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13th International Conference on the Simulation and Synthesis of Living Systems: Artificial Life 13, ALIFE 2012

作者： Snyder, David Goudarzi, Alireza Teuscher, Christof Department of Computer Science Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States Systems Science Graduate Program Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Portland State University Portland OR 97201 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780262310505

Reservoir Computing (RC) is a computational model in which a trained readout layer interprets the dynamics of a component called a reservoir that is excited by external input stimuli. The reservoir is often constructed using homogeneous neural networks in which a neuron's in-degree distributions as well as its functions are uniform. RC lends itself to computing with physical and biological systems. However, most such systems are not homogeneous. In this paper, we use Random Boolean Networks (RBN) to build the reservoir. We explore the computational capabilities of such a RC device using the temporal parity task and the temporal density classification. We study the sufficient dynamics of RBNs using kernel quality and generalization rank measures. We verify findings by Lizier et al. (2008) that the critical connectivity of RBNs optimizes the balance between the high memory capacity of RBNs with (K) 2. We show that in a RBN-based RC system, the optimal connectivity for the parity task, a processing intensive task, and the density classification task, a memory intensive task, agree with Lizier et al.'s theoretical results. Our findings may contribute to the development of optimal selfassembled nanoelectronic computer architectures and biologically-inspired computing paradigms. © 2012 Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

关键词： computer architecture

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Hybrid clutter canceler with feedback guided predicative filtering on a heterogeneous parallel processing system

Hybrid clutter canceler with feedback guided predicative fil...

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International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference, WDD 2012

作者： Brinkhus, Jeffrey M. Jezak, Joseph A. Berdanier, Charles Levitan, Steven P. Chiarulli, Donald M. Electical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh United States Computer Engineering Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh United States Electrical Engineering Wright State University United States Computer Science Department University of Pittsburgh United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509005987

In this paper we describe a novel clutter cancellation platform based on a two stage approach that combines a feedback guided predictive front-end hybrid clutter canceller with high performance back-end filtering and target detection. The front-end architecture is based on an FPGA implementation of a Kalman filter that predicts target locations in real time and removes the target signals from the incoming data prior to hybrid cancellation. The back-end is user configurable and exploits high performance GPU and multi-core parallel hardware to simultaneously compute multiple clutter suppression and target detection algorithms coupled to an intelligent selection strategy for selecting the most accurate result. These target locations are fed back to the FPGA Kalman filter periodically to update the target predictions. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Accelerated DSP functions on the CBE for the X-Midas Toolkit

Accelerated DSP functions on the CBE for the X-Midas Toolkit

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International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference, WDD 2012

作者： Jezak, Joseph A. Berdanier, Charles Levitan, Steven P. Chiarulli, Donald M. Computer Engineering Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh United States USAF AFRL/RYMDA Wright Patterson Air Force Base United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh United States Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781509005987

We characterize the impact of the Cell Broadband Engine architecture, on commonly used radar DSP algorithms. We use the capabilities of the CBE to accelerate several key computational kernels including Matrix Multiplication, Matrix Inversion, and the Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter. These algorithms are implemented and benchmarked as library routines within the X-Midas Toolkit. We observe speedups as large as 1200x for complex matrix multiplication, but speedups of 40x to 60x are more typical. We find that system I/O overhead within the X-Midas toolkit severely limited the performance of the applications. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： FIR filters

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An object-based bayesian framework for top-down visual attention 26

An object-based bayesian framework for top-down visual atten...

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26th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and the 24th Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference, AAAI-12 / IAAI-12

作者： Borji, Ali Sihite, Dicky N. Itti, Laurent Department of Computer Science University of Southern California 3641 Watt Way Los Angeles CA 90089-2520 United States Departments of Computer Science and Psychology Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Southern California Los Angeles CA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781577355687

We introduce a new task-independent framework to model top-down overt visual attention based on graphical models for probabilistic inference and reasoning. We describe a Dynamic Bayesian Network (DBN) that infers probability distributions over attended objects and spatial locations directly from observed data. Probabilistic inference in our model is performed over object-related functions which are fed from manual annotations of objects in video scenes or by state-of-the-art object detection models. Evaluating over ∼3 hours (appx. 315,000 eye fixations and 12,600 saccades) of observers playing 3 video games (time-scheduling, driving, and flight combat), we show that our approach is significantly more predictive of eye fixations compared to: 1) simpler classifier-based models also developed here that map a signature of a scene (multi-modal information from gist, bottom-up saliency, physical actions, and events) to eye positions, 2) 14 state-of-the-art bottom-up saliency models, and 3) brute-force algorithms such as mean eye position. Our results show that the proposed model is more effective in employing and reasoning over spatio-temporal visual data. Copyright © 2012, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. All rights reserved.

