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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Zachery R. Hernandez Jesus Cruz-Garza Teresa Tse Jose L. Contreras-Vidal Non-Invasive Brain-Machine Interface Systems Laboratory at the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston (UH) Center for Robotics and Intelligent Systems Tecnologico de Monterrey

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479276

The mirror neuron system (MNS) in humans is thought to enable an individual's understanding of the meaning of actions performed by others and the potential imitation and learning of those actions. In humans, electroencephalographic (EEG) changes in sensorimotor a-band at central electrodes, which desynchronizes both during execution and observation of goal-directed actions (i.e., μ suppression), have been considered an analog to MNS function. However, methodological and developmental issues, as well as the nature of generalized μ suppression to imagined, observed, and performed actions, have yet to provide a mechanistic relationship between EEG μ-rhythm and MNS function, and the extent to which EEG can be used to infer intent during MNS tasks remains unknown. In this study we present a novel methodology using active EEG and inertial sensors to record brain activity and behavioral actions from freely-behaving infants during exploration, imitation, attentive rest, pointing, reaching and grasping, and interaction with an actor. We used δ-band (1-4Hz) EEG as input to a dimensionality reduction algorithm (locality-preserving Fisher's discriminant analysis, LFDA) followed by a neural classifier (Gaussian mixture models, GMMs) to decode the each MNS task performed by freely-behaving 6-24 month old infants during interaction with an adult actor. Here, we present results from a 20-month male infant to illustrate our approach and show the feasibility of EEG-based classification of freely occurring MNS behaviors displayed by an infant. These results, which provide an alternative to the μ-rhythm theory of MNS function, indicate the informative nature of EEG in relation to intentionality (goal) for MNS tasks which may support action-understanding and thus bear implications for advancing the understanding of MNS function.

关键词： Electroencephalography Scalp Acceleration Training Coherence Electrodes Testing

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Emotion analysis of children's stories with context information

Emotion analysis of children's stories with context informat...

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Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA)

作者： Zhengchen Zhang Minghui Dong Shuzhi Sam Ge Human Language Technology Department Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R) A *STAR Singapore Robotics Institute University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Social Robotics Laboratory National University of Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781479942503

In this paper, we analyse the emotion of children's stories in sentence level by considering the context information. We demonstrate that the emotion of a sentence is not only dependent on its content, but also affected by its neighbours in a story. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based method is proposed to model the emotion sequence and to detect whether a sentence is neutral or not. We show the important features for emotion detection by studying a children's story corpus. An empirical evaluation is conducted to investigate the efficiency of the model. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve competitive performance with the state-of-the-art methods, and it is affected more slightly by the training set than traditional classification methods. Classifier fusion is applied to combine different methods to achieve better results.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Training Accuracy Support vector machines Testing Feature extraction Context

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Three dimensional adjustable cavity for flexible singulation of multiple medications in an automated medication dispenser

Three dimensional adjustable cavity for flexible singulation...

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2012 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering: Green Automation Toward a Sustainable Society, CASE 2012

作者： Toh, C.K. Ng, S.L.J. Tan, Y.O. Human Factors Engineering Programme Computer Graphics and Interface Department Institute of Infocomm Research Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9781467304283

In the development of an effective medication management system to improve medication adherence, the challenge of flexibly dispensing of medications of multiple sizes and shapes was encountered. It is found that most of the medication dispensers in the market, as well as the feeding and orienting mechanisms in manufacturing sector, are customized to be operated with objects of specific size. In view of the inflexibility of those mechanisms, we proposed a novel method to handle and singulate medications of different sizes and shapes. A three dimensional adjustable cavity is designed as a carrier to separate and dispense one pill at a time. Rotational reciprocating vibration is then designed to provide centrifugal effect to the objects in hopper, in order to assist the singulation. An angle inclination test has been performed on the prototype built to investigate the optimum inclination of the feeding hopper. Preliminary testing has shown propitious results for dispensing round shape tablets of various sizes. The prototype built validated the concept of three dimensional adjustable cavity as a novel singulation technique. The mechanism is not only restricted to the dispensing of various sizes of pills, but has the potential to be implemented in dispensing or feeding of other objects in applications like vending machine, manufacturing system and etc. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Dispensers

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Visuohaptic discrimination of 3D gross shape

