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Exploring Contextual Representation and Multi-modality for End-to-end Autonomous Driving

engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 2024年 135卷

作者： Azam, Shoaib Munir, Farzeen Kyrki, Ville Kucner, Tomasz Piotr Jeon, Moongu Pedrycz, Witold Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation Aalto University Espoo Finland Finnish Center for Artificial Intelligence Finland School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju61005 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6R 2V4 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw01-447 Poland

Learning contextual and spatial environmental representations enhances autonomous vehicle's hazard anticipation and decision-making in complex scenarios. Recent perception systems enhance spatial understanding with sensor fusion but often lack global environmental context. Humans, when driving, naturally employ neural maps that integrate various factors such as historical data, situational subtleties, and behavioral predictions of other road users to form a rich contextual understanding of their surroundings. This neural map-based comprehension is integral to making informed decisions on the road. In contrast, even with their significant advancements, autonomous systems have yet to fully harness this depth of human-like contextual understanding. Motivated by this, our work draws inspiration from human driving patterns and seeks to formalize the sensor fusion approach within an end-to-end autonomous driving framework. We introduce a framework that integrates three cameras (left, right, and center) to emulate the human field of view, coupled with top-down bird-eye-view semantic data to enhance contextual representation. The sensor data is fused and encoded using a self-attention mechanism, leading to an auto-regressive waypoint prediction module. We treat feature representation as a sequential problem, employing a vision transformer to distill the contextual interplay between sensor modalities. The efficacy of the proposed method is experimentally evaluated in both open and closed-loop settings. Our method achieves displacement error by 0.67m in open-loop settings, surpassing current methods by 6.9% on the nuScenes dataset. In closed-loop evaluations on CARLA's Town05 Long and Longest6 benchmarks, the proposed method enhances driving performance, route completion, and reduces infractions. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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Deep Generative Model and Its Applications in Efficient Wireless Network Management: A Tutorial and Case Study

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Yinqiu Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Kim, Dong In Jamalipour, Abbas The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Korea Republic of The School of Electrical and Information Engineering University of Sydney Australia

With the phenomenal success of diffusion models and ChatGPT, deep generation models (DGMs) have been experiencing explosive growth from 2022. Not limited to content generation, DGMs are also widely adopted in Internet of Things, Metaverse, and digital twin, due to their outstanding ability to represent complex patterns and generate plausible samples. In this article, we explore the applications of DGMs in a crucial task, i.e., improving the efficiency of wireless network management. Specifically, we firstly overview the generative AI, as well as three representative DGMs. Then, a DGM-empowered framework for wireless network management is proposed, in which we elaborate the issues of the conventional network management approaches, why DGMs can address them efficiently, and the step-by-step workflow for applying DGMs in managing wireless networks. Moreover, we conduct a case study on network economics, using the state-of-the-art DGM model, i.e., diffusion model, to generate effective contracts for incentivizing the mobile AI-Generated Content (AIGC) services. Last but not least, we discuss important open directions for the further research. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Wireless networks

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Partially Occluded Face Expression Recognition with CBAM-Based Residual Network for Teaching Scene

Partially Occluded Face Expression Recognition with CBAM-Bas...

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Chinese automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Yanxing Bai Luefeng Chen Min Li Min Wu Witold Pedrycz Kaoru Hirota School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration School of Automation Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Sariyer/Istanbul Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan

In this paper, a deep residual network based on convolutional block attention module (CBAM) is proposed, which is utilized for feature extraction of partially occluded face expression data. The proposed method overcomes the problem of localized occlusion face feature extraction by focusing on the regions and channels containing important information in the occluded face data through CBAM. Multi-task cascaded convolutional networks (MTCNN) are firstly utilized to localize the key regions of face emotion, and then deep emotion features are extracted by CBAM-ResNet network. The final emotion labels are generated. The effectiveness of this paper's method is verified on the RAF-DB dataset and the occluded CK+ dataset. The experimental accuracy in the RAF-DB dataset is 76.3%, which is 3.74% and 1.64% higher than the accuracy produced by the method of RGBT, and the WLS-RF, respectively. Application experiments are carried out in the real teaching scenario, which verifies the applicability of the algorithm in the real teaching scene.

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Skeleton-Based Multi-Stream Adaptive Graph Convolutional Network for Indoor Scene Action Recognition

Skeleton-Based Multi-Stream Adaptive Graph Convolutional Net...

