Auditory localization behavior in barn owls is mediated by the integration of topographically encoded visual and auditory space maps. In juvenile owls, disruption of the audio-visual map alignment by exposure to spect...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780390482
Auditory localization behavior in barn owls is mediated by the integration of topographically encoded visual and auditory space maps. In juvenile owls, disruption of the audio-visual map alignment by exposure to spectacles that laterally shift the visual input results in behavioral adaptation over the course of several weeks. It has been reported in literature that this adaptation is produced by architectural plasticity in the neural circuits encoding the space maps. It is known that this plasticity is guided by visual input in a topographic manner, and that the error signal is embedded in the firing dynamics of neurons in the inferior colliculus. In this work, we use leaky integrateand-fire neurons to model the key elements in the auditory localization circuit of barn owls. We demonstrate that a Hebbian spike-time dependent learning rule, coupled with an activity-dependent mechanism that promotes growth, can account for the essentials of circuit-level plasticity associated with prism experience. We point out the importance of inhibition in both the normal functioning of this circuit, and prism-induced plasticity, and comment on potential mechanisms for activity-induced growth.
Auditory localization behavior in barn owls is mediated by the integration of topographically encoded visual and auditory space maps. In juvenile owls, disruption of the audio visual map alignment by exposure to spect...
详细信息
Auditory localization behavior in barn owls is mediated by the integration of topographically encoded visual and auditory space maps. In juvenile owls, disruption of the audio visual map alignment by exposure to spectacles that laterally shift the visual input results in behavioral adaptation over the course of several weeks. It has been reported in literature that this adaptation is produced by architectural plasticity in the neural circuits encoding the space maps. It is known that this plasticity is guided by visual input in a topographic manner, and that the error signal is embedded in the firing dynamics of neurons in the inferior colliculus. In this work, we use leaky integrate-and-fire neurons to model the key elements in the auditory localization circuit of barn owls. We demonstrate that a Hebbian spike time dependent learning rule, coupled with an activity-dependent mechanism that promotes growth, can account for the essentials of circuit level plasticity associated with prism experience. We point out the importance of inhibition in both the normal functioning of this circuit, and prism induced plasticity, and comment on potential mechanisms for activity induced growth.
There is disagreement on how best to define and investigate fear. Nature Neuroscience asked Dean Mobbs to lead experts from the fields of human and animal affective neuroscience to discuss their viewpoints on how to d...
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There is disagreement on how best to define and investigate fear. Nature Neuroscience asked Dean Mobbs to lead experts from the fields of human and animal affective neuroscience to discuss their viewpoints on how to define fear and how to move forward with the study of fear.
Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging methods, including data acquisition, pre-processing and analysis, have benefited research on the contributions of subcortical brain nuclei to human cognition and behavior....
Recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging methods, including data acquisition, pre-processing and analysis, have benefited research on the contributions of subcortical brain nuclei to human cognition and behavior. At the same time, these developments have led to an increasing need for a high-resolution probabilistic in vivo anatomical atlas of subcortical nuclei. In order to address this need, we constructed high spatial resolution, three-dimensional templates, using high-accuracy diffeomorphic registration of T- and T- weighted structural images from 168 typical adults between 22 and 35 years old. In these templates, many tissue boundaries are clearly visible, which would otherwise be impossible to delineate in data from individual studies. The resulting delineations of subcortical nuclei complement current histology-based atlases. We further created a companion library of software tools for atlas development, to offer an open and evolving resource for the creation of a crowd-sourced in vivo probabilistic anatomical atlas of the human brain.
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