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Accurate and inaccurate beliefs about cancer risk factors among Spanish-preferring adults in the United States

PEC Innovation 2024年 5卷 100333-100333页

作者： King, Andy J. Lyons, Benjamin A. Rivera, Yonaira M. Kogan, Marina Hernandez, Leandra H. Liao, Yi Kaphingst, Kimberly A. Department of Communication University of Utah Salt Lake City UT United States Cancer Control & Population Sciences Huntsman Cancer Institute Salt Lake City UT United States Department of Communication Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ United States Cancer Prevention & Control Program Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ United States Kahlert School of Computing University of Utah Salt Lake City UT United States

Objective: To characterize inaccurate and accurate beliefs about cancer risk factors held among Spanish-preferring adults in the United States. Methods: From a national probability panel, we surveyed 196 Hispanic adults who prefer completing questionnaires in Spanish. We also used data from a representative sample of 1200 adults in the US to compare belief acceptance. Results: Many less accepted accurate beliefs about cancer risk factors related to topics like fruit/vegetable consumption, weight loss, and alcohol use. Several inaccurate beliefs were widely held, with some being more accepted in the Spanish-preferring sample than the general US adult sample. Higher levels of self-reported media literacy and information scanning associated with more acceptance of both accurate and inaccurate beliefs. Access to the internet at home associated with discernment between accurate and inaccurate beliefs about cancer risk factors. Conclusion: Acceptance of accurate beliefs and rejection of inaccurate beliefs varied across potential cancer risk factors. Future Spanish-language public health messaging should address these belief inconsistencies when providing up-to-date cancer-related recommendations or correcting inaccurate information in the public communication environment. Innovation: Our study provides comprehensive information about cancer beliefs among Spanish-preferring adults in the United States, which was not previously available, and find that media literacy is a concept likely to be important to consider when putting together intervention tools to combat misinformation. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： cancer knowledge cancer misperceptions cancer risk Health misinformation Spanish

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Association of dynamic changes in serum levels of HBV DNA and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma

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Current Medicine 2022年第1期1卷 1-10页

作者： Xu, Xin Jiang, Jie Song, Ci Yu, Chengxiao Zhu, Liguo Qian, Jiao Tian, Ting Ding, Yuqing Zhu, Fengcai Hu, Zhibin Zhai, Xiangjun Department of Epidemiology Center for Global Health School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers Prevention and Treatment Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing China State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Nanjing China

We aimed to examine the risk of HCC associated with the long-term change patterns in HBV DNA levels. We conducted a longitudinal study of 6,301 participants with chronic HBV infection (CHB) from October 2012 to June 2019 and measured serum levels of HBV DNA at enrollment and during follow-up. The dynamic change patterns of HBV DNA were identified by group-based trajectory models. The associations between change patterns of HBV DNA and HCC were estimated using Cox regression models. During 35,112 person-years of follow-up, 182 participants developed HCC (518.34 per 105 person-years). Five trajectory groups of repeated measurement of HBV DNA were identified. The risk of HCC was significantly higher for the “high, fast-declined” group whose HBV DNA spontaneously decreased from > 2000 IU/mL at baseline compared with those with persistent undetected HBV DNA (reference group; 963.96 per 105 person-years, HR = 2.62, 95% CI, 1.82 to 3.77, P < 0.001). In addition, the “rebound” group whose HBV DNA level increased from undetectable level to > 20,000 IU/mL from baseline to the end of follow-up also showed an obviously higher cumulative HCC incidence rate (1193.29 per 105 person-years, HR = 4.17, 95% CI, 1.87 to 9.31, P < 0.001). The positive association remained stable after taking the potential effect of time-dependent antiviral treatment into account. Significant variability in serum levels of HBV DNA presented during long-term follow-up. Regular monitoring of serum levels of HBV DNA and antiviral treatment are required for the clinical management of CHB patients, as well as those with undetected HBV DNA.

