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IEEE Symposium on Mass Storage Systems

作者： O. Sandsta R. Midtstraum Dept. of Comput. & Inf. Sci. Norwegian Univ. of Sci. & Technol. Trondheim Norway Department of Computer and Information Science Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway

When a serpentine tape drive is used as a slow random access device, the I/O performance can be substantially improved by clever re-ordering of the I/O requests. This kind of re-ordering relies on a scheduling algorithm and a model of the access time. In this paper, we propose a low-cost access time model for serpentine tape drives, which is not a trivial task due to the complex data layout of serpentine tape. This model provides a way to estimate the physical positions on the tape for any logical data block, provides cost functions to estimate the seek time between two physical tape positions, and computes the transfer time of a data request. Our experiments show that the mapping from logical address to physical position has to be instrumented once for each tape cartridge. Algorithms are given to do this at a low cost. The accuracy of the model is assessed by measurements on rape drives and by use in scheduling of I/O requests. Experiments show that the model estimates are good enough to facilitate efficient scheduling of I/O requests.

关键词： Processor scheduling Magnetosphere Drives Cost function inf.rmation science Scheduling algorithm Physics computing Instruments Modems Piecewise linear techniques

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Template-driven generation of prosodic inf.rmation for Chinese concatenative synthesis

Template-driven generation of prosodic information for Chine...

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Chung-Hsien Hu Jau-Hung Chen Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Eng. Nat. Cheng Kung Univ. Tainan Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)0780350413

A template-driven generation of prosodic inf.rmation is proposed for Chinese text-to-speech conversion. A set of monosyllable-based synthesis units is selected from a large continuous speech database. The speech database is employed to establish a word-prosody-based template tree according to the linguistic features: tone combination, word length, part-of-speech (POS) of the word, and word position in a sentence. This template tree stores the prosodic features including pitch contour, average energy, and syllable duration of a word for possible combinations of linguistic features. Two modules for sentence intonation and template selection are proposed to generate the target prosodic templates. The experimental results for the TTS conversion system showed that synthesized prosodic features quite resembled their original counterparts for most syllables in the inside test. Evaluation by subjective experiments also confirmed the satisfactory performance of these approaches.

关键词： Speech synthesis Spatial databases Natural languages computer science System testing Humans Neural networks Character generation Labeling Autocorrelation

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A synchronized and retrievable video/HTML lecture system for industry employee training

A synchronized and retrievable video/HTML lecture system for...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Herng-Yow Chen Jen-Shin Hong Yu-Te Wu Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Eng. Nat. Chi Nat. Univ. NanTou Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Chi Nan University Nantou Taiwan

We present a web-based course system for teaching and training the industry employee. This system is designed to synchronize and retrieve the data related to HTML lecture notes and lecture video. The overall system consists of two frameworks, the Web-based Synchronized Multimedia Lecture (WSML) framework and the XML-Based Synchronized Hypermedia Video Query (XSHVQ) framework. The WSML system synchronizes the presentation of the streaming video lecture, the HTML-based lecture notes and the HTML Navigation Events. It also automates the recording of these three media events based on the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMLL) specification. To create an online course using this system, teachers first convert their lecture notes into the HTML pages and present the HTML-based lectures in a digital studio. Then the synchronized video clips and the associated HTML-based notes are deposited in our course database for on-demand self-paced learning. The XSHVQ system is designed to efficiently search for the desired video segments based on the synchronization inf.rmation between video clips and the associated HTML-based notes. To query desired video segments using XSHVQ system, users simply use "keyword" search for the HTML lecture notes and the system can locate the corresponding video segments and present them to users.

