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114th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2007

作者： Nagchaudhuri, Abhijit Mitra, Madhumi Stoakley, Rose Turner, Tiara Cherinet, Suraf Ladd, Gabriel Chalyam, Harsha Hartman, Christopher Burrows-Mcelwain, James B. University of Maryland-Eastern Shore United States Department of Engineering and Aviation Sciences University of Maryland Eastern Shore United States ASME SME ASEE Department of Biology and Environmental Science University of Maryland Eastern Shore United States Biology Education Program UMES France Mathematics Program University of Maryland Eastern Shore Department of Mathemtics and Computer Sciences United States Aviation Science Program University of Maryland Eastern Shore United States Graduate Program UMES United States Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Maryland Eastern Shore United States Aviation Science Program Department of Engineering and Aviation Science University of Maryland Eastern Shore United States Aviation Program Department of Engineering and Aviation Sciences Aviation Program

With support from HBCU-UP (Historically Black College and University Undergraduate program) at National science Foundation (NSF), the ACTION (Advanced Curriculum and Technology-Based Instructional Opportunities Network) program at University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES) is promoting inquiry based active learning and research projects among undergraduate STEM (science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) majors. Field based experiential learning efforts titled (i) AIRSPACES: Aerial Imaging and Remote Sensing for Precision Agriculture and Environmental Stewardship and (ii) ECPA: Environmentally Conscious Precision Agriculture, provided a perfect setting for STEM undergraduates to interact with UMES farm personnel, graduate students, NASA and USDA researchers collaborating with the faculty members in the project. In the summer of 2006 ACTION program supported three undergraduate students to work with the principal author to work on a chosen aspect of the ongoing effort. For this ACTION project students decided to focus on aspects of yield monitoring and remote sensing for the precision agriculture project at UMES. This paper will highlight the student efforts related to the ACTION project for 2006 summer and discuss how the out of classroom, field, and laboratory based activities enhanced learning. © American Society for Engineering Education, 2007.

关键词： Learning systems

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The constraints of the valuation distribution for solving a class of games by using a best response algorithm

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International Journal of Manufacturing Technology and Management 2007年第4期12卷 327-341页

作者： Gangshu, Cai Jie, Zhong Wurman, Peter R. Management Information Systems and Decision Sciences Texas A and M International University Laredo TX 78041 United States Management Information Systems and Decision Sciences Department Texas A and M International University United States Operations Research and Computer Science North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695-7535 United States SAS Institute Cary United States Operations Research and Computer Science Graduate Program North Carolina State University United States Computer Science Department North Carolina State University United States

Infinite games with incomplete information are common in practice. First-price, sealed-bid auctions are a prototypical example. To solve this kind of infinite game, a heuristic approach is to discretise the strategy spaces and enumerate to approximate the equilibrium strategies. However, an approximate algorithm might not be guaranteed to converge. This paper discusses the utilisation of a best response algorithm in solving infinite games with incomplete information. We show the constraints of the valuation distributions define the necessary conditions of the convergence of the best response algorithm for several classes of infinite games, including auctions. A salient feature of the necessary convergence conditions lies in that they can be employed to compute the exact Nash equilibria without discretising the strategy space if the best response algorithm converges. Copyright © 2007 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Game theory

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An information theoretic framework for eukaryotic gradient sensing 19

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20th Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NIPS 2006

作者： Kimmel, Joseph M. Salter, Richard M. Thomas, Peter J. Computer Science Program Oberlin College Oberlin OH 44074 United States Department of Mathematics Biology and Cognitive Science Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH 44106 United States Computational Neuroscience Graduate Program University of Chicago United States Center for Computation and Modeling United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780262195683

Chemical reaction networks by which individual cells gather and process information about their chemical environments have been dubbed "signal transduction" networks. Despite this suggestive terminology, there have been few attempts to analyze chemical signaling systems with the quantitative tools of information theory. Gradient sensing in the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum is a well characterized signal transduction system in which a cell estimates the direction of a source of diffusing chemoattractant molecules based on the spatiotemporal sequence of ligand-receptor binding events at the cell membrane. Using Monte Carlo techniques (MCell) we construct a simulation in which a collection of individual ligand particles undergoing Brownian diffusion in a three-dimensional volume interact with receptors on the surface of a static amoeboid cell. Adapting a method for estimation of spike train entropies described by Victor (originally due to Kozachenko and Leonenko), we estimate lower bounds on the mutual information between the transmitted signal (direction of ligand source) and the received signal (spatiotemporal pattern of receptor binding/unbinding events). Hence we provide a quantitative framework for addressing the question: how much could the cell know, and when could it know it? We show that the time course of the mutual information between the cell's surface receptors and the (unknown) gradient direction is consistent with experimentally measured cellular response times. We find that the acquisition of directional information depends strongly on the time constant at which the intracellular response is filtered.