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Challenges oncologists face when caring for hispanics living in puerto rico with colorectal cancer and multiple chronic conditions

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BMC cancer 2025年第1期25卷 1-12页

作者： Castañeda-Avila, Maira A. Latoni-Guillermety, Daniela Sabatino, Meagan Ortiz-Ortiz, Karen J. Lapane, Kate L. Division of Epidemiology Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School 55 Lake Ave North Worcester 01655 MA United States Duquesne University Pittsburgh PA United States Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program The University of Puerto Rico Comprehensive Cancer Center San Juan Puerto Rico Department of Health Services Administration Graduate School of Public Health Medical Sciences Campus University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death in Puerto Rico, posing significant challenges for patients with multiple chronic conditions (MCC). This qualitative study aimed to explore oncologists’ perspectives regarding the care of patients with CRC and MCC in Puerto Rico. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews in Spanish with nine oncologists providing care for patients with CRC in Puerto Rico. We reached data saturation. We performed thematic analysis to identify key patterns and themes within the interview data. The coding scheme evolved through team discussions, with discrepancies addressed for consistency. Quotes were translated from Spanish to English. Results: Five key themes were: (1) social determinants of health, (2) diagnosis pathways, (3) factors influencing treatment decisions, (4) survivorship and end-of-life care, and (5) care coordination and communication. Oncologists treating patients with CRC and MCC identified the lack of a social support network as a notable care coordination challenge. The health insurance system’s pre-authorization requirements for procedures and treatments further complicated care delivery, particularly for older adults, who faced challenges navigating these administrative processes without sufficient support. A lack of transportation and local specialized care services was a noted barrier to comprehensive patient care. Communication between patients, physician and caregivers proved challenging when multiple physicians and procedures were involved with patient’s care, often requiring patients to schedule appointments with different specialists themselves. Inter-provider communication primarily relied on phone calls or notes sent with the patient. Conclusions: Oncologists caring for Hispanic older adults with CRC and MCC encounter complex challenges influenced by unmet social needs and the presence of comorbidities. Tailored approaches, culturally sensitive care, and improved coord

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Embedding lifestyle interventions into cancer care: has telehealth narrowed the equity gap?

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Journal of the National cancer Institute - Monographs 2023年第61期2023卷 133-139页

作者： Dennett, Amy M Hirko, Kelly A Porter, Kathleen J Loh, Kah Poh Liao, Yue Yang, Lin Arem, Hannah Sukumar, Jasmine S Salerno, Elizabeth A Allied Health Clinical Research Office Eastern Health Bundoora VIC Australia School of Allied Health Human Services and Sport La Trobe University Bundoora VIC Australia Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics College of Human Medicine Michigan State University East Lansing MI United States Department of Public Health Sciences School of Medicine University of Virginia Charlottesville VA United States Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of Medicine James P. Wilmot Cancer Institute Rochester NY United States Department of Kinesiology College of Nursing and Health Innovation University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX United States Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research Alberta Health Services Calgary Canada Departments of Oncology and Community Health Sciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Calgary Canada Healthcare Delivery Research Program MedStar Health Research Institute WA United States Department of Breast Medical Oncology University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX United States Division of Public Health Sciences Department of Surgery Washington University School of Medicine St Louis MO United States

Lifestyle interventions targeting energy balance (ie, diet, exercise) are critical for optimizing the health and well-being of cancer survivors. Despite their benefits, access to these interventions is limited, especially in underserved populations, including older people, minority populations and those living in rural and remote areas. Telehealth has the potential to improve equity and increase access. This article outlines the advantages and challenges of using telehealth to support the integration of lifestyle interventions into cancer care. We describe 2 recent studies, GO-EXCAP and weSurvive, as examples of telehealth lifestyle intervention in underserved populations (older people and rural cancer survivors) and offer practical recommendations for future implementation. Innovative approaches to the use of telehealth-delivered lifestyle intervention during cancer survivorship offer great potential to reduce cancer burden. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: ***@***.

