Accurate crowd counting in natural images has become increasingly attractive owing to its numerous real-world applications, e.g., crowd analysis and video surveillance. Despite significant progress in crowd counting [...
Accurate crowd counting in natural images has become increasingly attractive owing to its numerous real-world applications, e.g., crowd analysis and video surveillance. Despite significant progress in crowd counting [1,2], challenges(such as scale variation and background clutter) *** fully utilize spatial information, existing crowd counting approaches [3, 4] mainly estimate a density map, where point annotations are smoothed via a Gaussian kernel to generate probabilities indicating the presence of a crowd.
Globally, domestic refrigerators account for over 13% of the total energy consumption in residential buildings. The brazed plate water-cooled condenser (BPWCC) is compact in size and an attractive option to reduce the...
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Fatigue properties play a crucial role as they are vital to ensuring the durability and integrity of components subjected to repeated loading conditions over long *** main objective of this work is to investigate the ...
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Fatigue properties play a crucial role as they are vital to ensuring the durability and integrity of components subjected to repeated loading conditions over long *** main objective of this work is to investigate the fatigue behavior of dual phase low-carbon steels used in automotive applications using a rotating bending fatigue *** treatments were carried out to analyze the microstructure's effect on the fatigue properties,including quenching low-carbon steel samples at 800℃ and 900℃.Hardness and tensile tests were performed,and the microstructure was inspected to examine the constitute *** the assistance of a scanning electron microscope,fractographic analyses were carried out to reveal the fracture features of the samples at different lifetime *** results show that various failure mechanisms occur depending on the stress ***,the specimens quenched at 900℃ exhibited higher fatigue strength.
The network security analyzers use intrusion detection systems(IDSes)to distinguish malicious traffic from benign *** deep learning-based(DL-based)IDSes are proposed to auto-extract high-level features and eliminate t...
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The network security analyzers use intrusion detection systems(IDSes)to distinguish malicious traffic from benign *** deep learning-based(DL-based)IDSes are proposed to auto-extract high-level features and eliminate the time-consuming and costly signature extraction ***,this new generation of IDSes still needs to overcome a number of challenges to be employed in practical *** of the main issues of an applicable IDS is facing traffic concept drift,which manifests itself as new(i.e.,zero-day)attacks,in addition to the changing behavior of benign users/***,a practical DL-based IDS needs to be conformed to a distributed(i.e.,multi-sensor)architecture in order to yield more accurate detections,create a collective attack knowledge based on the observations of different sensors,and also handle big data challenges for supporting high throughput *** paper proposes a novel multi-agent network intrusion detection framework to address the above shortcomings,considering a more practical scenario(i.e.,online adaptable IDSes).This framework employs continual deep anomaly detectors for adapting each agent to the changing attack/benign patterns in its local *** addition,a federated learning approach is proposed for sharing and exchanging local knowledge between different ***,the proposed framework implements sequential packet labeling for each flow,which provides an attack probability score for the flow by gradually observing each flow packet and updating its *** evaluate the proposed framework by employing different deep models(including CNN-based and LSTM-based)over the CICIDS2017 and CSE-CIC-IDS2018 *** extensive evaluations and experiments,we show that the proposed distributed framework is well adapted to the traffic concept *** precisely,our results indicate that the CNNbased models are well suited for continually adapting to the traffic concept drift(i.e.,achieving
Fly ash, a residue from coal combustion contains significant iron content (10-40%), has potential applications in various fields. Present study investigated the impact of sulfate on bioleaching of iron from fly ash, u...
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Pyrolysis is a thermal conversion process in the absence of air to derive energy components from the ***-energy technologies will play a major role in addressing future challenges related to environmental safety and e...
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Pyrolysis is a thermal conversion process in the absence of air to derive energy components from the ***-energy technologies will play a major role in addressing future challenges related to environmental safety and energy *** of the many easily available renewable energy sources is biomass-an organic material that is thought to be *** technology is a thermochemical process that can be used to produce useful products from biomass,such as biochar,bio-oil and combustible pyrolysis *** structure and relative product yield are impacted by the pyrolysis method *** article evaluates different approaches for biomass ***,slow and advanced pyrolysis methods using various pyrolyser reactors have been studied in the literature and are provided to increase the variety and use of these methods in upcoming studies and re*** pyrolysis can lead to increased ecological well-being,as it increases the amount of biochar produced using auger and rotary-kiln *** pyrolysis,mainly in fluidized-bed reactors with bubbling and rotating circulation,can be used to obtain *** pyrolysis methods offer a good probability of yielding great prosperity for specific *** selection of a pyrolysis process is based on the required output in terms of solid,liquid and gaseous fuels,and the parameter plays a crucial role in the pyrolysis performance.
Assessing the stability of slopes is one of the crucial tasks of geotechnical engineering for assessing and managing risks related to natural hazards,directly affecting safety and sustainable *** study primarily focus...
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Assessing the stability of slopes is one of the crucial tasks of geotechnical engineering for assessing and managing risks related to natural hazards,directly affecting safety and sustainable *** study primarily focuses on developing robust and practical hybrid models to predict the slope stability status of circular failure *** this purpose,three robust models were developed using a database including 627 case histories of slope stability *** models were developed using the random forest(RF),support vector machine(SVM),and extreme gradient boosting(XGB)techniques,employing 5-fold cross validation *** enhance the performance of models,this study employs Bayesian optimizer(BO)to fine-tuning their *** results indicate that the performance order of the three developed models is RF-BO>SVM-BO>***,comparing the developed models with previous models,it was found that the RF-BO model can effectively determine the slope stability status with outstanding *** implies that the RF-BO model could serve as a dependable tool for project managers,assisting in the evaluation of slope stability during both the design and operational phases of projects,despite the inherent challenges in this *** results regarding the importance of influencing parameters indicate that cohesion,friction angle,and slope height exert the most significant impact on slope stability *** suggests that concentrating on these parameters and employing the RF-BO model can effectively mitigate the severity of geohazards in the short-term and contribute to the attainment of long-term sustainable development objectives.
Bridge decks are the surface of bridges that carry the weight of the vehicles and pedestrians crossing over them. The design of bridge decks varies depending on the span, traffic volume, and material availability. But...
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This paper proposes new quasi-periodic orbits around Earth–Moon collinear libration points using solar *** including the time-varying sail orientation in the linearized equations of motion for the circular restricted...
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This paper proposes new quasi-periodic orbits around Earth–Moon collinear libration points using solar *** including the time-varying sail orientation in the linearized equations of motion for the circular restricted three-body problem(CR3BP),four types of quasi-periodic orbits(two types around L1 and two types around L2)were *** them,one type of orbit around L2 realizes a considerably small geometry variation while ensuring visibility from the Earth if(and only if)the sail acceleration due to solar radiation pressure is approximately of a certain magnitude,which is much smaller than that assumed in several previous *** means that only small solar sails can remain in the vicinity of L2 for a long time without propellant *** orbits designed in the linearized CR3BP can be translated into nonlinear CR3BP and high-fidelity ephemeris models without losing geometrical *** this study,new quasi-periodic orbits are formulated,and their characteristics are ***,their extendibility to higher-fidelity dynamic models was verified using numerical examples.
This research aimed to design a sea pimp-shaped monopole antenna by using etching and cutting techniques, combined with the addition of reflector, to modify the antenna structure to support the bandwidth standard acco...
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