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Chinese automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Jiazhuo Li Luefeng Chen Min Li Min Wu Witold Pedrycz Kaoru Hirota School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems and the Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada Polish Academy of Sciences Systems Research Institute Warsaw Poland Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Sariyer/Istanbul Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

With the rapid advances in computer vision, human action recognition has gradually received attention, but the current methods still exhibit some problems in indoor environments. The human skeleton, as the framework of human motion, contains high-quality actional feature information, and the skeleton-based action recognition method effectively avoid the interference of interior background noise and has advantages in indoor action recognition. The outstanding effect of graph convolutional networks on graph structure data processing has led to its rapid development and wide application in skeleton-based action recognition. Second-order skeletal information also contains a large number of actional features but is not effectively utilized. The artificial predefined topology of the human skeleton map has limitations, and cannot reflect the interaction between limbs. To solve the above problems, this article designs an adaptive weighted multi-stream graph convolutional network (AM-GCN) based on skeletal information, using an attention mechanism to enhance the network's ability to extract actional features, and an adaptive layer to make the construction graph more flexible, incorporating second-order skeletal features through a dual-stream architecture. In this article, the NTU-RGB+D dataset has been used for the experiments, the results show that the method in this article has good results.

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Plate Shape Prediction Based on Data-Driven in Roll Quenching Process

Plate Shape Prediction Based on Data-Driven in Roll Quenchin...

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Chinese automation Congress (CAC)

作者： Liu Hu Luefeng Chen Jie Hu Min Wu Witold Pedrycz Kaoru Hirota School of Automation China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems and the Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration School of Automation Ministry of Education China University of Geosciences Wuhan China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland The Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Sariyer/Istanbul Turkey Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan The Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

In the process of steel plate production, predicting the plate shape is of great significance for producing high-quality and consistently stable plate shapes. This paper presents a model that predicts both the defect types and flatness of the plate, providing theoretical support for setting process parameters in roller quenching production. First, the parameters of the quenching process are analyzed to identify their characteristics. Then, the K-Means clustering algorithm and correlation analysis are employed to process the quenching process parameters. A gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model is used to predict the defect types and flatness of the steel plates. Finally, industrial production data is utilized for experimental validation. The obtained experimental results verify the reliability of the proposed method.

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Multi-Vehicle Cooperative Persistent Coverage for Random Target Search

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IEEE Robotics and automation Letters 2025年第7期10卷 6680-6687页

作者： Li, Zhuo Li, Guangzheng Sadeghi, Alireza Sun, Jian Wang, Gang Wang, Jialin Beijing Institute of Technology National Key Lab of Autonomous Intelligent Unmanned Systems School of Automation Beijing100084 China Chongqing Innovation Center Beijing Institute of Technology Chongqing401120 China University of Minnesota Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering MinneapolisMN55455 United States Intelligent Game and Decision Laboratory China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology Beijing100071 China

This letter investigates the target search problem for a network of autonomous vehicles, aiming to maximize the detection of randomly appearing targets within a given area. Considering no prior knowledge of the targets is available, we propose a multi-vehicle cooperative persistent coverage scheme under the framework of multi-agent reinforcement learning, in contrast to heuristic and model-based optimization methods in existing works. We model the persistent coverage problem as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) due to the vehicles' limited observation ranges, and introduce a knowability map to characterize their knowledge of the target area. Each vehicle employs a distributed estimator, leveraging its own observations and shared information from neighboring vehicles, to construct a globally estimated knowability map - thereby mitigating partial observability. The persistent coverage policies are learned with the architecture of centralized training and distributed execution, enabling cooperative and efficient target search by fully exploiting shared information. Moreover, we propose an adaptive partition method for the target area to ensure a fixed dimension of the state space in the POMDP, which can improve scalability of the learned policy to target areas with various sizes. Simulations validate effectiveness and scalability of the proposed cooperative scheme. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Human-computer Testing of Students’ Knowledge

Human-Computer Testing of Students’ Knowledge

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Smart Information systems and Technologies (SIST), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Iryna Aznaurian Yurii Pohrebniak Yuliia Riabchun Maksym Delembovskyi Nataliia Poltorachenko Oleksiy Panko Department of Physics Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine Department of Cybersecurity and Computer Engineering Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine Department of Information Technology Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine Department of Information Systems and Technologies Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv Kyiv Ukraine Department of Information Technology Design and Applied Mathematics Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine Department of Architectural Structures Kyiv National University of Construction and Architecture Kyiv Ukraine

ISBN: (数字)9798350374865

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374872

The modern rapid development of means and technologies for education is aimed at reducing classroom classes and remote control of knowledge and skills of education seekers. The adaptation of the education system to the remote regime has become especially relevant throughout the world during the period of quarantine restrictions caused by COVID-19. In Ukraine, the urgency of developing and implementing info-communication systems in the education process has been intensified by the martial law since February 24, 2022. The urgent need to rebuild a large number of buildings and structures destroyed and damaged by hostilities makes special demands on graduates of construction educational institutions. However, the fundamental studying of specialists in this field in remote mode requires specialized info-communication systems, creating of which need taking part of specialists in the field. On-line testing is the main means of guaranteeing the quality of the modern educational process. Therefore, the article presents the specialized on-line testing system "Fast Knowledge Test", which was developed at the Kyiv National University of Construction and architecture with the participation of stakeholders. The system operates during 2021-2023 and while the monitoring of students’ knowledge and skills remains with the teacher, but the service provides for its automation.