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Prevalence of Boko Haram crisis related depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptomatology among internally displaced persons in Yobe state, North East, Nigeria

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Journal of Affective Disorders Reports 2023年 13卷 100590-100590页

作者： Ibrahim, Usman Umar Abubakar Aliyu, Alhaji Abdulhakeem, Olorukooba Abayomi Abdulaziz, Mohammed Asiya, Muhammad Sabitu, Kabir Mohammed, Bomoi Idriss Muhammad, Balogun Shakir Mohammed, Bammami Isa Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program Abuja Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Africa Centers for disease control and prevention Addis Ababa Ethiopia Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Kaduna Nigeria

Background: Conflicts and disasters often result in large-scale population displacement due to destruction of properties, means of livelihood and the environment. Internal displacement has a significant effect on the mental health of affected populations. Depression and Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increase from 10% in the general population to 15%-20% in the crisis-affected population. Aim: To determine the Prevalence depression and PTSD symptomatology and factors that predispose to symptomatic depression and PTSD. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study of 450 internally displaced persons (IDPs) was conducted, using a multistage sampling technique. The Hopkins symptom checklist was used to screen participants for symptoms of depression, and the Harvard trauma questionnaire was used to diagnose PTSD. Result: The mean age of the IDPs was 35± *** 55.1% being females. About 94.2% met the criteria for symptoms of PTSD while 98.4% met the criteria for symptomatic depression. Some factors that predispose to both depression and PTSD were female gender and having symptoms of depression while having non-overcrowded accommodation has a protective effect. However only having symptoms of depression remained statistically significant. Conclusion: The study revealed that, PTSD and depression symptomatology were highly prevalent among the internally displaced persons. It is recommended that, Yobe State Government through Emergency Management Agency should develop psychosocial intervention program aimed to reach out to those IDPs for rehabilitation to avoid complications such as suicidal attempts. © 2023 The Author(s)

关键词： Boko Haram IDPs Mental Health Disorders North East Nigeria

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Personalized Biopsy Schedules Using an Interval-censored Cause-specific Joint Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Yang, Zhenwei Rizopoulos, Dimitris Heijnsdijk, Eveline A.M. Newcomb, Lisa F. Erler, Nicole S. Department of Biostatistics Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Epidemiology Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands Department of Public Health Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam Netherlands Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center Cancer Prevention Program Public Health Sciences SeattleWA United States

Active surveillance (AS), where biopsies are conducted to detect cancer progression, has been acknowledged as an efficient way to reduce the overtreatment of prostate cancer. Most AS cohorts use fixed biopsy schedules for all patients. However, the ideal test frequency remains unknown, and the routine use of such invasive tests burdens the patients. An emerging idea is to generate personalized biopsy schedules based on each patient’s progression-specific risk. To achieve that, we propose the interval-censored cause-specific joint model (ICJM), which models the impact of longitudinal biomarkers on cancer progression while considering the competing event of early treatment initiation. The underlying likelihood function incorporates the interval-censoring of cancer progression, the competing risk of treatment, and the uncertainty about whether cancer progression occurred since the last biopsy in patients that are right-censored or experience the competing event. The model can produce patient-specific risk profiles until a horizon time. If the risk exceeds a certain threshold, a biopsy is conducted. The optimal threshold can be chosen by balancing two indicators of the biopsy schedules: the expected number of biopsies and expected delay in detection of cancer progression. A simulation study showed that our personalized schedules could considerably reduce the number of biopsies per patient by 41%-52% compared to the fixed schedules, though at the cost of a slightly longer detection delay. © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Biopsy

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Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Close Contacts of Index Cases in 27 Universities in Beijing,China,2017-2018

