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Integration of data science with the intelligent IoT(IIoT): Current challenges and future perspectives

Digital Communications and Networks 2025年第2期11卷 280-298页

作者： Inam Ullah Deepak Adhikari Xin Su Francesco Palmieri Celimuge Wu Chang Choi Department of Computer Engineering Gachon University University of Electronic Science and Technology of China College of Information Science and Engineering Hohai University Department of Computer Science University of Salerno Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-Communications

The Intelligent Internet of Things(IIoT) involves real-world things that communicate or interact with each other through networking technologies by collecting data from these “things” and using intelligent approaches, such as Artificial Intelligence(AI) and machine learning, to make accurate decisions. Data science is the science of dealing with data and its relationships through intelligent approaches. Most state-of-the-art research focuses independently on either data science or IIoT, rather than exploring their integration. Therefore, to address the gap, this article provides a comprehensive survey on the advances and integration of data science with the Intelligent IoT(IIoT) system by classifying the existing IoT-based data science techniques and presenting a summary of various characteristics. The paper analyzes the data science or big data security and privacy features, including network architecture, data protection, and continuous monitoring of data, which face challenges in various IoT-based systems. Extensive insights into IoT data security, privacy, and challenges are visualized in the context of data science for IoT. In addition, this study reveals the current opportunities to enhance data science and IoT market development. The current gap and challenges faced in the integration of data science and IoT are comprehensively presented, followed by the future outlook and possible solutions.

关键词： Data science Internet of things (IoT) Big data Communication systems Networks Security Data science analytics

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ToSiM-IoT: Towards a Sustainable Optimisation of Machine Learning Tasks in Internet of Things

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16829-16840页

作者： Kaushal, Ashish Almurshed, Osama Muftah, Asmail Auluck, Nitin Rana, Omer Indian Institute of Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Ropar India Cardiff University School of Computer Science and Informatics United Kingdom Azzaytuna University Libya

With the rise of digital infrastructure and Internet of Things (IoT), a substantial amount of data is continuously generated that needs to be processed efficiently. While modern artificial intelligence (AI) approaches have shown good capabilities in handling large volumes of data, their excessive demands for memory and processing power result in very high utilisation of resources. In this work, we propose ToSiM-IoT, an optimisation framework that introduces a layer selection approach to identify an ideal mix of active, and inactive layers, using a genetic algorithm for model training. Next, we design a pruning mechanism that identifies performance-critical features using heatmap visualisation, during model inference, and eliminates the remaining features. Two machine learning (ML) models - InceptionV3 and VGG16, have been evaluated on an agricultural weed detection scenario, using the DeepWeeds image classification dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework can achieve a significant reduction in model size and training time, while maintaining high accuracy, for both models. Therefore, this approach provides the potential to be efficiently deployed on intelligent IoT systems where computational capabilities are limited. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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Comparative Analysis of SVM, Naïve Bayes, and Logistic Regression in Detecting IoT Botnet Attacks

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International Journal of Advanced Computer science and Applications 2025年第4期16卷 338-343页

作者： Siswanto, Apri Aji, Luhur Bayu Efendi, Akmar Alfaruqi, Dhafin Azriansyah, M. Rafli Raihan, Yefrianda Informatics Department Faculty of Engineering Universitas Islam Riau Pekanbaru Indonesia Faculty Data Science and Information Technology INTI International University Malaysia

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has significantly increased the risk of cyberattacks, particularly botnet intrusions, which pose serious security threats to IoT networks. Machine learning-based Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have emerged as effective solutions for detecting such attacks. This study presents a comparative analysis of three widely used machine learning classifiers—Support Vector Machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes (NB), and Logistic Regression (LR)—to assess their performance in detecting IoT botnet attacks. The experiment uses the BoTNeTIoT-L01 dataset, applying preprocessing techniques such as data cleaning, normalization, and feature selection to enhance model accuracy. The models are trained and evaluated based on standard performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and AUC-ROC. The results indicate that SVM outperforms the other classifiers in terms of detection accuracy and robustness, particularly in detecting malware based on PE files. These findings offer valuable insights into selecting suitable machine learning models for securing IoT environments. Future work will further explore integrating advanced feature selection techniques and deep learning models to improve detection performance. © (2025), (science and Information Organization). All rights reserved.

