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28th European Conference on Optical Communication, ECOC 2002

作者： Haus, H.A. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States

ISBN: (纸本)8790974654

• Noise of optical amplifiers can be derived classically, except for its magnitude • Magnitude of the noise is predicted by quantum theory • Minimum amount of noise added by an optical amplifier is noise required by Arthurs-Kelly theorem • Proposed noise figure is signal-independent and obeys the cascading formula • Current noise figure definition is signal-dependent;does not obey the cascading formula, • Evaluation of the noise figure of a cascade of amplifiers requires extracting the information on the ASE from each noise figure. • Measurement of noise figure In current use is measurement of ASE, i.e. measure-ment of FASE • Proposed noise figure can be easily extended to cover all frequencies. © 2002 DTU.

关键词： Noise figure

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Techno commercial solutions in road side distribution transformers

Techno commercial solutions in road side distribution transf...

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2020 International Conference on Convergence to Digital World - Quo Vadis, ICCDW 2020

作者： Yadav, Harish Choudhary, Sneha Verma, Aishwarya Karandikar, P.B. Karandikar, A.P. Holmukhe, R.M. Army Institute of Technology Electronics and Telecommunication Department Pune India Army Institute of Technology Computer Engineering Department Pune India Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani Computer Science and Information Systems Department Goa India Bharati Vidhyapeeth College of Engineering Electrical Engineering Department Pune India

ISBN: (纸本)9781728146355

Transformer is key component in electrical power system. It is used in generation, transmission, and distribution of power supply. There are lots of developments in transformer technology with respect to material used in it as well as in application. It is found that most of the researchers are working on material, construction, use and electrical parameters of both distribution as well as power transformers. This paper is about off track aspect of distribution substation. It deals with the social problems arising in roadside distribution transformers and solutions for it. Space related issue is major problem faced by electrical engineers. The issue raised in this paper is present in most of the underdeveloped, developing as well as highly dense countries in the world. Technical as well as non - technical solution approaches are presented in details. IoT based technical solutions is successfully implemented. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Power transformers

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Smartphone remote lock and data wipe system based on message authentication codes

Smartphone remote lock and data wipe system based on message...

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1st International Conference on engineering and Technology Innovation, ICETI 2011

作者： Ma, Gunil Park, Kyungwhan Yi, Jeong Hyun Jin, Seung Hun Department of Computer Science and Engineering Soongsil University Seoul Korea Republic of Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Daejeon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9783037853245

Smartphones provide portability and convenience to users by means of personal information profiles. However, when the phones are lost or stolen, security threats may cause personal information to be exposed. To resolve these problems, the network operator must provide users with remote-locking or wiping-out functions so that malicious users cannot use the mobile devices. In this paper, we propose a smartphone remote lock and data wipe scheme using password-based message authentication. The proposed scheme provides users with a mechanism for verifying the integrity of command messages so that malicious users cannot attack the device by intentionally transmitting lock or wipe commands. In addition, we show that the system is designed to fit in the standard SMS PDU, and we test the performance in terms of memory usage, authentication time, and bandwidth usage by implementing it on Android smartphones.

关键词： Smartphones

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Further Improved 198 nW Ultra-Low Power 1.25 nA Current Reference Circuit with an Extremely Low Line Sensitivity (0.0005%/V) and 160 ppm/∘ C Temperature Coefficient 3rd

Further Improved 198 nW Ultra-Low Power 1.25 nA Current Refe...

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The 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Computing and Systems (COMSYS 2022)

作者： Mukherjee, Koyel Pandit, Soumya Kumar Pal, Rajat Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics University of Calcutta Kolkata India Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Calcutta Kolkata India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819926794

The work, presented in this article, shows a further improvement in the performance of one of our previous works of 1 nA current reference circuit [1]. The proposed work produces a 1.25 nA current reference in post-layout simulation. The present work shows a 0.0005 % / V line sensitivity and 160 ppm/∘ C temperature coefficient, resulting in an improvement by 75 % and 25.5 %, respectively, from the corresponding values published in [1]. The overall power consumption of the work in [1], is reduced from 588 nW to 198 nW in the proposed work, thus resulting in a 66 % power improvement. In addition, the proposed work demands 98 % less transistor area requirement w.r.t. that of the work presented in [1]. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Temperature

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Efficient Drinking Water Quality Analysis using Machine Learning Model with Hyper-Parameter Tuning 7

Efficient Drinking Water Quality Analysis using Machine Lear...

