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Adaptive optics two photon microscopy enables in vivo longitudinal visualization of the glaucoma progression with subcellular resolution in the mouse model 34

Adaptive optics two photon microscopy enables in vivo longit...

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Ophthalmic Technologies XXXIV 2024

作者： Fu, Yiming Pham, Binh Minh He, Sicong Qin, Zhongya Xie, Ting Qu, Jianan Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Division of Life Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong Department of Biomedical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Province Shenzhen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510669079

Glaucoma is characterized by the irreversible retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) loss and has received great research and clinical attention due to its complex mechanism and loss of effective treatment. Longitudinal in vivo study on glaucoma in mouse model can be a promising approach to unveil the mechanism of glaucoma. In this paper, we use a silicon oil (SO) induced glaucoma model on mouse and the adaptive optics two photon microscope system to evaluate whether the aberration from both mouse eye and SO can be corrected and then longitudinal imaging with subcellular resolution on the mouse retina can be achieved. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Adaptive optics

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What Appears Suboptimal May Surprise You: A Fixed-Rate Scheduling Policy for Geo-Distributed CoFlows 29

What Appears Suboptimal May Surprise You: A Fixed-Rate Sched...

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29th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems, ICPADS 2023

作者： Liu, Haoyu Ding, Feiyan Wang, Yao Xiang, Qiao Shu, Jiwu Du, Haizhou Kong, Linghe Liu, Xue Xiamen University School of Informatics Xiamen China University of Electric Power of Shanghai School of Computer Science and Technology Shanghai China Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai China McGill University School of Computer Science Montreal Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350330717

All existing coflow scheduling algorithms compute dynamic-rate schedules that change the rates of flows during transmission. In this paper, we make a crucial finding: although dynamically adjusting the rates of flows could lead to a better coflow completion time (CCT) in theory, it would introduce additional pressures on the congestion control mechanism in the underlying network, which result in poor CCT in practice. This difference between theoretical CCT and practical CCT is further exacerbated in wide-area networks, where the topology does not provide any bisection guarantee as data center networks do. To this end, we designed a fixed-rate coflow scheduling policy called FSCO. Although in theory, the best fixed-rate schedule is usually suboptimal, it keeps the in-flight traffic relatively steady, reducing the risk of triggering congestion control. The core of FSCO is an efficient scheduling algorithm based on the classic network utilization maximization (NUM) framework. We implement a prototype of FSCO and evaluate its performance extensively using real-world topologies and coflow traces. Experimental results show that the total CCT reduces up to 30% compared to baselines while yielding up to 12× speedups compared to the solver. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Coflow Scheduling Dual decomposition Network Utility Maximization

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A Novel Method for Monitoring and Controlling the Electrical Parameters in Industrial Applications Using IoT Technology

A Novel Method for Monitoring and Controlling the Electrical...

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Smart and Sustainable Developments in Electrical engineering (SSDEE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Suresh Muthusamy Sarathkumar Duraisamy Meenakumari Ramachandran Surendar Vadivel V. Kavitha T. Suresh Kumar Praveen Kumar Ramanathan Rahul Rajendran Ravikumar Sanjay Balaji Mohanraj Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Kongu Engineering College (Autonomous) Perundurai Erode Tamil Nadu Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering RMK Engineering College (Autonomous) Gummidipoondi Kavaraipettai Tiruval Department of Computer Science and Engineering Velalar College of Engineering and Technology (Autonomous) Thindal Erode Department of Computer Science and Engineering AVS Engineering College Salem Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Kongu Engineering College (Autonomous) Perundurai Erode Tamil Nadu

ISBN: (数字)9798331542108

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542115

The proposed system will introduce an IoT-based smart energy monitoring solution to enhance real-time tracking and management of electrical parameters, using the ESP32 Wi-Fi module as the core processing unit. The system integrates current and voltage sensors for accurate measurement of electricity consumption. These sensors capture electrical parameters processed and calibrated by the ESP32 so that power usage and energy consumption can be considered in their calculation. The processed data is then transmitted to the cloud, where users can now monitor and control their energy consumption using the Blynk mobile application. For example, this innovative system features live monitoring of electrical parameters, customizable alerts for abnormal consumption, and remote device control via relay module. These are then integrated into the system, which is useful in the management of energy for residential and commercial purposes, thus contributing to the conservation of energy that promotes sustainability and sound energy practice.

关键词： Energy consumption Voltage measurement Microcontrollers Real-time systems Sensor systems Sustainable development Relays Monitoring Intelligent sensors Wireless fidelity

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A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Android Malware Detection 6th

A Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Android Malware Detectio...