Visuohaptic discrimination of 3D gross shape

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作者： Kim, Kwangtaek Barni, Mauro Prattichizzo, Domenico Tan, Hong Z. Haptic Interface Research Lab. School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette IN United States Department of Information Engineering University of Siena Siena Italy Department of Advanced Robotics Istituto Italiano di Technologia Genova Italy

human sensitivity to 3D gross shape changes was measured for the visual and haptic sensory channels. Three volume-invariant affine transformations were defined: compressing, shearing and stretching. Participants discriminated a reference 3D object (cube or sphere) from its deformed shape under three experimental conditions: visual only (on a computer monitor), haptic only (through a point-contact force-feedback device) and visuohaptic simulations. The results indicate that vision is more sensitive to gross shape changes than point-based touch, and that vision dominated in the visuohaptic condition. In the haptic alone condition, thresholds were higher for shearing and stretching than for compressing. Thresholds were otherwise similar for the three transformations in the vision only or visuohaptic conditions. These trends were similar for the two shapes tested. A second experiment, conducted under similar conditions but preventing participants from manipulating object orientations, verified that the main conclusion of our research still holds when visual inspection can rely only on a single perspective view of the object. Our earlier studies on 3D visuohaptic watermarking showed that the haptic channel is more sensitive to surface texture and roughness changes than vision. The thresholds from the present and our earlier studies can potentially be used as the upper limits for selecting watermark strengths in order to ensure watermark imperceptibility in a 3D visuohaptic watermarking system. © 2012 BRILL.

关键词： Watermarking

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Development and evaluation of an in-vehicle haptic navigation system 1

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4th International Conference on Information Technology Convergence and Services, ITCS 2012 and 9th FTRA International Conference on Secure and Trust Computing, Data Management, and Applications, STA 2012

作者： Hwang, Jungsik Chung, Kyungmi Hyun, Jinshil Ryu, Jeha Cho, Kwangsu Cognitive Engineering Laboratory Department of Interaction Science Sungkyunkwan University Seoul Korea Republic of Human-Machine-Computer Interface Laboratory Department of Mechatronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Korea Republic of

ISBN: (数字)9789400750838

ISBN: (纸本)9789400750821

In this paper, we proposed an in-vehicle haptic navigation system to overcome some limitations of current in-vehicle navigation aid systems. The haptic interface using vibrotactile signals with a 5-by-5 tactor array was installed on the back of the chair. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed system in various cognitive load conditions, we implemented a visual search experiment using a flicker paradigm. Sixteen participants were recruited to evaluate the proposed haptic navigation system. The two independent variables were validity (valid cue, invalid cue, and no cueing) and cognitive load levels (high and low) of search tasks. Despite of the cognitive load levels, the valid cue conditions elicited shorter response times than invalid cue and no cueing conditions. The result strongly supports the effectiveness of the proposed in-vehicle navigation systems. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media.

关键词： Haptic interfaces

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Three dimensional adjustable cavity for flexible singulation of multiple medications in an automated medication dispenser

Three dimensional adjustable cavity for flexible singulation...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and engineering (CASE)

作者： C. K. Toh S. L. J. Ng Y. O. Tan Human Factors Engineering Programme Computer Graphics and Interface Department Institute of Infocomm Research Singapore

关键词： Cavity resonators Shape Prototypes Algorithm design and analysis Tracking Throughput Sorting

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Creating and using interactive narratives: Reading and writing branching comics 12

Creating and using interactive narratives: Reading and writi...

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30th ACM Conference on human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI 2012

作者： Andrews, Daniel Baber, Chris Efremov, Sergey Komarov, Mikhail Human Interface Technologies Team Department of Electronic Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Birmingham Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Bolshoi tryokhsvyatitelsky pereulok 3 109028 Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781450310154

In this paper we describe the design and development of a multi-touch surface and software that challenges current approaches to the production and consumption of comics. Authorship of the comics involves drawing the 'top level' of the story directly onto paper and projecting lower-level narrative elements, such as objects, characters, dialogue, descriptions and/or events onto the paper via a multi-touch interface. In terms of the impact this has upon the experience of reading and writing, the implementation of paper is intended to facilitate the creation of high-level overviews of stories, while the touch surface allows users to generate branches through the addition of artifacts in accordance with certain theories about interactive narratives. This provides the opportunity to participate in the reading and authoring of both traditional, paper-based texts and interactive, digital scenarios. Prototype comics are used to demonstrate this approach to reading and writing top-level and low-level narratives. Copyright 2012 ACM.