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2020年第10期33卷 780-784页

作者： ZHAO Fei ZHANG Zhi Guo MA Shu Bo YANG Zhen HE Yan Ping WANG Lu Qin OWITI Philip MA Chao LI Tao DU Xin ZHANG Can You CHENG Jun WANG Li Xia HE Guang Xue ZHANG Hui LI Ke Xin Clinical Trial Center Beijing HospitalNational Center of Gerontology/Institute of Geriatric MedicineChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China National Center for TB Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases Yale School of Public HealthYale universityNew HavenCTUSA Beijing Changping Institute for Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment Beijing 102200China The International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease ParisFrance The National Tuberculosis Leprosy and Lung Disease ProgramNairobiKenya National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China Department of Science and Technology Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 102206China

The World Health Organization(WHO)launched the‘End TB Strategy’,which aims to reduce the mortality and incidence rate of tuberculosis(TB)by 95% and 90% by 2035,respectively,compared with the levels in *** achieve these targets and milestones,the strategy set three pillars and 10 indicators,one of which is systematic screening of contacts and high-risk groups[1].

关键词： mortality tuberculosis Cases

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Differential Age-Related Declines in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Between People With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

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Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality and Outcomes 2021年第4期5卷 743-752页

作者： Ortaglia, Andrew McDonald, Samantha M. Wirth, Michael D. Sui, Xuemei Bottai, Matteo Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia Department of Foundational Sciences and Research School of Dental Medicine East Carolina University Greenville NC United States College of Nursing Cancer Prevention and Control Program Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia Department of Exercise Science Arnold School of Public Health University of South Carolina Columbia Division of Biostatistics Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden

Objective: To assess the extent to which the established age-related decline in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is augmented in adult men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants and Methods: This study used data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, conducted between September 18, 1974, and August 3, 2006, in primarily non-Hispanic white, middle-to-upper class adults. The analyses were restricted to adult men with complete data on age, CRF, and T2DM (35,307 participants). Quantile regression models were used to estimate age-related differences in CRF, estimated using a maximal treadmill test, between persons with and without T2DM. Smoking status and birth cohort served as covariates. Results: Age-related declines in CRF were observed in men with and without T2DM. For men younger than 60 years, at low-mid percentiles of the CRF distribution the magnitude of the age-related decline in CRF was significantly higher (P-values=.00, .02) in men with T2DM than in those without T2DM. At upper percentiles, the decline with age between the 2 groups was virtually identical. Significant declines in CRF in men 45 years or younger were observed only at high levels of CRF for those without T2DM and at low levels of CRF for those with T2DM (P-values .00, .04). Conclusion: This study reported that men younger than 60 years with T2DM at the low-mid CRF percentiles experience an accelerated age-related decline in CRF. Men younger than 60 years with T2DM exhibiting high levels of CRF experienced a decline in CRF comparable to men without T2DM. This study highlights the importance of incorporating sufficient levels of exercise or activity to maintain high CRF in men with T2DM. © 2021 [Author/Employing Institution]

关键词： ACLS Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study CRF cardiorespiratory fitness NCD noncommunicable disease T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus V̇ o 2max maximum oxygen consumption

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Data gaps and opportunities for modeling cancer health equity

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Journal of the National cancer Institute - Monographs 2023年第62期2023卷 246-254页

作者： Trentham-Dietz, Amy Corley, Douglas A. Del Vecchio, Natalie J. Greenlee, Robert T. Haas, Jennifer S. Hubbard, Rebecca A. Hughes, Amy E. Kim, Jane J. Kobrin, Sarah Li, Christopher I. Meza, Rafael Neslund-Dudas, Christine M. Tiro, Jasmin A. Department of Population Health Sciences and Carbone Cancer Center School of Medicine and Public Health University of Wisconsin-Madison Madison WI United States Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California Oakland CA United States Division of Public Health Sciences Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA United States Marshfield Clinic Research Institute Marshfield WI United States Division of General Internal Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA United States Department of Biostatistics Epidemiology and Informatics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Department of Population and Data Sciences University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX United States Department of Health Policy and Management Center for Health Decision Science Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health Boston MA United States Healthcare Delivery Research Program Division of Cancer Control & Population Sciences National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville MD United States Department of Integrative Oncology British Columbia (BC) Cancer Research Institute Vancouver BC Canada Department of Public Health Sciences and Henry Ford Cancer Henry Ford Health Detroit MI United States Department of Public Health Sciences University of Chicago Biological Sciences Division University of Chicago Medicine Comprehensive Cancer Center Chicago IL United States