关键词： Logistic regression

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Blockchain-based knowledge-aware semantic communications for remote driving image transmission

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Digital Communications and Networks 2025年第2期11卷 317-325页

作者： Yangfei Lin Tutomu Murase Yusheng Ji Wugedele Bao Lei Zhong Jie Li Department of Computer and Network Engineering University of Electro-Communications Information Technology Center Nagoya University National Institute of Informatics(NII) Hohhot Minzu College Toyota Motor Corporation Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiaotong University

Remote driving, an emergent technology enabling remote operations of vehicles, presents a significant challenge in transmitting large volumes of image data to a central server. This requirement outpaces the capacity of traditional communication methods. To tackle this, we propose a novel framework using semantic communications, through a region of interest semantic segmentation method, to reduce the communication costs by transmitting meaningful semantic information rather than bit-wise data. To solve the knowledge base inconsistencies inherent in semantic communications, we introduce a blockchain-based edge-assisted system for managing diverse and geographically varied semantic segmentation knowledge bases. This system not only ensures the security of data through the tamper-resistant nature of blockchain but also leverages edge computing for efficient management. Additionally, the implementation of blockchain sharding handles differentiated knowledge bases for various tasks, thus boosting overall blockchain efficiency. Experimental results show a great reduction in latency by sharding and an increase in model accuracy, confirming our framework's effectiveness.

关键词： Semantic communication Remote driving Semantic segmentation Blockchain Knowledge base management

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Job Resumes Recommendation using Integration of Fuzzy Discernibility Matrix Feature Selection and Convolutional Neural Network Multi-label Text Classification

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第13期49卷 49-58页

作者： Hayami, Regiolina Yusoff, Nooraini Daud, Kauthar Mohd Fatma, Yulia Department of Informatics Engineering Faculty Computer Science Universitas Muhammadiyah Riau Indonesia Faculty of Data Science and Computing Universiti Malaysia Kelantan 16100 Malaysia Center for Artificial Intelligence Technology Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 Malaysia

The manual analysis of job resumes poses specific challenges, including the time-intensive process and the high likelihood of human error, emphasizing the need for automation in content-based recommendations. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for Multi-label Text Classification (MLTC), offer a promising solution for addressing these challenges through artificial intelligence. While CNN is renowned for its robust feature extraction capabilities, it faces specific challenges such as managing high-dimensional data and poor data interpretability. To address these limitations, this study employs the Fuzzy Discernibility Matrix (FDM) feature selection technique to determine the relevance of skills for each job vacancy. FDM assigns weights to the features of each job category and ranks their relevance based on the highest scores, which are then utilized in the MLTC CNN model. The integration of FDM and MLTC CNN serves as the foundation for generating content-based recommendations derived from key features in job resumes. This study produces a content-based job recommendation system that displays the top three job categories, accompanied by explanations of the skills supporting each selected category. These recommendations also consider cosine similarity values between analyzed items and the integrated results of FDM and MLTC CNN. The application of FDM for feature weighting has been proven to enhance multi-label text classification outcomes by providing better insights during the feature selection process. With a recall of 97.26%, precision of 94.81%, and accuracy of 98.58%, the MLTC model integrating FDM feature selection and CNN demonstrates robust performance characteristics in content-based job recommendation tasks. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Joint V2V Group Association and Transmission Power Control in Federated Vehicular Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 18167-18182页

作者： Liu, Su Guan, Peiyuan Li, Yushuai Li, Tianyi Zolfagharian, Zolaikha Yu, Jiong Huang, Tingwen Xinjiang University School of Computer Science and Technology Urumqi830046 China University of Oslo Department of Informatics Oslo0316 Norway Aalborg University Department of Computer Science Aalborg9220 Denmark University of Tehran School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iran Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Control Engineering Shenzhen518055 China