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6th International Conference on Recent Innovations in Computing, ICRIC 2023

作者： Ravi, Renjith V. Goyal, S.B. Rajawat, Anand Singh Shaari, Rosnizah Bt Verma, Chaman Singh, Pradeep Kumar School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Rashtriya Raksha University Gujrat Gandhinagar382305 India City University Petaling Jaya Malaysia School of Computer Sciences and Engineering Sandip University Nashik Nashik India City University Petaling Jaya46100 Malaysia Department of Media and Educational Informatics Faculty of Informatics Eötvös Loránd University Budapest1053 Hungary Department of CSE Central University of Jammu J&K India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819734412

The task of detecting malware on Android devices has become increasingly critical in the light of the widespread use of mobile devices and the escalating menace posed by malicious software. In the present scholarly publication, we put forth an innovative methodology for identifying malicious software within Android applications. Our proposed technique involves the utilisation of a hybrid recurrent neural network-convolutional neural network (RNN-CNN) architecture. The hybrid model effectively utilises the inherent advantages of both recurrent neural networks (RNNs) and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in order to enhance the precision and efficacy of malware detection. We present a comprehensive methodology, including the architecture of the hybrid model and the CNN and RNN component parameters. The experimental findings serve to substantiate the efficacy of the proposed methodology in accurately discerning instances of Android malware. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Android malware

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Geometry-informed Channel Statistics Prediction Based upon Uncalibrated Digital Twins

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Abouamer, Mahmoud Saad Williams, Robin J. Popovski, Petar Department of Electronic Systems Aalborg University Denmark Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Waterloo Canada

Digital twins (DTs) of wireless environments can be utilized to predict the propagation channel and reduce the overhead of required to estimate the channel statistics. However, direct channel prediction requires data-intensive calibration of the DT to capture the environment properties relevant for propagation of electromagnetic signals. We introduce a framework that starts from a satellite image of the environment to produce an uncalibrated DT, which has no or imprecise information about the materials and their electromagnetic properties. The key idea is to use the uncalibrated DT to implicitly provide a geometric prior for the environment. This is utilized to inform a Gaussian process (GP), which permits the use of few channel measurements to attain an accurate prediction of the channel statistics. Additionally, the framework is able to quantify the uncertainty in channel statistics prediction and select rate in ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC) that complies with statistical guarantees. The efficacy of the proposed geometry-informed GP is validated using experimental data obtained through a measurement campaign. Furthermore, the proposed prediction framework is shown to provide significant improvements compared to the benchmarks where i) direct channel statistics prediction is obtained using an uncalibrated DT and (ii) the GP predicts channel statistics using information about the location. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gaussian distribution

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Towards Service Function Chaining and Embedding for Multi-Security Guarantee Levels 8

Towards Service Function Chaining and Embedding for Multi-Se...

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8th IEEE International Conference on computer and Communications, ICCC 2022

作者： Wang, Ben Cao, Xiaojun Peng, Chengzong Li, Jun Zheng, Danyang School of Electronic and Information Engineering Soochow Univeristy China Georgia State University Department of Computer Science United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665450515

In the emerging 5G networks, achieving security-aware data transmission needs to converting clients' requests into a service function chain (SFC), each service function (SF) of which provides a certain security guarantee level. As the virtualization technology is approaching to be mature, a service function may own multiple versions, whereas different versions provide various security guarantee levels with diverse costs. Thus, as more options are posted out by the multi-versions of SFs, establishing an SFC that meets the client's security guarantee level requirements becomes complex and challenging. In this paper, we study how to construct and embed a security-aware SFC onto a shared PN when multi-version SFs co-exist. We mathematically define this problem and name it security-aware service function chaining and embedding with multi-versions SFs (SFCE-MF). We prove this problem is NP-hard and proposes three critical heuristic algorithms to solve the problem, namely, security-first SF picking policy (SF -SP), cost-first SF picking policy (CF -SP) and security -cost balanced SF picking policy (SCB-SP). Our extensive simulations have shown that SCB-SP outperforms the other two regarding the variants of network size, the number of SF instances, and the security guarantee level requirements. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Network function virtualization

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Finite Element Simulations of Phase Change Memory Devices Using Semiconductor Physics

Finite Element Simulations of Phase Change Memory Devices Us...

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IEEE Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC)

作者： Sadid Muneer Nafisa Noor Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering United International University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North South University Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798331541439

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541446

Phase change memory (PCM) is a non-volatile memory in which data is stored as resistance contrast between amorphous and crystalline phases. Many simulation models have been developed to study crystalline to amorphous transition (reset) and amorphous to crystalline transition (set) operations. Ge2Sb2Tes (GST) is the most widely used phase change material, which is a p-type semiconductor in both phases. This work presents a finite element simulation platform that uses semiconductor physics to calculate charge carrier concentration during device operation, along with heat transport physics to estimate temperature. Crystallinity is tracked by solving a simple ordinary differential equation. A PCM line cell, which has experienced a reset pulse of 3.5 V, shows melting, bandgap collapse, and amorphization in the middle. Carrier trapping in the amorphous portion and Schottky barrier formation in the amorphous-crystalline boundary are observed. This type of modeling will be particularly useful in investigating carrier kinetics during set and reset operations and charge trapping-detrapping inside the PCM devices.

