Rapid development in Information Technology(IT)has allowed several novel application regions like large outdoor vehicular networks for Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)*** networks give a safe and more effective driving experie...
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Rapid development in Information Technology(IT)has allowed several novel application regions like large outdoor vehicular networks for Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)*** networks give a safe and more effective driving experience by presenting time-sensitive and location-aware *** communication occurs directly between V2V and Base Station(BS)units such as the Road Side Unit(RSU),named as a Vehicle to Infrastructure(V2I).However,the frequent topology alterations in VANETs generate several problems with data transmission as the vehicle velocity differs with ***,the scheme of an effectual routing protocol for reliable and stable communications is *** research demonstrates that clustering is an intelligent method for effectual routing in a mobile ***,this article presents a Falcon Optimization Algorithm-based Energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Cluster-based Routing(FOA-EECPCR)technique in *** FOA-EECPCR technique intends to group the vehicles and determine the shortest route in the *** accomplish this,the FOA-EECPCR technique initially clusters the vehicles using FOA with fitness functions comprising energy,distance,and trust *** the routing process,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is derived with a fitness function that encompasses two variables,namely,energy and distance.A series of experiments have been conducted to exhibit the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR *** experimental outcomes demonstrate the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR approach over other current methods.
The multispectral satellite sensor images have multibands, which have some typical noise. There is difficult to detect this tipical noise with low resolution image. The satellite local or gloval pixel information and ...
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The fifth-generation(5G)wireless technology is the most recent standardization in communication services of interest across the *** concept of Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output antenna(MIMO)systems has recently been inco...
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The fifth-generation(5G)wireless technology is the most recent standardization in communication services of interest across the *** concept of Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output antenna(MIMO)systems has recently been incorporated to operate at higher frequencies without *** paper addresses,design of a high-gain MIMO antenna that offers a bandwidth of 400 MHz and 2.58 GHz by resonating at 28 and 38 GHz,respectively for 5G millimeter(mm)-wave *** proposed design is developed on a RT Duroid 5880 substrate with a single elemental dimension of 9.53×7.85×0.8 mm^(3).The patch antenna is fully grounded and is fed with a 50-ohm stepped impedance microstrip *** also has an I-shaped slot and two electromagnetically coupled parasitic slotted *** design is initially constructed as a single-element structure and proceeded to a six-element MIMO antenna configuration with overall dimensions of 50×35×0.8 mm^(3).The simulated prototype is fabricated and measured for analyzing its performance characteristics,along with MIMO antenna diversity performance factors making the proposed antenna suitable for 5G mm-wave and 5G-operated handheld devices.
The growing realm of blockchain technology has captivated researchers and practitioners alike with its promise of decentralized, secure, and transparent transactions. This paper presents a comprehensive survey and ana...
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Tear film,the outermost layer of the eye,is a complex and dynamic structure responsible for tear *** tear film lipid layer is a vital component of the tear film that provides a smooth optical surface for the cornea an...
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Tear film,the outermost layer of the eye,is a complex and dynamic structure responsible for tear *** tear film lipid layer is a vital component of the tear film that provides a smooth optical surface for the cornea and wetting the ocular *** eye syndrome(DES)is a symptomatic disease caused by reduced tear production,poor tear quality,or excessive *** diagnosis is a difficult task due to its multifactorial *** of several clinical tests available,the evaluation of the interference patterns of the tear film lipid layer forms a potential tool for DES *** instrument known as Tearscope Plus allows the rapid assessment of the lipid layer.A grading scale composed of five categories is used to classify lipid layer *** reported work proposes the design of an automatic system employing light weight convolutional neural networks(CNN)and nature inspired optimization techniques to assess the tear film lipid layer patterns by interpreting the images acquired with the Tearscope *** designed framework achieves promising results compared with the existing state-of-the-art techniques.
Feature extraction is the most critical step in classification of multispectral *** classification accuracy is mainly influenced by the feature sets that are selected to classify the *** the past,handcrafted feature s...
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Feature extraction is the most critical step in classification of multispectral *** classification accuracy is mainly influenced by the feature sets that are selected to classify the *** the past,handcrafted feature sets are used which are not adaptive for different image *** overcome this,an evolu-tionary learning method is developed to automatically learn the spatial-spectral features for classification.A modified Firefly Algorithm(FA)which achieves maximum classification accuracy with reduced size of feature set is proposed to gain the interest of feature selection for this *** extracting the most effi-cient features from the data set,we have used 3-D discrete wavelet transform which decompose the multispectral image in all three *** selecting spatial and spectral features we have studied three different approaches namely overlapping window(OW-3DFS),non-overlapping window(NW-3DFS)adaptive window cube(AW-3DFS)and Pixel based *** Multiclass Support Vector Machine(MSVM)is used for classification *** con-ducted on Madurai LISS IV multispectral image exploited that the adaptive win-dow approach is used to increase the classification accuracy.
Intellectual disability (ID), a developmental condition often stemming from prenatal or postnatal factors, exerts a profound influence on individuals' lives and necessitates timely intervention. Conventional scree...
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Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals are the most common tool to evaluate the heart’s function in cardiovascular diagnosis. Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmia) found in the ECG play an essential role in diagnosing cardiovas...
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In this paper,an optimized Genetic Algorithm(GA)based internal model controller-proportional integral derivative(IMC-PID)controller has been designed for the control variable to output variable transfer function of dc...
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In this paper,an optimized Genetic Algorithm(GA)based internal model controller-proportional integral derivative(IMC-PID)controller has been designed for the control variable to output variable transfer function of dc-dc boost converter to mitigate the effect of non-minimum phase(NMP)behavior due to the presence of a right-half plane zero(RHPZ).This RHPZ limits the dynamic performance of the converter and leads to internal *** IMC PID is a streamlined counterpart of the standard feedback controller and easily achieves optimal set point and load change performance with a single filter tuning parameterλ.Also,this paper addresses the influences of the model-based controller with model plant mismatch on the closed-loop *** conventional IMC PID design is realized as an optimization problem with a resilient controller being determined through a genetic *** results suggested that GA–IMC PID coheres to the optimum designs with a fast convergence rate and outperforms conventional IMC PID controllers.
Currently, the 4G network service has caused massive digital growth in high use. Video calling has become the go-to Internet application for many people, downloading even huge files in minutes. Everyone is looking for...
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Currently, the 4G network service has caused massive digital growth in high use. Video calling has become the go-to Internet application for many people, downloading even huge files in minutes. Everyone is looking for and buying only 4G Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)-capable mobiles. In this case, the expectation of 5G has increased in line with 2G, 3G, and 4G, where the G stands for generation, and it does not indicate Internet or Internet speed. 5G includes next-generation features that are more advanced than those available in 4G network services. The main objective of 5G is uninterrupted telecommunication service in hybrid energy storage system. This paper proposes an intelligent networking model to obtain the maximum energy efficiency and Artificial Intelligence (AI) automation of 5G networks. There is currently an issue where the signal cuts out when crossing an area with one tower and traveling to an area with another tower. The problem of “call drop”, where the call is disconnected while talking, is not present in 5G. The proposed Intelligent Computational Model (ICM) model obtained 96.31% network speed management, 90.63% battery capacity management, 92.27% network device management, 93.57% energy efficiency, and 88.41% AI automation.
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