With growing awareness of privacy protection, Federated Learning (FL) in vehicular network scenarios effectively addresses privacy concerns, leading to the development of Federated Vehicular Networks (FVN). In FVN, vehicles maintain a global model by transmitting local models and iterative processing, resulting in significant communication overhead. In the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), as the majority of the spectrum resources are allocated to Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communication, vehicles engaged in FL encounter uplink interference when these resources are reused. This compromises the efficacy of FL vehicle communication. To address this issue, we propose FedCDC, a new Federated learning framework with adaptive weight Clustering with knowledge Distillation and Channel sharing-based resource allocation. First, we implement a communication compression strategy based on clustering and distillation to alleviate transmission load. Then, we develop a resource allocation strategy to maximize the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) for both FL vehicles and V2V groups, which investigates two critical components: channel pairing and power coordination. We formulate the optimization issue as a multi-objective optimization problem that is solved offline using the MIDACO solver. Due to the dynamic characteristics of FVN, we employ a Multi-Agent Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (MADDPG) to enhance efficiency. Finally, extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach significantly reduces data transmission and offers an efficient resource coordination plan, thus improving FL communication efficiency and ensuring the Quality of Service (QoS) for both V2V groups and FL vehicles. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Optimizing task scheduling in cloud environments: a hybrid golden search whale optimization algorithm approach

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-23页

作者： Acharya, Biswaranjan Panda, Sucheta Das, Satyabrata Majhi, Santosh Kumar Gerogiannis, Vassilis C. Kanavos, Andreas Department of Computer Science and Engineering Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology Odisha Burla India Bilaspur India Department of Digital Systems University of Thessaly Larissa Greece Department of Informatics Ionian University Corfu Greece

Managing fluctuating workloads and optimizing resource utilization in cloud environments pose significant challenges, particularly in fields requiring real-time data processing, such as healthcare. This paper introduces a novel hybrid metaheuristic technique, the Golden Search Whale Optimization Algorithm (GSWOA), specifically designed for scheduling independent dynamic biomedical data. GSWOA merges the strengths of Golden Search Optimization (GSO) and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), optimizing numerical function optimization and achieving a balance between exploration and exploitation. The algorithm’s effectiveness was assessed using MATLAB by applying standard benchmark functions and further evaluated on a real-world biomedical dataset within the CloudSim environment. The performance evaluations demonstrate that GSWOA significantly outperforms existing metaheuristic and traditional scheduling techniques, achieving a 42.71% increase in resource utilization and a 14.17% reduction in makespan compared to conventional methods. These results highlight GSWOA’s potential to enhance scheduling efficiency substantially in cloud computing infrastructures, suggesting it is a powerful tool for complex task allocations. Future research will explore the scalability of GSWOA and its applicability across other data-intensive sectors. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Scheduling algorithms

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A Lightweight Authentication Protocol for RFID-Assisted Supply Chain Management System

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第9期12卷 12845-12852页

作者： Tariq, Tayyaba Kuo, Wen-Chung Mahmood, Khalid Shamshad, Salman Das, Ashok Kumar Alenazi, Mohammed J. F. National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Douliu64002 Taiwan National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Graduate School of Intelligent Data Science Yunlin Douliu64002 Taiwan University of Lahore Department of Software Engineering Lahore54590 Pakistan International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad Center for Security Theory and Algorithmic Research Hyderabad500032 India Korea University College of Informatics Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul02841 Korea Republic of King Saud University College of Computer and Information Sciences Department of Computer Engineering Riyadh11451 Saudi Arabia

In the evolving landscape of supply chain management, the integration of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology has marked a significant milestone. This development has led to the emergence of a new system in RFID-based supply chain management, which is intricately linked with the advances in the Internet of Things (IoT). RFID technology employs electromagnetic fields to identify and track tags on objects and revolutionizes the management and tracking of items in the supply chain. However, the public communication among RFID tags, RFID readers, and supply chain infrastructure predominantly escalates security and privacy challenges. Several authentication protocols have been proposed to overcome these challenges. However, the vulnerability of most proposed protocols to numerous security attacks renders them inefficient. Therefore, to address these crucial challenges, we devised an RFID-based authentication protocol for supply chain management systems. The incorporation of a physically unclonable function (PUF) into the protocol fortifies the system against physical tampering attacks. To validate the security and effectiveness of the devised protocol, both informal and formal security analysis are conducted. The formal security analysis is conducted using the widely used random oracle model. The informal security analysis reveals that the devised protocol provides enhanced and efficient security features. Furthermore, we perform a comparative analysis with related protocols, focusing on critical performance metrics like communication cost, computation cost, and overall security features. The results of the comparative analysis are promising, indicating a substantial 30.92% reduction in computational cost and a 23.98% reduction in communication cost in comparison to related protocols, thus highlighting the protocol’s superior performance and resource efficiency. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Authentication Protocol