关键词： Phase change materials Resistance Photonic band gap Nonvolatile memory Amorphous semiconductors Schottky barriers Ordinary differential equations Phase change memory Finite element analysis Nanotechnology

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Aligning Transregional Neural Dynamics with Transformer-based Variational Autoencoders*

Aligning Transregional Neural Dynamics with Transformer-base...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Shenghui Wu Xiang Zhang Yifan Huang Yiwen Wang Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Medicine School The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Spike prediction models can reveal how different brain regions communicate via neural spiking activity. Meanwhile, low-dimensional latent variables have been widely used to describe the evolvement of neural activities in single-region analysis. However, correlations of these latent dynamics for transregional neural activity have rarely been studied. Here, we propose a unified architecture to analyze and exploit the correlation of latent dynamics between two cortical areas for spike prediction from upstream to downstream areas. The method is validated on neural population activity from the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the primary motor cortex (M1) of a Sprague Dawley rat during the two-lever discrimination task. We separately train two Transformer-based variational autoencoders (tVAEs) for mPFC and M1 neurons to extract the latent variables from their self-history spike trains. Then, we align the latent variables from the two brain regions with a regression model. By cascading the tVAE encoder for mPFC neurons and the tVAE decoder for M1 neurons through aligned latent variables, we achieve the prediction from mPFC spike train history to M1 future neural activity. The results show that the tVAEs can extract latent dynamics from the mPFC and M1 spike ensembles that resemble behavioral trajectories. We also demonstrate that the mPFC and M1 neural activity have shared latent dynamics and can be linearly aligned for spike prediction. Consequently, our method can be applied to study the evolving relationship of transregional latent dynamics and contribute to the design of future neural prostheses.

关键词： Solid modeling Adaptation models Correlation Neurons Neural activity Autoencoders Predictive models Brain modeling Transformers Prosthetics

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Data-driven Modeling Techniques for SMA Spring

Data-driven Modeling Techniques for SMA Spring

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IEEE International Conference on Knowledge Innovation and Invention (ICKII)

作者： Chani Kim Jeongsu Kim Jungeun Lee Byeongwoo Kim Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan Korea Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Ulsan Ulsan Korea

A data-driven modeling technique for shape memory alloy (SMA) springs was developed in this study. The conventional mathematical formula-based modeling technique requires SMA property parameter information. Thus, we developed a technique that did not require the information. A dataset was built through experiments to train the model. Based on this dataset, a regression model was also trained to estimate the force and responsiveness properties of SMA springs. Then, the SMA spring's force was modeled using a regression model's estimation results as the first-order system based on the SMA spring's properties. To validate the effectiveness and performance of the data-driven modeling method, root mean square error (RMSE) and R-squared were used. The RMSE was 91.61 g f for the maximum force and 1.5 s for the time constant. The coefficient of determination was higher than 0.8. This confirmed that the regression model accurately estimated the maximum force and time constant. Finally, the validity of the suggested modeling technique was demonstrated by comparing the outcomes of the first-order system design with the real data based on the regression model findings.

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Design of Low-Power 6T Adiabatic PUF Circuit

Design of Low-Power 6T Adiabatic PUF Circuit

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IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Circuits and Systems

作者： Jiaming Liu Yasuhiro Takahashi Graduate School of Engineering Gifu University Gifu Japan Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Gifu University Gifu Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350378771

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378788

The adiabatic based Physical Unclonable Functions (PUF) is a circuit that utilizes adiabatic technology and the variations in the CMOS manufacturing process to achieve low energy dissipation and enhance device security. In this paper, we propose a low-power 6T adiabatic PUF and simulated using 0.18 $\mu \mathrm{m}$ CMOS process technology. The simulation results show that the proposed PUF achieves an average reliability of $98.51 \%$ against variations of temperature and supply voltage, with a uniqueness of $49.75 \%$ and consumes $15.92 \mathrm{fJ} / \mathrm{Cb}-\mathrm{cycle}$ per bit. To validate the functionality of the proposed PUF, a 4-bit Low-Power 6T PUF chip is fabricated using $0.18 \mu \mathrm{~m}$ standard CMOS process. Measurement results show that the proposed PUF has normal PUF functionality and has an average reliability of $96.92 \%$ at room temperature.

关键词： Temperature measurement Semiconductor device measurement Simulation Physical unclonable function CMOS process Large scale integration Transistors Security Integrated circuit reliability Standards

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