关键词： Ligands

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The Node Reliability Approach to Broadcasting in Manets: Raising Reliability With Low End-to-End Delay

The Node Reliability Approach to Broadcasting in Manets: Rai...

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IEEE Internatonal Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems (MASS)

作者： Talmai Oliveira Fabiola Greve Computer Science Department (DCC) Mechatronics Graduate Program Federal University of Bahia Salvador Brazil

This paper evaluates how well a significant number of broadcasting protocols for MANETs behave when under a realistic scenario of momentary failures and topology changes, which is represented by an omission fault model. Reliable protocols which use additional mechanisms to ensure higher delivery rates beyond best- effort guarantees - have been proposed, but they exhibit unacceptably high end-to-end delays. As a result of the study conducted, a new mechanism that helps to enhance the reliability of deterministic broadcasting protocols is proposed. The mechanism allows for scalability, and is capable of ensuring good delivery rates (in spite of failures) while maintaining lower end-to-end delays. Simulation results demonstrate the efficacy of the mechanism.

关键词： Broadcasting Delay Mobile ad hoc networks Scalability Maintenance computer science Mechatronics Routing protocols Network topology computer crashes

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Decision fusion of circulating markers for breast cancer detection in premenopausal women

Decision fusion of circulating markers for breast cancer det...

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7th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, BIBE

作者： Jesneck, Jonathan L. Mukherjee, Sayan Nolte, Loren W. Lokshin, Anna E. Marks, Jeffrey R. Lo, Joseph Department of Biomedical Engineering Department of Statistical Science Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Program Duke Advanced Imaging Labs. Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy Department of Computer Science Duke University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Hematology/Oncology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Department of Experimental Surgery Duke University Medical Center Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Durham NC 27708 United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424415098

Current mammographic screeningfor breast cancer is less effective for younger women. To complement mammography for premenopausal women, we investigated the feasibility screening test using 98 blood serum proteins. Because the data set was very noisy and contained only weak features, we used a classifier designed for noisy data: decision fusion. Decision fusion outperformed both a support vector machine (SVM) and linear regression with forward stepwise feature selection on all three two-class classification tasks: normal tissue vs. cancer, normal tissue vs. benign lesions, and benign lesions vs. cancer. Decision fusion detected cancer moderately well (AUC=0.84 on normal vs. cancer), demonstrating promise as a screening tool. Decision fusion also detected benign lesions similarly well (AUC=0.83 on normal vs. benign lesions) and was the only classifier to achieve any success in separating benign from malignant lesions (AUC=0.64 on benign vs. cancer). The classification results suggest that the assayed proteins are more indicative of a secondary effect, such as immune response, rather than specific for breast cancer. In conclusion, the decision fusion classifier demonstrated some promise in detecting breast lesions and outperformed other classifiers, especially for the very noisy classification problem of distinguishing benign from malignant lesions. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Tissue

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Advances in Discrete Tomography and Its Applications 1

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丛书名： Applied and Numerical Harmonic Analysis

2007年

作者： Gabor T. Herman Attila Kuba

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Real-time recognition of traffic signs using opponent color filters

Real-time recognition of traffic signs using opponent color ...

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14th World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems, ITS 2007

作者： Baba, Kyoko Hirai, Yuzo Master's Program in Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Ten-nodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan Department of Computer Science Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Ten-nodai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781617387777

In order to assist driver's vision, a real-time recognition system for traffic signs is proposed. After detecting sign candidates, biologically inspired opponent-color filters are used to extract symbol parts of signs. After normalizing the size of symbol, structural features are calculated to identify the sign. 5572 segmented images are used to design the algorithm. In a real-time system, the same sign in a sequence of frames is tracked, and a majority vote is used to integrate the recognition results. For test data, 93.8% recall rate and 99.3% precision rate could be attained. In-vehicle experiment also showed high recall and precision rates.

