The Internet of Vehicles(IoVs)has seen rapid development due to advances in advanced communication *** 5-th Generation(5G)systems will be integrated into next-generation vehicles,enabling them to operate more efficien...
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The Internet of Vehicles(IoVs)has seen rapid development due to advances in advanced communication *** 5-th Generation(5G)systems will be integrated into next-generation vehicles,enabling them to operate more efficiently by cooperating with the *** millimeter Wave(mmWave)technology is projected to provide a large bandwidth to meet future needs for more effective data rate communications.A viable approach for transferring raw sensor data among autonomous vehicles would be to use mmWave *** paper attracts various research interests in academic,indoor,and outdoor mmWave *** paper presents mmWave propagation measurements for indoor and outdoor at 66 GHz frequency for IoVs *** proposed model examines the equivalent path loss using Free-Space Path Loss(FSPL)based on the transmitter and receiver distances for indoor and outdoor communications of the *** the indoor scenario,path loss propagation has the lowest penetration loss,but it is ineffective in the outdoor scenario because distance increases as free space path loss *** probability of error is increased,concerning the transmitter and receiver distances due to propagation effect,packet collisions,busy receiver,and sensing *** proposed methodology shows a higher packet delivery ratio and average throughput with less delay in the connection during transmission.
VANET clustering solves scalability issues while fortifying the network and extending its lifespan. The following phases are included in the developed work on Energy-Efficient Cluster-based Routing (EECR) and Fuzzy-To...
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Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)are a collection of sensor nodes distributed in space and connected through wireless *** sensor nodes gather and store data about the real world around ***,the nodes that are dependent on...
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Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs)are a collection of sensor nodes distributed in space and connected through wireless *** sensor nodes gather and store data about the real world around ***,the nodes that are dependent on batteries will ultimately suffer an energy loss with time,which affects the lifetime of the *** research proposes to achieve its primary goal by reducing energy consumption and increasing the network’s lifetime and *** present technique employs the hybrid Mayfly Optimization Algorithm-Enhanced Ant Colony Optimization(MFOA-EACO),where the Mayfly Optimization Algorithm(MFOA)is used to select the best cluster head(CH)from a set of nodes,and the Enhanced Ant Colony Optimization(EACO)technique is used to determine an optimal route between the cluster head and base *** performance evaluation of our suggested hybrid approach is based on many parameters,including the number of active and dead nodes,node degree,distance,and energy *** objective is to integrate MFOA-EACO to enhance energy efficiency and extend the network life of the WSN in the *** proposed method outcomes proved to be better than traditional approaches such as Hybrid Squirrel-Flying Fox Optimization Algorithm(HSFLBOA),Hybrid Social Reindeer Optimization and Differential Evolution-Firefly Algorithm(HSRODE-FFA),Social Spider Distance Sensitive-Iterative Antlion Butterfly Cockroach Algorithm(SADSS-IABCA),and Energy Efficient Clustering Hierarchy Strategy-Improved Social Spider Algorithm Differential Evolution(EECHS-ISSADE).
In this study, a quad-port ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with triple band-rejection characteristics is demonstrated. The suggested diversity MIMO antenna comprises four similar rec...
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We first introduce a new approach for optimising a cascaded spline adaptive filter(CSAF)to identify unknown nonlinear systems by using a meta-heuristic optimisation algorithm(MOA).The CSAF architecture combines Hammer...
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We first introduce a new approach for optimising a cascaded spline adaptive filter(CSAF)to identify unknown nonlinear systems by using a meta-heuristic optimisation algorithm(MOA).The CSAF architecture combines Hammerstein and Wiener systems,where the nonlinear blocks are implemented with the spline *** algorithms used optimise the weights of the spline interpolation function and linear filter by using an adequately weighted cost function,leading to improved filter stability,steady state performance,and guaranteed convergence to globally optimal *** investigate two CSAF architectures:Hammerstein–Wiener SAF(HW-SAF)and Wiener–Hammerstein SAF(WH-SAF)*** architectures have been designed using gradient-based approaches which are inefficient due to poor convergence speed,and produce suboptimal solutions in a Gaussian noise *** avert these difficulties,we estimate the design parameters of the CSAF architecture using four independent MOAs:differential evolution(DE),brainstorm optimisation(BSO),multi-verse optimiser(MVO),and a recently proposed remora optimisation algorithm(ROA).In ROA,the remora factor’s control parameters produce near-global optimal parameters with a higher convergence *** also ensures the most balanced exploration and exploitation phases compared to DE-,BSO-,and MVO-based design ***,the identification results of three numerical and industryspecific benchmark systems,including coupled electric drives,a thermic wall,and a continuous stirred tank reactor,are presented to emphasise the effectiveness of the ROA-based CSAF design.
Electronic Warfare is a type of military operation that uses electromagnetic radiation to identify, exploit, limit, or prohibit the use of the electromagnetic spectrum. The main objective of this paper is to improve t...
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The concept of the time-modulated array has been emerging as an alternative to the complex phase shifters,which lowers the cost of the array feeding network due to the utilization of radio frequency(RF)*** various for...
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The concept of the time-modulated array has been emerging as an alternative to the complex phase shifters,which lowers the cost of the array feeding network due to the utilization of radio frequency(RF)*** various forms of hexagonal antenna array geometries can be used for applications like surveillance tracking in phased array radar and wireless communication *** work proposes the generalized array factor(AF)for the hexagonal antenna array geometry based on time *** time modulation in generalized hexagonal geometry can maintain the fixed static amplitude excitation,giving more flexibility over ***,a novel trapezoidal switching function is also proposed and applied to the generalized array factor to enable future researchers to use this array factor in the field of advancement to observe how switching schemes like trapezoidal and rectangular affect the array pattern's side lobe level(SLL).The generalized equation can be utilized for the analysis and synthesis of radiation characteristics of the time-modulated hexagonal array(TMHA),time-modulated concentric hexagonal array(TMCHA),time-modulated hexagonal cylindrical array(TMHCA),and time-modulated hexagonal concentric cylindrical array(TMHCCA).The numerical result illustrates the generation of AF of time-modulated hexagonal structures and also shows that the trapezoidal switching sequence outperforms the rectangular switch using the cat swarm optimization(CSO)approach.
This research revolves around the design challenge of creating a compact, low-profile slotted fractal antenna with the capability to resonate across multiple frequency bands, thereby fulfilling the diverse requirement...
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In this paper, a 3D-printed dual-band reflect-transmit-array (RTA) antenna has been presented, which operates as a reflectarray (RA) in the 28 GHz band and as a transmitarray (TA) in the 41.5 GHz band along with modif...
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Every smart application was improved based on today's advancements. Considering this advancement, improving the smart facilities further in the agriculture sector is the most required role. This might help the far...
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