关键词： Object detection

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Forces of Orthodontic Closed Coil Springs Measured using Fiber Bragg Gratings

Forces of Orthodontic Closed Coil Springs Measured using Fib...

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Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference, LAOP 2012

作者： Milczewski, Maura Scandelari Dinisio, Felipe Gonçalves Martelli, Cicero Borges, Paulo César Kalinowski, Hypolito José da Cunha, José Carlos Munhoz Federal University of Technology - Paraná Curitiba80230-901 Brazil Graduate Program on Electrical Engineering and Applied Computer Science Canada Department of Mechanical Engineering Brazilian Dentistry Association Paraná Brazil

The aim of this study is to compare forces generated by three different orthodontic closed coil springs supplied by three companies, optical fiber Bragg gratins are used to evaluate the force of closing of springs. &#... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529589

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

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Induction of metallothionein expression during monocyte to melanoma-associated macrophage differentiation

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Frontiers in Biology 2012年第4期7卷 359-367页

作者： Yingbin GE Rikka AZUMA Bethsebah GEKONGE Alfonso LOPEZ-CORAL Min XIAO Gao ZHANG Xiaowei XU Luis J. MONTANER Zhi WEI Meenhard HERLYN Tao WANG Russel E. KAUFMAN Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program The Wistar Institute Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Department of Physiology Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 210029 China Undergraduate Program University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis Program The Wistar Institute Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Graduate Program The Catholic University of America Washington DC 20064 USA Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Department of Computer Science New Jersey Institute of Technology NJ 07102 USA

Tumor-associated macrophages （TAMs） play a critical role in melanoma growth and metastasis. Infiltration of TAMs correlates with the poor prognosis of melanoma. TAMs are differentiated from monocytes in response to the tumor microenvironment cue. However, the mechanism how TAMs adapt to the tumor microenvironment after differentiation from monocytes is not fully understood. In addition, specific identification of TAMs in melanoma is difficult because the expression of the most commonly used macrophage marker, CD68, is also expressed in melanoma cells. In an earlier study, we found by gene microarray analysis that seven members of the metallothionein （MTs） family were upregulated in melanoma-conditioned medium induced macrophages （MCIM-MO）. MTs have been implicated in zinc metabolism and inflammation. In the present study, we confirmed that expression of metallothionein is induced in M-CSF differentiated macrophages （M-CSF/M~） and MCIM-M~ at both the mRNA and protein levels using real-time PCR, immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis. Furthermore, we demonstrated the presence of metallothionein in melanoma tissues in vivo and that metallothionein was co-localized with TAMs markers, CD68 and CD163. Finally, we demonstrated the induction of the zinc importer gene Zip8 both in M-CSF/MO and MCIM-MO. Our study identifies metallothionein as a novel marker for TAMs and suggests that metaliothionein might play important roles in macrophage adaptation and function in the tumor microenvironment.

关键词： melanoma macrophages metallothionein

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Configurable clutter models for radar simulation

Configurable clutter models for radar simulation

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International Waveform Diversity and Design Conference

作者： Joseph A. Jezak Guy Gadola Charles Berdanier Steven P. Levitan Donald M. Chiarulli Computer Engineering Graduate Program University of Pittsburgh Department of Electrical Engineering Wright State University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh

In this paper we describe an extension to the MATLAB Phased Array Toolkit that adds a configurable clutter object to model clutter signals returned along a specified signal path. The clutter model is based on the Simkins Unified Clutter Model[1]. The current implementation supports sea clutter in any of five sea states with configurable polarization, grazing angle, and beam width. We describe the implementation and give examples of modeled clutter returns.

关键词： Clutter Object oriented modeling Mathematical model Reflectivity Radar Computational modeling Arrays

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Clinical "MUTATOME" Of Myelodysplastic Syndrome;Comparison To Primary Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

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BLOOD 2013年第21期122卷 518-518页

作者： Makishima, Hideki LaFramboise, Thomas Przychodzen, Bartlomiej P. Yoshida, Kenichi Ruffalo, Matthew Gomez-Segui, Ines Husseinzadeh, Holleh D. Shiraishi, Yuichi Sanada, Masashi Nagata, Yasunobu Sato, Yusuke Sato-Otsubo, Aiko Chiba, Kenichi Tanaka, Hiroko Nakamaki, Tsuyoshi Hofmann, Wolf-Karsten Miyawaki, Shuichi Shih, Lee-Yung Chiba, Shigeru Miyano, Satoru Hosono, Naoko Polprasert, Chantana Thota, Swapna Dienes, Brittney Guinta, Kathryn M. Sauntharatajah, Yogen Sekeres, Mikkael A. Ogawa, Seishi Maciejewski, Jaroslaw P. Translational Hematology and Oncology Research Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland OH USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA Department of Pathology and Tumor biology Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA Hematology Department University Hospital La Fe Valencia Spain Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis Human Genome Center Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Pathology and Tumor Biology Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto Japan Cancer Genomics Project Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Laboratory of Sequence Data Analysis Human Genome Center Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Division of Hematology Department of Medicine Showa University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Hematology and Oncology University Hospital Mannheim Mannheim Germany Division of Hematology Department of Internal Medicine Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital Tokyo Japan Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Hematology Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba Tsukuba Japan Translational Hematology Oncology Research Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland OH USA Department of Translational Hematology and Oncology Research Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA Translational Hematology and Oncology Research Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA Leukemia Program Department of Hematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland Clinic Cleveland OH USA