关键词： Traffic signs

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Structural characterization of RNA-binding sites of proteins: Preliminary results

Structural characterization of RNA-binding sites of proteins...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine Workshops (BIBMW)

作者： Fadi Towfic David C. Gemperline Cornelia Caragea Feihong Wu Drena Dobbs Vasant Honavar Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program Iowa State University Ames IA USA Department of Biology Department of Chemistry Carthage College Kenosha WI USA Department of Computer Science Iowa State University Ames IA USA Department of Genetics Development and Cell Biology Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program Iowa State University Ames IA USA Department of Computer Science Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program Iowa State University Ames IA USA

We explore whether protein-RNA interfaces differ from non-interfaces in terms of their structural features and whether structural features vary according to the type of the bound RNA (e.g., mRNA, siRNA...etc), using a non-redundant dataset of 147 protein chains extracted from protein-RNA complexes in the protein data bank. Our analysis of surface roughness, solid angle and CX value of amino acid residues for each of the protein chains in the dataset shows that: The protein-RNA interface residues tend to be protruding compared to non-interface residues and tend to have higher surface roughness and exhibit moderately convex or concave solid angles. Furthermore, the protein chains in protein-RNA interfaces that contain Viral RNA and rRNA significantly differ from those that contain dsRNA, mRNA siRNA, snRNA, SRP RNA and tRNA with respect to their CX values. The results of this analysis sug gests the possibility of using such structural features to reliably identify protein-RNA interface residues when the structure of the protein is available but the structures of complexes formed by the protein with RNA are not.

关键词： RNA Protein engineering Biology computing Amino acids Bioinformatics computer interfaces Rough surfaces Surface roughness Solids Machine learning

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Design and Evaluation of a Grid Computing Based Architecture for Integrating Heterogeneous IDSs

Design and Evaluation of a Grid Computing Based Architecture...

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IEEE GLOBECOM 2007 - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference

作者： Paulo F. Silva Carlos B. Westphall Carla M. Westphall Marcos Dias de Assuncao Network and Management Laboratory Post-Graduate Program in Computer Science Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianopolis Brazil Grid Computing and Distributed Systems Laboratory Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Melbourne VIC Australia

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have been substantially improved in recent past. However, network attacks have become more sophisticated and increasingly complex: many of current attacks are coordinated and originated in multiple networks. To detect these attacks, IDSs need to obtain information on network events from multiple networks or administrative domains. This work demonstrates that a Distributed IDS (DIDS) can be composed of existing IDSs, improving the detection of misuses in a multiple network environment. We use a grid middleware for creating a service-based intrusion detection grid. We demonstrate through experimental results that the proposed DIDS allows the integration of heterogeneous existing IDSs and improves the detection of attacks by exploring the synergy between existing IDSs.

关键词： Grid computing computer architecture Intrusion detection Resource management Laboratories computer science Electronic mail Middleware computer network management Engineering management

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Interpreting cabinet approval ratings by neural networks

Interpreting cabinet approval ratings by neural networks

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IASTED International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Applications, AIA 2007

作者： Kamimura, Ryotaro Yoshida, Fumihiko Kitajima, Ryozo Information Science Laboratory Information Technology Center Tokai University 1117 Kitakaname Hiratsuka Kanagawa 259-1292 Japan Department of Media Studies Tokai University 1117 Kitakaname Hiratsuka Kanagawa 259-1292 Japan Graduate Program in Computer Sciences Tokai University 1117 Kitakaname Hiratsuka Kanagawa 259-1292 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9780889866317

In this paper, we try to estimate Japan's cabinet approval ratings by using neural networks. In addition, we try to extract the important features in input patterns. This is the first attempt to use neural networks and to interpret the mechanism of inference for approval estimation in a comprehensive way. Experimental results show that neural networks have much better performance than that obtained by the standard regression analysis in terms of training and testing errors. The information loss analysis reveals that the first variable, that is, the previous ratings should play the most important role in inference. Though the experimental result here shown is a preliminary one, it certainly suggests a possibility of the automatic inference of cabinet approval ratings.

关键词： Feature extraction

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