关键词： HTML Video on demand Streaming media Industrial training Education inf.rmation retrieval Multimedia systems Navigation Video recording Multimedia databases

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A fast-rotations based floating point vectoring algorithm

A fast-rotations based floating point vectoring algorithm

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IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Systems (SIPS)

作者： K.J. van der Kolk J.A. Lee E.F.A. Deprettere Department of Inf. Techn. and Systems Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands Department of Computer Science Chosun University Kwang South Korea Department of Information Technology and Systems Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands

The idea of approximate rotations has been introduced by J. Gotze and G. Hekstra. G Hekstra and E. Deprettere extended the concept to orthogonal fast rotations and formalized the concept by providing a fast rotation theory. In this theory, the emphasis has been on fast rotation, whereas fast rotation-based vectorization has only been considered in an approximating sense in examples published by J. Gotze and G. Hekstra. The formalization of fast rotation-based vectorization is the subject of this paper. The few known approximate fast vectorization algorithms are special cases of the generic fast rotation-based vectorization algorithm proposed in this paper.

关键词： Arithmetic Fast Fourier transforms Delay Costs computer science Cities and towns inf.rmation technology Robustness Feedback loop

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A system assisting blind children to acquire spatial awareness through body movement

A system assisting blind children to acquire spatial awarene...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： N. Ohnishi T. Yoneda H. Kudo H. Minagawa Dept. of Inf. Eng. Nagoya Univ. Japan Department of Information Engineering University of Nagoya Nagoya Japan Department of Information Science Tsukuba College of Technology Tsukuba Japan

This paper presents a system which helps blind children learn spatial awareness. A blind child searches objects located in a room, and remembers their relative location. After he or she reproduces the objects' arrangement on a table by using blocks, the blocks' position obtained by image processing is compared with the objects' location. If blocks aren't correctly located, the system inf.rms which block to be adjusted toward which direction. Repealing the search and reproduction with the interactive assist of the system, blind children will be able to learn spatial awareness through their body movement; learning space by motion.

关键词： computer aided instruction Image processing Shape inf.rmation science Educational institutions Seals Mice Image generation Motion measurement Pattern analysis

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Residual operators of uninorms

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Soft Computing 1999年第2期3卷 89-100页

作者： B. De Baets J. Fodor Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science University of Gent Krijgslaan 281 (S9) B-9000 Gent Belgium BE Department of Biomath. and Inf. University of Veterinary Sci. István u. 2 H-1078 Budapest Hungary HU

Uninorms are an important generalization of t-norms and t-conorms, having a neutral element lying anywhere in the unit interval. A uninorm shows a typical block structure and is built from a t-norm, a t-conorm and a mean operator. Two important classes of uninorms are characterized, corresponding to the use of the minimum operator (the class U min) and maximum operator (the class U max) as mean operator. The characterization of representable uninorms, i.e. uninorms with an additive generator, and of left-continuous and right-continuous idempotent uninorms is recalled. Two residual operators are associated with a uninorm and it is characterized when they yield an implicator and coimplicator. The block structure of the residual implicator of members of the class U min and of the residual coimplicator of members of the class U max is investigated. Explicit expressions for the residual implicator and residual coimplicator of representable uninorms and of certain left-continuous or right-continuous idempotent uninorms are given. Additional properties such as contrapositivity are discussed.

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System for automated validation of embedded software in multiple operating configurations

System for automated validation of embedded software in mult...

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IEEE International Conference on Automated Software engineering (ASE)

作者： S. Lingamarla G. Singh J. Limburg M. Watson G. Edwards S. Gobrogge Software & Inf. Technol. Lab. Oakland Univ. Rochester MI USA Software & Information Technology Laboratory Computer Science and Engineering Department Oakland University Rochester MI USA Control Strategies EngineeringContinental Teves Auburn Hills MI USA

Embedded controllers in safety critical applications rely on the highest of software quality standards. Testing is performed to ensure that requirements and specifications are met for all the different environments in which the controllers operate. This paper describes the architecture of a system that uses a relational database for tracking tests, requirements, and configurations. The relational sub-schemas are integrated in a data warehouse and allow traceability from requirements to tests. A normalized representation of test cases enables the system to reason about the test topologies and is used for constructing clusters of similar tests. A representative test from each cluster can in turn provide a rapid estimation, of the software's requirement coverage and quality.