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7th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems, ICICCS 2023

作者： Maheswari, M Uma Sudharsanan, R. Arthy, M. Jenefer, Anne Oormila, L. Samuthira Pandi, V. RMD Engineering College Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Tamil Nadu India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Information Technology Tamil Nadu Ramapuram India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Data Science and Business Systems Tamil Nadu Kattankulathur India Panimalar Engineering College Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Tamil Nadu India Agni College of Technology Department of Computer Science Engineering Tamil Nadu India SRM Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electronics Ad Communication Engineering Tamilnadu Ramapuram India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350397253

The conventional approaches to determining the quality of water include costly and lengthy statistical and laboratory testing;hence, the concept of real-time monitoring is no longer applicable in the modern day. The disastrous implications of poor water quality demand that there be a remedy that is both more expedient and more realistic. This research study examines a variety of supervised machine learning algorithms in order to identify the quality of the water. A variety of variables, such as the pH value, the hardness, the solids, the chloramines, the sulfates, the conductivity, the organic carbon, the trihalomethanes, the turbidity, and the potability of the water, are essential for determining the quality of the water. Random Forest (RF) and Decision Tree (DT) are used in order to ascertain the caliber of the water that is suitable for human consumption. The standard laboratory approach for testing the quality of water is one that takes a lot of time and may be somewhat expensive at times. In a very short length of time, the algorithms that are proposed in this study are able to provide an estimation of the quality of drinking water. DT has a height accuracy F1 score of 99%, whereas RF has a score of 87.86% and a precision of 82.36%. The difference in these two scores is due to the fact that DT's precision is lower. The suggested method demonstrates its potential for usage in real-time water quality monitoring systems by achieving appropriate accuracy with a minimal set of parameters. To prove the usefulness of this program, this is essential. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Water quality

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A Safe and Reliable Routing Mechanism of LEO Satellite Based on SDN

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computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第7期64卷 439-454页

作者： Chao Guo Juan Guo Chanjuan Yu Zhaobin Li Cheng Gong Abdul Waheed Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Beijing Electronic Science and Technology InstituteBeijing100070China Vocational and Technical College Guilin University of Electronic TechnologyBeihai536000China School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing100083China University of Management Technology Lahore55300Pakistan

Satellite networks have high requirements for security and data processing *** order to improve the reliability of the network,software-defined network(SDN)technology is introduced and a central controller is set in the *** to the characteristics of global perspective,control data separation,and centralized control of SDN,the idea of SDN is introduced to the design of the satellite network *** a result,satellite nodes are only responsible for data transmission,while the maintenance of the links and the calculation of routes are implemented by the *** the massive LEO satellite network based on SDN,a state evaluation decision routing mechanism is *** designed mechanism monitors the status of the entire network effectively and reduces the on-board load on the satellite *** best routing decision is made under the comprehensive consideration of the current and historical status of each inter-satellite link between Low Earth Orbit(LEO)satellite network *** calculation and storage requirements are controlled within a reasonable *** on the curve parameter transmission fuzzy encryption algorithm,a safe and reliable condition assessment decision routing mechanism(CADRM)is *** ensures that the personal information of the LEO satellite network can be transmitted safely and *** experimental simulation results show the improvement of network throughput,the reduction of packet loss rate and the enhancing of network reliability.

关键词： Route LEO satellite SDN state assessment inter-satellite link

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Proposed 3D chaos-based medical image cryptosystem for secure cloud-IoMT eHealth communication services

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Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 2024年第1期15卷 1-28页

作者： El-Shafai, Walid Khallaf, Fatma El-Rabaie, El-Sayed M. El-Samie, Fathi E. Abd Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Security Engineering Lab Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Ahram Canadian University Giza 6th October City Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh84428 Saudi Arabia

Medical image encryption is a mandatory process in various healthcare, Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and cloud services. This paper provides a robust cryptosystem based on a 3D chaotic map for the medical image encryption in secure IoMT and cloud services. The proposed encryption method depends on a 3D chaotic map. With this map, a nonlinear ciphering process is implemented for pixel value diffusion and position permutation. Five operations are conducted in the suggested cryptosystem on the medical images to be transmitted in order to attain a high security level. These operations are 3D chaos generation, chaos histogram equalization, row rotation, column rotation, and XOR operation. To validate the suggested cryptosystem, different medical images with different characteristics are tested. Moreover, the suggested cryptosystem and more recent state-of-the-art security systems are discussed and analyzed in a comparative study. Different assessment parameters are adopted to assess the suggested cryptosystem, which reveals high security performance. The simulation outcomes show that the suggested cryptosystem is trustworthy. Furthermore, it offers high robustness levels and recommended security levels for utilization in healthcare, IoMT and cloud service applications. It is observed that the amount of average entropy obtained by the proposed 3D chaos cryptosystem is 7.95 which is very close to its best value of 8, and the average NPCR value is 99.62% which is also much close to its supreme value of 99.60%. In addition, all other results scored for the test evaluation parameters on the suggested cryptosystem are superior to those of the traditional security systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2022.

