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Software design and FPGA implementation of optimized medical image fusion techniques

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-31页

作者： Elshazly, E.A. El-Shafai, Walid El-Hoseny, Heba El-Rabaie, El-Sayed M Zahran, O. Abdelwahab, Safey A. S. El-Halawany, M.M. Fikry, R.M. Elaraby, S.M. Faragallah, Osama S. Mohamed, Wael A. Mahmoud, Korany R. Abd El-Samie, Fathi E. Cairo Egypt Computer Science Department Prince Sultan University Riyadh11586 Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering Faculty of Electronic Engineering Menoufia University Menouf32952 Egypt Faculty of Computer Studies Arab Open University 11681 Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computers and Information Technology Taif University 11099 Taif21944 Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Benha University Benha Egypt Electronics and Communications Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Helwan University Helwan Egypt Giza Egypt Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information Sciences Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia

Nowadays, medical image fusion plays a crucial role in enhancing the diagnosis accuracy and the clinical decision-making process in various healthcare applications. This research work presents a comprehensive study of the design and implementation of optimized medical image fusion techniques using a combination of software and Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technologies. The proposed medical image fusion strategy is based on the utilization of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Modified Central Force Optimization (MCFO). The implementation of the proposed technique as well as the traditional medical image fusion techniques is considered using an appropriate software design and FPGA. The presented techniques aim to overcome the limitations of traditional fusion techniques by integrating advanced image processing algorithms, optimization algorithms, and parallel computing capabilities offered by FPGA platforms. The first step in the proposed framework is to match the histogram of one of the images with that of the other, so that both images will have the same dynamic range. After that, the DWT is used to decompose the images that should be fused together. Based on some constraints, the MCFO optimization algorithm is used to evaluate the optimum level of decomposition and the optimum parameters for the best fusion quality. Finally, to improve the obtained visual quality and reinforce the information in the fusion result, an additional contrast enhancement step using adaptive histogram equalization is applied to the fusion result. Comparative study between the proposed optimized DWT-based fusion framework, the traditional Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Additive Wavelet Transform (AWT), and DWT-based fusion techniques is presented. Various metrics of fusion quality are considered, including average gradient, standard deviation, local contrast, entropy, edge strength, Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR), Qab/f, and processing time. The proposed optimized DWT-ba

关键词： MATLAB

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Improving Power Response of Single-Controllable VSG-Based Active Distribution Network

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2025年第1期11卷 102-114页

作者： Shah Fahad Arman Goudarzi Pierluigi Siano Ji Xiang Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Missouri University of Science and TechnologyUSA University of Victoria Canada Department of Management&Innovation Systems University of SalernoItaly Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science University of JohannesburgJohannesburg2006South Africa National Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology College of Electrical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China

Controlling an active distribution network(ADN)from a single PCC has been advantageous for improving the performance of coordinated Intermittent RESs(IRESs).Recent studies have proposed a constant PQ regulation approach at the PCC of ADNs using coordination of non-MPPT based ***,due to the intermittent nature of DGs coupled with PCC through uni-directional broadcast communication,the PCC becomes vulnerable to transient *** address this challenge,this study first presents a detailed mathematical model of an ADN from the perspective of PCC regulation to realize rigidness of PCC against ***,an H_(∞)controller is formulated and employed to achieve optimal performance against disturbances,consequently,ensuring the least oscillations during transients at ***,an eigenvalue analysis is presented to analyze convergence speed limitations of the newly derived system ***,simulation results show the proposed method offers superior performance as compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： Cooperative control of DGs hierarchical control system high penetration of intermittent RESs H_(∞)control optimal control in power systems single-controllable active distribution networks

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Cultivating Cluster Enactment in Wireless Sensor Networks Through Hybrid Metaheuristics Intended for Energy Optimization

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SN computer Science 2025年第3期6卷 1-12页

作者： Kushwaha, Ajay Goswami, Anjali Sharada, K. Sharma, Manmohan Berar, Gagandeep Edara, Deepak Chowdary Department of Computer Science and Engineering Rungta College of Engineering and Technology R1 CG Bhilai India Department of Mathematics and Statistics College of Science and Theoretical Studies Saudi Electronic University Riyadh 13323 Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering GITAM (Deemed to be University) AP Visakhapatnam India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Rajasthan Jaipur India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology Chitkara University Punjab Rajpura India Department of CSE Vignan’s Foundation for Science Technology and Research Vadlamudi AP Guntur India

Though traditional search methods shine when faced with local goals and a plethora of decision factors, they could struggle when faced with engineering design limitations. On the other hand, metaheuristic approaches promise to find global optima in real-world optimization problems, even in nonlinear and multimodal settings. In order to improve cluster head selection in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), this research presents a new metaheuristic method that combines the principles of Cuckoo Search method (CSA) and Selection by Optimization (SBO). When choosing a Chief Cluster Head (CCH), the CSA algorithm takes hop count into account, whereas SBO finds the best cluster heads by considering communication range. By comparing the suggested approach to both stand-alone SBO and CSA methods, we can see how well it performs in terms of throughput, latency, energy usage, delivery ratio, and packet overhead. The combined SBO-CSA method improves cluster performance, simplifies cluster head selection in WSNs, and increases network efficiency overall, according to the results. To prove its efficacy in enhancing network performance, the suggested solution outperforms standalone SBO and CSA approaches across a range of performance parameters, such as throughput, latency, energy consumption, and packet overhead. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： CCH CH CSA Metaheuristic methods SBO

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Social Deliberation vs. Social Contracts in Self-governing Voluntary Organisations 28th

Social Deliberation vs. Social Contracts in Self-governing ...