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A framework for object tracking in videos with complex backgrounds and obstructions

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Neural Computing and Applications 2025年 1-20页

作者： Chang, Tsui-Ping Chen, Tzer-Long Hsiao, Tsung-Chih Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taichung University of Science and Technology Taichung Taiwan Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics Kaohsiung Medical University Gaoxiong807 Taiwan Department of Radio Television and Film Shih Hsin University Taipei11604 Taiwan

The research of object tracking in videos utilizes computer vision and machine learning techniques to identify and track objects in the consecutive image frames of videos. The popular algorithms used in the research are YOLO, DeepSORT, StrongSORT, and ByteTrack. YOLO has gained recognition for its hardware efficiency and impressive performance in object detection tasks. It efficiently detects objects in the consecutive image frames of videos. On the other hand, DeepSORT, StrongSORT, and ByteTrack leverage the prediction capabilities to estimate the positions of objects in the next image frames. These algorithms play a significant role to enhance the capabilities of object tracking systems. Recently, many researchers have proposed their methods to enhance the accuracy in object tracking tasks. However, the division of videos into the consecutive image frames for tracking objects can pose challenges, especially when the videos have complex backgrounds and many obstructions in the image frames. In fact, the complex backgrounds with many obstructions in image frames decrease the accuracy of tracking objects in applications. In this study, we present TraObs, a framework for object Tracking in complex backgrounds with Obstructions in the image frames of videos. In TraObs, two novel mechanisms CFM and M-controller are proposed for detectors and trackers to enhance the accuracy of object tracking performance. CFM addresses the tracked objects which are missing in some image frames of videos, while M-controller makes sure the tracked objects with the correct object ids in the system. Some experiments with four testing datasets and benchmark datasets are designed and used respectively to analyze the performance of TraObs. Furthermore, the HOTA and MOTA metrics are used to evaluate our proposed methods. The experimental results also prove the effectiveness of CFM and M-controller in our framework TraObs. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd.,

关键词： Image enhancement

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TCIP: Transformed Colour Intensity Profiles analysis for fault detection in power line insulators

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4503-4534页

作者： Tomaszewski, Michal Gasz, Rafal Kasana, Singara Singh Osuchowski, Jakub Singh, Simranjit Zator, Slawomir Department of Computer Science Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics Opole University of Technology Prószkowska 76 Opole45-758 Poland Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Central University of Haryana Haryana Mahendergarh123031 India Department of Information Technology Dr B. R. Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Punjab Jalandhar India Department of Safety Engineering and Technical Systems Faculty of Production Engineering and Logistics Opole University of Technology Prószkowska 76 Opole45-758 Poland

In response to the escalating demand for electricity, the aging process and inherent failures in power lines have become unavoidable challenges in their operational integrity. This research addresses the imperative need for a robust method to detect damage in power insulator disc images, introducing a novel feature extraction technique grounded in color intensity profile transformation and ensemble learning. For the purposes of the research, a specific dataset was developed based on publicly available images of power insulators. The collection consists of 9232 images of insulator discs which included 2184 images of damaged discs. The discernible damages include breakages and burnouts. Two distinct analysis variants were employed. In the first variant (V1), two classification groups were selected: disc with damages and disc without damages. In the second variant (V2), three classification groups were selected: discs without damage, broken discs, and burnout discs. The described research was divided into two successive stages. In the first of them (S1), the transformed color intensity profiles for the prepared data set were built and various machine learning models for their classification were trained and evaluated. In the next stage (S2), previously developed, highest efficient machine learning models, were used to make the detection of various damaged types of overhead line insulator discs. For the first stage of research high-performance results and a high value of the F1 score parameters were obtained (F1 score = 0.999 for the first variant (S1V1) and F1 score = 0.992 for the second variant (S1V2). In the second stage of research and the first variant (S2V1), the highest result of the F1 score was 0.932 and for the second variant (S2V2) F1 score was 0.930. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Feature extraction

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