关键词： Embedded software System testing Automatic control Software quality Software safety Application software Software standards Performance evaluation computer architecture Relational databases

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Determination of the number of hidden units from a statistical viewpoint

Determination of the number of hidden units from a statistic...

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International Conference on Neural inf.rmation Processing

作者： T. Hayasaka K. Hagiwara N. Toda S. Usui Dept. of Inf. & Comput. Sci. Toyohashi Univ. of Technol. Japan Faculty of Information Science and Technology Aichi Prefectural University Nagakute Aichi Japan Department of Information and Computer Sciences Toyohashi University of Technology Toyohashi Japan

One of the important problems for 3-layered neural networks (3-LNN) is to determine the optimal network structure with high generalization ability. Although this can be formulated in terms of a statistical model selection, there remains a problem in applying traditional criteria for 3-LNN. We suggest the type of effective criteria for the model selection problem of 3-LNN by analyzing the statistical properties of some simplified nonlinear models. Results of numerical experiments are also presented.

关键词： Gaussian distribution computer networks Physics computing inf.rmation science Neural networks Artificial neural networks Nominations and elections Error analysis Parameter estimation Polynomials

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Applying data mining techniques for descriptive phrase extraction in digital document collections

Applying data mining techniques for descriptive phrase extra...

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International Forum on Research and Technology Advances in Digital Libraries (ADL)

作者： H. Ahonen O. Heinonen M. Klemettinen A.I. Verkamo Wilhelm-Schickard-Inst. fur Inf. Tubingen Univ. Germany Department of Computer Science University of Helsinki Finland

Traditionally, texts have been analysed using various inf.rmation retrieval-related methods, such as full-text analysis and natural language processing. However, only few examples of data mining in text, particularly in full text, are available. In this paper, we show that general data mining methods are applicable to text analysis tasks such as descriptive phrase extraction. Moreover, we present a general framework for text mining. The framework follows the general knowledge discovery process, thus containing steps from preprocessing to utilization of the results. The data mining method that we apply is based on generalized episodes and episode rules. We give concrete examples of how to preprocess texts based on the intended use of the discovered results and we introduce a weighting scheme that helps in pruning out redundant or non-descriptive phrases. We also present results from real-life data experiments.

关键词： Data mining Text mining Text analysis computer science Concrete inf.rmation retrieval Natural language processing Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensor systems Text processing

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Efficient multicast routing in wireless ATM networks

Efficient multicast routing in wireless ATM networks

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IEEE Conference and Exhibition on Global Telecommunications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Chao-Tsong Fang Tsou Shiann-Tsong Sheu Wu-Hsiao Hsu Ming-Ching Hsiao Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Eng. Tamkang Univ. Tamsui Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering Tamkang University Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tamkang University Taipei Taiwan

This paper proposes an algorithm, called probability-based multicast tree (PBMT) algorithm, for multicast routing in wireless ATM networks. The PBMT is established from a fixed base station (BS) by several steps. First, the network is modeled as a graph with nodes denoting the BS and edges representing links between BS. An edge is added into any two nodes when their coverage areas overlap each other. Then, the degree of each node in the graph is computed. Based on the computed degree of each node, the probability of a mobile user moving to a new node can be determined. In order to identify the importance of each node, the cost of the edge is weighed based on the probabilities of corresponding nodes. Finally, a node with maximal degree is selected repeatedly until a minimal-spanning tree is formed. Nodes that do not belong to the multicast members are pruned. Simulation has been done to compare the performance analysis by our algorithm with these of other algorithms.

关键词： Routing Intelligent networks Asynchronous transfer mode Multicast algorithms Tree graphs Costs Heuristic algorithms Personal communication networks Protocols Roaming

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