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28th International Workshop on Coordination, Organizations, Institutions, Norms, and Ethics for Governance of Multi-Agent Systems, COINE 2024

作者： Scott, Matthew Mertzani, Asimina Smit, Ciske Sarkadi, Stefan Pitt, Jeremy Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom Department of Informatics King’s College London London United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9783031820380

Self-organising multi-agent systems regulate their components’ behaviour voluntarily, according to a set of socially-constructed, mutually-agreed, and mutable social arrangements. In some systems, these arrangements may be applied with a frequency, at a scale and within implicit cost constraints such that performance becomes a pressing issue. In this context, this paper introduces the Megabike Scenario, which consists of a negotiated agreement on a relatively ‘large’ set of conventional rules and ‘frequent’, ‘democratic’ deliberation and decision-making according to those rules, but a resource-bounded imperative to reach a ‘correct’ decision. A formalism is defined for expressive rule representation combined with efficient and effective rule processing, which is evaluated against five interleaved socio-functional requirements. System performance is also evaluated empirically through simulation. We conclude that to self-organise their social arrangements, agents need some awareness of their own limitations and the value of compromise. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Decision making

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Knowledge- and Model-Driven Deep Reinforcement Learning for Efficient Federated Edge Learning: Single- and Multi-Agent Frameworks

IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and ...

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IEEE Transactions on Machine Learning in Communications and Networking 2025年 3卷 332-352页

作者： Li, Yangchen Zhao, Lingzhi Wang, Tianle Ding, Lianghui Yang, Feng Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai200240 China University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Department of Computer Science UrbanaIL61801 United States

In this paper, we investigate federated learning (FL) efficiency improvement in practical edge computing systems, where edge workers have non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) local data, as well as dynamic and heterogeneous computing and communication capabilities. We consider a general FL algorithm with configurable parameters, including the number of local iterations, mini-batch sizes, step sizes, aggregation weights, and quantization parameters, and provide a rigorous convergence analysis. We formulate a joint optimization problem for FL worker selection and algorithm parameter configuration to minimize the final test loss subject to time and energy constraints. The resulting problem is a complicated stochastic sequential decision-making problem with an implicit objective function and unknown transition probabilities. To address these challenges, we propose knowledge/model-driven single-agent and multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) frameworks. We transform the primal problem into a Markov decision process (MDP) for the single-agent DRL framework and a decentralized partially-observable Markov decision process (Dec-POMDP) for the multi-agent DRL framework. We develop efficient single-agent and multi-agent asynchronous advantage actor-critic (A3C) approaches to solve the MDP and Dec-POMDP, respectively. In both frameworks, we design a knowledge-based reward to facilitate effective DRL and propose a model-based stochastic policy to tackle the mixed discrete-continuous actions and large action spaces. To reduce the computational complexities of policy learning and execution, we introduce a segmented actor-critic architecture for the single-agent DRL and a distributed actor-critic architecture for the multi-agent DRL. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed frameworks in enhancing FL efficiency. © 2025 CCBY.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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MetaCon: Revitalizing Internet Congestion Control with Meta-Reinforcement Learning

MetaCon: Revitalizing Internet Congestion Control with Meta-...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Bai, He Li, Hui Que, Jianming Zhang, Minglong Chong, Peter Han Joo Sudheera, Kalupahana Liyanage Kushan Pei, Xinyuan School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen China School of Computer Science Fuyao University of Science and Technology Fuzhou China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State University Starkville United States School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Ruhuna Sri Lanka

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Effective congestion control algorithms (CCAs) are crucial for the smooth operation of Internet communication infrastructure. CCAs adjust transmission rates based on congestion signals, optimizing resource utilization and user experience. However, existing studies, both rule-based and learning-based CCAs, often struggle with generalization and underperform when deployed in real-world environments. When applied to unseen network conditions, hand-crafted schemes or pre-trained models may experience significant performance degradation. To address this challenge, we propose MetaCon, a novel adaptive Internet congestion control approach based on meta-reinforcement learning. MetaCon leverages knowledge learned from prior scenarios to quickly adapt to new environments. Experimental results show that MetaCon outperforms existing algorithms by exhibiting superior generalization and achieving better transmission performance across a wide variety of network conditions. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： communication network congestion control meta-learning reinforcement learning transport protocol

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Sobol Sequence Optimization for Hardware-Efficient Vector Symbolic Architectures

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2025年第3期44卷 937-950页

作者： Aygun, Sercan Najafi, Hassan University of Louisiana at Lafayette School of Computing and Informatics LafayetteLA70503 United States Case Western Reserve University Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Department ClevelandOH44106 United States

