Brazil Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia DF Brasilia Brazil Faculty of Gama Aerospace Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia DF Brasilia Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391084

This paper introduces a novel approach to combating the spread of Dengue and Chikungunya, two prevalent arboviruses in tropical regions, especially in Brazil. The research presents a low-cost differential topology robot designed as an educational tool to raise awareness about mosquito breeding grounds among students and teachers in public schools across the Federal District, Brazil. Developed at the University of Brasilia, the robot is deployed in collaboration with the Federal District Health department to support prevention campaigns in schools. The paper evaluates the effectiveness of this innovative tool in enhancing community engagement and improving health outcomes. The findings suggest that integrating robotics into health education can significantly elevate awareness and strengthen prevention strategies against arboviral diseases. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile robots

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Ensuring resilience in ocean energy power plants: a review on cybersecurity 15th

Ensuring resilience in ocean energy power plants: a review o...

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15th European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference, EWTEC 2023

作者： Nazare, Thalita Nardo, Lucas Arias-Garcia, Janier Nepomuceno, Erivelton Center for Ocean Energy Research Department of Electronic Engineering Maynooth University Ireland Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and the Department of Electronic Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Brazil

The present review delves into the escalating significance of cybersecurity within the domain of Ocean Renewable Energy (ORE), with emphasis on wave energy power plants. The susceptibility of crucial infrastructure to cyber threats has been amplified by the escalation in interconnectivity and digitalization of energy systems. The absence of a thorough academic investigation into cybersecurity remedies for ocean energy systems has been recognized, despite the pressing demand. This research conforms to the systematic literature review standards established by Kitchenham and Charters. The study investigates three principal areas of interest: smart ocean, cybersecurity for renewable energy systems, and marine data security. The results highlight the necessity of improving the ability of power plants to withstand cyber attacks and emphasize the potential of various technologies, including the Internet of Things, blockchain, artificial intelligence, and cloud computing in achieving this objective. The aforementioned analysis emphasizes the importance of ongoing exploration and advancement in cybersecurity protocols. It recommends that forthcoming efforts concentrate on quantum computing and policy frameworks that facilitate the establishment of robust, all-encompassing, and just cybersecurity resolutions in the domain of ocean energy. © 2023 European Wave and Tidal Energy Conference.

关键词： Marine power plants

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Trainable Policy For The On-Demand Offloading On Edge-Cloud Collaborative System 33

Trainable Policy For The On-Demand Offloading On Edge-Cloud ...

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33rd IEEE International Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing, MLSP 2023

作者： Hsieh, Cheng-Lin Lo, Yi-Cheng Wu, An-Yeu Andy National Taiwan University Department of Electrical Engineering Taipei Taiwan National Taiwan University Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324112

An on-demand offloading framework is a practical solution for resource-limited Internet of Things scenarios. However, an ineffective offloading policy can lead to wasteful transmission costs. Prior works have designed policies based solely on edge information, neglecting the role of the cloud and potentially degrading overall performance. In this paper, we propose two methods to address this issue. First, we modify the training process to incorporate information from both the edge and the cloud, achieving joint edge-cloud optimization in our trainable offloading policy. Second, we leverage structured feature representations to enhance our policy's efficiency and reduce the cost of ineffective offloading. Our experimental results show that our methods outperform existing approaches on ResNet152 and VGG16, reducing the offloading ratio by 17.74%/23.57% and increasing the offloading efficiency by 4.47%/5.52%, respectively. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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Color-conversion Arrays with Ultra-small Pixel Sizes for Micro-LED Displays

Color-conversion Arrays with Ultra-small Pixel Sizes for Mic...

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2024 Laser Science, LS 2024

作者： Tsai, Chih-Yuan Chiu, Hao-Sung Wu, Chen-Hsun Kung, Yu-Han Lee, Ting-Chun Chen, Shan-Yu Yang, Tzu-Yi Lin, Ching-Fuh Graduate Institute of Photonics and Optoelectronics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

We address mass transfer challenges using color-conversion technology, achieving ultrahigh-density microarrays: 11548 PPI for single color, 5774 PPI for full color, 72.98% and 65.36% conversion efficiencies for green ... 详细信息

关键词： Pixels

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