Chromosomal aberrations and somatic mutations constitute key elements of the pathogenesis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), a clonal hematologic malignancy characterized by cytopenias, a dysplastic bone marrow and propensity to clonal evolution. Next generation sequencing (NGS) enables definition of somatic mutational patterns and clonal architecture as a discovery platform, and for clinical *** systematically applied NGS to 707 cases of MDS and MDS-related disorders. 205 cases (low-risk MDS: N=78, high-risk MDS: N=42, MDS/MPN: N=48 and sAML: N=37) were tested by whole exome sequencing (WES). For validation in an additional 502 patients (low-risk MDS: N=192, high-risk MDS: N=104, MDS/MPN: N=111 and sAML: N=95), targeted deep NGS was applied for 60 index genes which were most commonly affected in the cohort analyzed by WES. For NGS data analysis a statistical pipeline was developed to focus on: i) identification of the most relevant somatic mutations, and ii) minimization of false positive results. We studied serial samples from 21 exemplary informative patients. We also compared somatic mutational patterns to those seen in primary AML TCGA cohort (N=201). Given the size of the cohort, there was, for example, a 87% chance of seeing mutations at a frequency of 1% and a 98% of seeing those with a frequency of 2%. While focusing on the most common events, we observed 1117 somatic mutations in 199 genes. The 88 genes mutated mutated in >1% of cases with MDS carried 388 mutations in MDS+sAML (2.5/case), 128 in MDS/MPN (2.7/case) and 398 in pAML (2.0/case). The average number of mutations per case increased during progression (2.2 in lower-risk, 2.8 in higher-risk MDS, 3.4 in sAML). In MDS, the 30 most frequently affected genes were present at least once in 70% of patients. The 30 most frequently mutated genes in MDS/MPN were mutated in 82% of patients. Individual mutations were also sub-grouped according to their function. When we compared three MDS subcateg

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Anomaly based intrusion detection in wireless networks using Bayesian classifier

Anomaly based intrusion detection in wireless networks using...

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International Workshop on Advanced Computational Intelligence (IWACI)

作者： Myungsook Klassen Ning Yang Computer Science Department California Lutheran University Thousand Oaks CA USA Computer Science Graduate Program California Lutheran University Thousand Oaks CA USA

Ad hoc wireless network with black hole attacks, denial of service attacks and malicious attacks are investigated to study if we can detect harmful activities in a timely manner. A popular simulator NS2 was used to create a controlled wireless network environment. The network was built with 33 nodes with AODV protocol and traffic data was collected from the network. The probability based Naïve Bayesian classifier was used with 10 attributed derived from the traffic data. The classification rates obtained is over 97% when numeric attribute values are discretized in Naïve Bayesian classifier. It is observed that in our network simulation, denial-of-service attacks and black hole attacks are always correctly detected while malicious attacks and normal traffic are not.

关键词： Wireless networks Routing protocols Bayesian methods Intrusion detection computer crime Ad hoc networks

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Reversible JPEG Data Hiding Based on EMD

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通讯和计算机（中英文版） 2012年第10期9卷 1135-1141页

作者： Wen-Chung Kuo Shao-Hung Kuo Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Yunlin University of Science & Technology Yunlin 672 Taiwan Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology Doctoral Program National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin 640 Taiwan

As the rapid growth of smart phone technology, people have a lot of digital image information such as digital photos or videos. Both data hiding and data compression are very important technologies in image processing field. On the overview, it seems that there is no relationship between data hiding and data compression because data hiding mechanisms focus on information security and data compression mechanisms emphasize the compression ratio. However, the more secret data is embedded, the more capacity the stego image increases. Actually, they are closely related. Until now, there are many literatures to discuss the secret data how to be embedded into the media image and keeps the original capacity as soon as possible. In this paper, a reversible data hiding scheme based on EMD data hiding and JPEG (Joint Picture Experts Group) compression technology will be proposed. According to experimental results, the authors can prove that our proposed scheme maintains high embedding capacity, security and good compression ratio.

关键词：数据隐藏 JPEG EMD 可逆数字图像信息数据嵌入压缩技术数据压缩

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