关键词： Computation theory

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Conversational gaze mechanisms for humanlike robots

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ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems 2012年第2期1卷 1–33页

作者： Mutlu, Bilge Kanda, Takayuki Forlizzi, Jodi Hodgins, Jessica Ishiguro, Hiroshi Department of Computer Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison 1210W. Dayton St. Madison WI 53706 United States Intelligent Robotics and Communication Laboratories ATR 2-2-2 Hikaridai Soraku-gun Seika-cho Kyoto 619-0224 Japan Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Ave. Pittsburgh PA 15213 United States Department of System Innovation Graduate School of Engineering Science Osaka University 1-3 Machikaneyama Toyonaka Osaka Japan

During conversations, speakers employ a number of verbal and nonverbal mechanisms to establish who participates in the conversation, when, and in what capacity. Gaze cues and mechanisms are particularly instrumental in establishing the participant roles of interlocutors, managing speaker turns, and signaling discourse structure. If humanlike robots are to have fluent conversations with people, they will need to use these gaze mechanisms effectively. The current work investigates people's use of key conversational gaze mechanisms, how they might be designed for and implemented in humanlike robots, and whether these signals effectively shape human-robot conversations. We focus particularly on whether humanlike gaze mechanisms might help robots signal different participant roles, manage turn-exchanges, and shape how interlocutors perceive the robot and the conversation. The evaluation of these mechanisms involved 36 trials of three-party human-robot conversations. In these trials, the robot used gaze mechanisms to signal to its conversational partners their roles either of two addressees, an addressee and a bystander, or an addressee and a nonparticipant. Results showed that participants conformed to these intended roles 97% of the time. Their conversational roles affected their rapport with the robot, feelings of groupness with their conversational partners, and attention to the task. © 2012 ACM.

关键词： human robot interaction

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$\hbox{HfO}_{2}$-Based RRAM Devices With Varying Contact Sizes and Their Electrical Behavior

IEEE Electron Device Letters

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IEEE Electron Device Letters 2012年第7期33卷 1060-1062页

作者： Venkatakrishnan Sriraman Xiang Li Navab Singh Sungjoo Lee Institute of Microelectronics Agency for Science Technology and Research Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Center for Human Interface Nanotechnology (HINT) and College of Information and Communication Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Seoul South Korea

In this letter, HfO 2 -based RRAM with varying device sizes is discussed with an analysis of the device-size dependence on reset current ( I reset ). Device sizes down to 60 nm were achieved by using different thicknesses of nitride spacer after 200-nm contact hole is formed. Platinum (Pt) bottom electrode and titanium nitride (TiN) top electrode were used with HfO 2 dielectric as the resistance switching layer. Uniform bipolar switching characteristics with a very low I reset of about 100 μA are achieved in 60-nm contact size devices. Self-compliance effect is also observed in the scaled devices.

关键词： Switches Hafnium compounds Resistance Electrodes Dielectrics Reliability

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Prosthesis-User-in-the-Loop: A User-Specific Biomechanical Modeling and Simulation Environment

Prosthesis-User-in-the-Loop: A User-Specific Biomechanical M...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： J. Wojtusch P. Beckerle O. Christ K. Wolff O. von Stryk S. Rinderknecht J. Vogt Department of Computer Science Simulation Systems Optimization and Robotics Group Technische Universit?t Darmstadt 64289 Darmstadt Germany Department of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Mechatronic Systems in Mechanical Engineering Technische Universit?t Darmstadt 64287 Darmstadt Germany Department of Human Science Work and Engineering Psychology Research Group Technische Universit?t Darmstadt 64283 Darmstadt Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781424441198

In this paper, a novel biomechanical modeling and simulation environment with an emphasis on user-specific customization is presented. A modular modeling approach for multi-body systems allows a flexible extension by specific biomechanical modeling elements and enables an efficient application in dynamic simulation and optimization problems. A functional distribution of model description and model parameter data in combination with standardized interfaces enables a simple and reliable replacement or modification of specific functional components. The user-specific customization comprises the identification of anthropometric model parameters as well as the generation of a virtual three-dimensional character. The modeling and simulation environment is associated with Prosthesis-User-in-the-Loop, a hardware simulator concept for the design and optimization of lower limb prosthetic devices based on user experience and assessment. For a demonstration of the flexibility and capability of the modeling and simulation environment, an exemplary application in context of the hardware simulator is given.

关键词： novel biomechanical simulation environment customization comprises

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