Population models of cancer reflect the overall US population by drawing on numerous existing data resources for parameter inputs and calibration targets. Models require data inputs that are appropriately representative, collected in a harmonized manner, have minimal missing or inaccurate values, and reflect adequate sample sizes. Data resource priorities for population modeling to support cancer health equity include increasing the availability of data that 1) arise from uninsured and underinsured individuals and those traditionally not included in health-care delivery studies, 2) reflect relevant exposures for groups historically and intentionally excluded across the full cancer control continuum, 3) disaggregate categories (race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, gender, sexual orientation, etc.) and their intersections that conceal important variation in health outcomes, 4) identify specific populations of interest in clinical databases whose health outcomes have been understudied, 5) enhance health records through expanded data elements and linkage with other data types (eg, patient surveys, provider and/or facility level information, neighborhood data), 6) decrease missing and misclassified data from historically underrecognized populations, and 7) capture potential measures or effects of systemic racism and corresponding intervenable targets for change. © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: ***@***.

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Association of human leukocyte antigen-DR-DQ-DP haplotypes with the risk of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatoma Research 2022年第1期8卷 78-89页

作者： Yifan Chen Jiansheng Lin Yang Deng Wenbin Liu Zishuai Li Xinyu Zhou Shiliang Cai Rui Pu Jianhua Yin Xiaojie Tan Jun Zhao Xue Han Guangwen Cao Department of Epidemiology Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Epidemiology School of MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632GuangdongChina School of Public Health Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesTaian 271000ShandongChina Department of Surgery the third affiliated hospitalSecond Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Division of Chronic Diseases Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yangpu DistrictShanghai 200433China Key Laboratory of Signaling Regulation and Targeting Therapy of Liver Cancer Ministry of EducationShanghai 200433China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary Tumor Biology Shanghai 200433China

Aim:Genetic polymorphisms of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)class II molecules are associated with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)*** aimed to investigate the impacts of HLA-II haplotypes on viral evolution and the risks of HBV-caused liver ***:HLA-DR-DQ-DP haplotypes were estimated in 1210 healthy controls,296 HBV clearance subjects,301 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen carriers,770 chronic hepatitis B patients,443 HBV-related liver cirrhosis(LC)patients,and 1037 HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)*** mutations were determined by *** associations of HLA-DR-DQ-DP haplotypes with viral mutations and the risks of liver diseases were assessed by multivariate logistic ***:Compared to HBV-free subjects,the haplotypes CCAACG,CCGACG,TCAATA,and TCGATA were associated with decreased HCC risk,with an odds ratio(OR)[95%confidence interval(CI)]of 0.62(0.40-0.95),0.60(0.39-0.92),0.73(0.54-0.98),and 0.58(0.42-0.78),***,CCGACG,and TCAATA were significantly associated with decreased frequencies of the HCC-risk HBV mutations:preS1 deletion,APOBECsignature HBV mutations in the core promoter and preS regions,A51C/T,G104C/T,and G146C/*** and TTAACG were associated with increased LC risk,with an OR(95%CI)of 1.54(1.03-2.30)and 2.23(1.50-3.33),***,TCGATA and TTAACG were not consistently associated with the cirrhosis-risk HBV ***:CCAACG,CCGACG,and TCAATA are inversely associated with HCC risk,possibly because they are involved in creating an immune microenvironment attenuating the generation of HCC-risk HBV *** and TTAACG might predispose the polarity of immunity towards Th17 isotype related to LC.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B HBV mutation hepatocellular carcinoma human leukocyte antigen class II haplotype

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