Hyperdimensional computing (HDC) is an emerging computing paradigm with significant promise for efficient and robust learning. In HDC, objects are encoded with high-dimensional vector symbolic sequences called hypervectors. The quality of hypervectors, defined by their distribution and independence, directly impacts the performance of HDC systems. Despite a large body of work on the processing parts of HDC systems, little to no attention has been paid to data encoding and the quality of hypervectors. Most prior studies have generated hypervectors using inherent random functions, such as MATLAB’s or Python’s random function. This work introduces an optimization technique for generating hypervectors by employing quasi-random sequences. These sequences have recently demonstrated their effectiveness in achieving accurate and low-discrepancy data encoding in stochastic computing systems. The study outlines the optimization steps for utilizing Sobol sequences to produce high-quality hypervectors in HDC systems. An optimization algorithm is proposed to select the most suitable Sobol sequences via indexes for generating minimally correlated hypervectors, particularly in applications related to symbol-oriented architectures. The performance of the proposed technique is evaluated in comparison to two traditional approaches of generating hypervectors based on linear-feedback shift registers and MATLAB random functions. The evaluation is conducted for three applications: 1) language;2) headline;and 3) medical image classification. Our experimental results demonstrate accuracy improvements of up to 10.79%, depending on the vector size. Additionally, the proposed encoding hardware exhibits reduced energy consumption and a superior area-delay product. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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First Characterization of GaN Power Device and IC at Deep Cryogenic Temperatures down to 100 mK 14

First Characterization of GaN Power Device and IC at Deep Cr...

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14th Annual IEEE Applied Power electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2025

作者： Yang, Xin Porter, Matthew Yang, Zineng Xi, Zichen Jin, Liyang Zhu, Liyan Shao, Linbo Zhang, Yuhao Blacksburg United States Virginia Tech Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Blacksburg United States The University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516116

关键词： Power integrated circuits

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Performance and Implementation Comparison of Knuth-Morris-Pratt and Boyer-Moore String Search Algorithms 2

Performance and Implementation Comparison of Knuth-Morris-Pr...

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2nd International Conference on Advanced Innovations in Smart Cities, ICAISC 2025

作者： Saleh, Taj Ergin, Fatma Corut Malkawi, Malek Alhajj, Reda Department of Computer Engineering Marmara University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Engineering Istanbul Medipol University Istanbul Turkey Department of Computer Science University of Calgary Alberta Canada Department of Heath Informatics University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506995

String search algorithms play an important role in many research areas such as data mining and bioinformatics. While there exist a number of algorithms that handles the topic, we are exploring the the Knuth-Morris-Pratt (KMP) and Boyer-Moore algorithms due to their efficiency and versatility. In this work, we compared the algorithms in terms of characteristics, performance and implementation details. We also tested both the algorithms with various patterns and texts that differs in size. We also analyzed the performance of the algorithms on 4 different processors to understand the technological advancements effects on their performance. Our findings suggest that the BM algorithm perform better with large texts and patterns, while the KMP algorithm is better suited for smaller ones. Also, while newer processor generally exhibit improved performance, the significance of these enhancements may vary. Thus, we should rather be looking specific architectural advancements within generations rather than focusing solely on the generational gap. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： String searching algorithms

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Joint Power Control and Multi-Path Routing for Internet of Underwater Things in Varying Environments

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 15197-15210页

作者： Xu, Cangzhu Song, Shanshan Liu, Jun Pan, Miao Xu, Gaochao Cui, Jun-Hong Jilin University Department of Computer Science and Technology Changchun130012 China Beihang University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100191 China Smart Ocean Technology Co. Ltd Shenzhen518055 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77204 United States University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study Chengdu China Jilin University College of Computer Science and Technology Changchun130012 China

Internet of Underwater Thing (IoUT) stands as promising technology facilitating diverse underwater applications. Nevertheless, IoUT across vast marine regions is challenged by highly diverse and fluctuating channel environments, which results in unreliable point-to-point (PTP) transmissions. Moreover, its multi-hop nature exacerbates severe unreliable end-to-end (ETE) transmissions. Existing methods utilize routing protocols to address the above challenges by independently power control for PTP reliability or multi-path transmission for ETE reliability. However, these methods ignore the interdependencies between power control and multi-path transmission, which fail to guarantee high energy-efficient reliability in resource-constrained and harsh underwater environments. To this end, we propose a joint power Control And Multi-Path routing (CAMP) protocol for IoUTs in varying environments. Specifically, we develop PTP and ETE reliability models by analyzing the interrelation between power control and multi-path routing, incorporating historical, current, and predictive information. A hybrid routing strategy is designed based on the reliability models to accommodate changing environmental conditions, residual energy, and link quality. This strategy initiates multi-path routing at the source and single-path forwarding at relay nodes, combined with power control. Extensive simulations demonstrate that CAMP achieves superior reliability (packet delivery rate) and energy efficiency, while simultaneously improving network performance in terms of latency and throughput. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Routing Reliability Power control Routing protocols Energy efficiency Relays Internet of Things Sensors Reliability engineering computer network reliability

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