关键词： COVID-19 automation Education Mathematics Stakeholders Task analysis Physics

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Distributed Optimization with Finite Bit Adaptive Quantization for Efficient Communication and Precision Enhancement

Distributed Optimization with Finite Bit Adaptive Quantizati...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Apostolos I. Rikos Wei Jiang Themistoklis Charalambous Karl H. Johansson Artificial Intelligence Thrust of the Information Hub The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong China Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation School of Electrical Engineering Aalto University Espoo Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Division of Decision and Control Systems KTH Royal Institute of Technology SE-100 44 Stockholm Sweden

ISBN: (数字)9798350316339

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316346

In realistic distributed optimization scenarios, individual nodes possess only partial information and communicate over bandwidth constrained channels. For this reason, the development of efficient distributed algorithms is essential. In our paper we addresses the challenge of unconstrained distributed optimization. In our scenario each node’s local function exhibits strong convexity with Lipschitz continuous gradients. The exchange of information between nodes occurs through 3-bit bandwidth-limited channels (i.e., nodes exchange messages represented by a only 3 -bits). Our proposed algorithm respects the network’s bandwidth constraints by leveraging zoom-in and zoom-out operations to adjust quantizer parameters dynamically. We show that during our algorithm’s operation nodes are able to converge to the exact optimal solution. Furthermore, we show that our algorithm achieves a linear convergence rate to the optimal solution. We conclude the paper with simulations that highlight our algorithm’s unique characteristics.

关键词： Adaptation models Quantization (signal) Heuristic algorithms Bandwidth Distributed algorithms Optimization Convergence

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Exploring the Economic Feasibility of Advanced Air Mobility in the Early Stages

IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles

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IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles 2024年第5期9卷 4826-4830页

作者： Jingqiu Guo Long Chen Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na Ljubo Vlacic Fei-Yue Wang Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering of the Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue School of Engineering and Technology Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) Indianapolis IN USA Department of Engineering University of Cambridge Cambridge U.K. Institute of Intelligent and Integrated Systems and the School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith University Nathan QLD Australia State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Macau China

Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) envisages a sustainable, safe, convenient, and affordable air transport system. In socio-technical transition of AAM, there are a number of trade-offs in ecosystem that need to be studied. Three perspectives on economic feasibility are explored: first, based on history of VTOL services and value of time estimates, we discuss whether AAM can provide customers with competitive mobility services; second, what are the stakeholders’ insights on the deployment of AAM; last, the experience in the development of autonomous driving technology, such as parallel intelligence, can inform future AAM research.

关键词： Active appearance model Costs Economics Transportation Helicopters Aircraft propulsion Public transportation

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Modified ARQ-based cooperative relaying scheme for a delay tolerant network

Modified ARQ-based cooperative relaying scheme for a delay t...

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2021 IEEE International Conference on Electrical, computer, Communications and Mechatronics engineering, ICECCME 2021

作者： Otaru, Musa Adinoyi, Abdulkareem Ajiya, Mohammed Aljlayl, Mohammed Yanikomeroglu, Halim Bayero University Kano Department of Electrical Engineering Nigeria Technology Strategy Architecture Saudi Telecommunications Company Saudi Arabia Carleton University Dept. of Systems and Computer Engineering Ottawa Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665412629

We use fixed relays deployed by network operators to reduce re-transmission (thereby reducing network power requirements) in addition to providing excellent end-to-end error performance in a revisit to automatic repeat request-based cooperative relaying. The new relaying scheme facilitates the creation of a connectivity suitable for delay tolerant internet-of-things (IoT)-type services. For IoT devices, link reliability and power efficiency are a major system design consideration. The proposed scheme operates in the following fashion. The source (e.g., a sensor) transmits for a certain time window. During this period, the source and the relays do not require per transmission acknowledgment (ACK) from the destination. At the end of a transmission window, the destination sends a 'group' ACK. If negative, relays are invited to help. Depending on the cooperation strategy, each relay transmits in either one transmission time slot or a few time slots, using a suitably chosen higher-order modulation constellation. If no error occurs, the source continues its transmission. Furthermore, we devise a novel strategy for selecting the best relay for this new way of exploiting the benefits of multiple relays in a network. In the process, we reclaim the bandwidth expansion that comes with multi-relay system but still maintaining E2E bit error rate that is superior to that of a single relay cooperation. Numerical results that reveal the benefits of the new and modified ARQ cooperative relaying scheme are presented. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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