关键词： Cryptography

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Prediction of Temperature and Humidity Using IoT and Machine Learning Algorithm

Prediction of Temperature and Humidity Using IoT and Machine...

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International Conference on Intelligent and Smart Computing in Data Analytics, ISCDA 2020

作者： Vamseekrishna, A. Nishitha, R. Kumar, T. Anil Hanuman, K. Supriya, Ch. G. Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Andhra Pradesh522502 India Department of Computer Science Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Vaddeswaram Andhra Pradesh522502 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789813361751

In this paper, we analyze and predict the temperature and humidity using IoT and linear regression algorithm in machine learning. In ancient days, people use to check the climate conditions by seeing clouds or through storm warnings or by using animals they have noticed the weather conditions for many purposes like harvesting and involves many household activities. To overcome this situation, weather forecasting was found. We collect the temperature and humidity data in various places for few days using Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol. So, we initialize the collected data for 5 days in Amazon Web services (AWS) cloud. This data is stored in AWS and by using Dynamo Database (DynamoDB) the stored data is created in the form of the table and it is exported *** file. Hence, the data is recorded. Now by using linear regression algorithm in machine learning, we predict the temperature and humidity data. People can therefore easily monitor the weather conditions without eagerly waiting for tomorrow. This makes more easy and comfortable way to the people so that they will be able to know the climatic conditions within a short period of time. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Weather forecasting

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Scalable control plane architecture for optical flow switched networks

Scalable control plane architecture for optical flow switche...

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Optical Fiber Communication Conference, OFC 2011

作者： Chan, Vincent W.S. Joan Jacobs, Irwin Lei, Zhang Shannon, Claude E. Communication and Network Group Research Laboratory of Electronics Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529060

In OFS, users employ an off-band signaling protocol to request lightpaths for their large unscheduled bursty transactions, and the network dynamically schedules a dedicated, end-to-end lightpath for the duration (≥100mS transaction times) of the transfer avoiding collisions due to contention, Fig.1. For OFS the scheduling and network control is dynamic and when a transaction finishes, the network resources are immediately relinquished to other users. The key to high utilization of backbone wavelength channels - a precious network resource owing to the necessary use of optical amplifiers and dispersion management - is statistical multiplexing of large flows from many users in a scheduled fashion. Efficient, dynamically assigned multi-access broadcast groups can be arranged for multiple transaction durations using the node architecture. We have shown, [1,2,3,4,6], that our approach provides significant cost savings over other transport mechanism for large transactions. OFS is technically a circuit switched service. The major difference between OFS and traditional circuit switching is the fast dynamic session setup (100S). We use a MAN network architecture that exhibits a decreasing cost/user/data-rate as the number of users and user data-rates increase. The following Quasi-static WAN for scalable network management/ control1H2HiHkHjHSDQuasi-control are key design features for the MAN architecture: a. Minimize average lightpath lengths, in terms of the number of OXCs traversed. b. Use of quasi-static MAN/LAN broadcast groups to eliminate fast per session,

关键词： Decision making

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Study on band gap behaviour of electromagnetic band-gap(EBG) structure with microstrip antenna

Study on band gap behaviour of electromagnetic band-gap(EBG)...

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14th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology, ICACT 2012

作者： Kumar, Harish Kumar, Manish Kumar, Mohit Kumar, Abhijeet Kanth, Rajeev Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Bhagwant Institute of Technology Muzaffarnagar India Turku Centre for Computer Science University of Turku Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9788955191639

The popularity of microstrip antennas are increasing day by day because of easy analysis and fabrication, and their attractive radiation characteristics microsrip antenna using simple electromagnetic band gap (EBG) substrate has higher gain than conventional microstrip antenna In this paper we propose to mushroom like Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure with different diameter of vias was designed to analyze the behavior of the EBG structure. Mushroom-like electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structures exhibit unique electromagnetic properties that have led to a wide range of electromagnetic device applications and A simple, compact EBG microstrip antenna is proposed in this study that covers a wideband of 2.5 to 3.7 GHz ISM band, Bluetooth and UHF RFID applications. The use of the EBG Structure improves the radiation pattern of the antenna. The electromagnetic band gap structure is a periodic structure which exhibit a band gap over a certain frequency range over which the propagation of the electromagnetic wave is prohibited. Zeland IE3D simulations have been carried out to investigate and characteristics of the performance with improved design is under consideration in EBG Structure. © 2012 GIRI.

关键词： Energy gap

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