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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Honghao Wu, Qingqing Chen, Wen The Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Macau 999078 China

This paper investigates the utility of movable antenna (MA) assistance for the multiple-input single-output (MISO) interference channel. We exploit an additional design degree of freedom provided by MA to enhance the desired signal and suppress interference so as to reduce the total transmit power of interference network. To this end, we jointly optimize the MA positions and transmit beamforming, subject to the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio constraints of users. To address the non-convex optimization problem, we propose an efficient iterative algorithm to alternately optimize the MA positions via successive convex approximation method and the transmit beamforming via second-order cone program approach. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed MA-enabled MISO interference network outperforms its conventional counterpart without MA, which significantly enhances the capability of inter-cell frequency reuse and reduces the complexity of transmitter design. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antennas

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QoS-Aware Scheduling of Airship-Assisted Train-to-Ground Millimeter-Wave Communication for HSR Scenario

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Liu, Lei Ai, Bo Niu, Yong Han, Zhu Wang, Ning Xiong, Lei Qiao, Yuanyuan Beijing Jiaotong University School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing100044 China University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of Zhengzhou University School of Information Engineering Zhengzhou450001 China

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication is one of the key technologies to enhance the mobile networks for high-speed railway (HSR) scenarios. However, the cost of using mmWave base stations (BSs) to completely cover the HSR lines is unaffordable in practice. In this paper, we introduc the airship-assisted train-to-ground communications in space-air-ground integrated network (SAGIN), aiming to maximize the number of scheduling flows that satisfy quality of service (QoS) requirements. Then we formulate an optimization problem by configuring the number of networks, QoS requirements of flows, and the number of time slots (TSs) in each frame for transmission schedule. To address the problem, we first propose a network selection algorithm to help the airship and BSs select the right MRs, and determine whether the number of TSs occupied by flows can satisfy the QoS requirements. Furthermore, to enhance the number of scheduling flows, we propose a flow scheduling algorithm to optimizing the scheduling order of flows in different networks, and we also consider the flow scheduling when there is no network switching in certain frames. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively improve the number of scheduling flows and transmitted bits. We also verify that the proposed algorithm can further improve the system performance with different periods of network switching compared to other algorithms. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Railroads

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Can Whisper Perform Speech-Based In-Context Learning?

Can Whisper Perform Speech-Based In-Context Learning?

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Siyin Wang Chao-Han Yang Ji Wu Chao Zhang Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

This paper investigates the in-context learning abilities of the Whisper automatic speech recognition (ASR) models released by OpenAI. A novel speech-based in-context learning (SICL) approach is proposed for test-time adaptation, which can reduce the word error rates (WERs) with only a small number of labelled speech samples without gradient descent. Language-level adaptation experiments using Chinese dialects showed that when applying SICL to isolated word ASR, consistent and considerable relative WER reductions can be achieved using Whisper models of any size on two dialects, which is on average 32.3%. A k-nearest-neighbours-based in-context example selection technique can be applied to further improve the efficiency of SICL, which can increase the average relative WER reduction to 36.4%. The findings are verified using speaker adaptation or continuous speech recognition tasks, and both achieved considerable relative WER reductions. Detailed quantitative analyses are also provided to shed light on SICL’s adaptability to phonological variances and dialect-specific lexical nuances.

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MINER-RRT*: A Hierarchical and Fast Trajectory Planning Framework in 3D Cluttered Environments

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Pengyu Tang, Jiawei Lin, Hin Wang Zhang, Fan Wang, Chaoqun Wang, Jiankun Shi, Ling Meng, Max Q.-H. Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Robotics Perception and Intelligence The Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China The Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong The Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Alberta Canada The School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Shandong China

—Trajectory planning for quadrotors in cluttered environments has been challenging in recent years. While many trajectory planning frameworks have been successful, there still exists potential for improvements, particularly in enhancing the speed of generating efficient trajectories. In this paper, we present a novel hierarchical trajectory planning framework to reduce computational time and memory usage called MINER-RRT*, which consists of two main components. First, we propose a sampling-based path planning method boosted by neural networks, where the predicted heuristic region accelerates the convergence of rapidly-exploring random trees. Second, we utilize the optimal conditions derived from the quadrotor’s differential flatness properties to construct polynomial trajectories that minimize control effort in multiple stages. Extensive simulation and real-world experimental results demonstrate that, compared to several state-of-the-art (SOTA) approaches, our method can generate high-quality trajectories with better performance in 3D cluttered environments. (Video1) Note to Practitioners—The motivation is the problem of planning trajectories for quadrotor autonomous flight in 3D cluttered and complex scenarios such as wild forest exploration and subterranean environment search-and-rescue. Sampling-based path planning methods are suitable for dealing with the complexity of the physical environment but are not convenient for computing dynamics and their differentials. Optimization-based trajectory generation methods are appropriate for handling various high-order constraints but rely on high-quality initial path solutions. Therefore, this paper combines the advantages of the two methods to propose a novel trajectory planning framework that can generate high-quality trajectories for quadrotors faster than many previous algorithms. We conduct numerous simulations and real-world experiments to verify that our method can be effectively deployed in real scenarios and empo

关键词： Deep neural networks

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A 0.25–2.7 GHz, 0.6 V, 1.59 mW Auxiliary-Path-Free Noise-Cancelling Low-Noise Amplifier in 28 nm CMOS

A 0.25–2.7 GHz, 0.6 V, 1.59 mW Auxiliary-Path-Free Noise-Ca...

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European Conference on Solid-State Circuits (ESSCIRC)

作者： Zhe Liu Rucheng Jiang Chirn Chye Boon School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798350388138

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388145

An inductorless wideband auxiliary-path-free noise-cancelling (NC) low-noise amplifier (LNA) with current reuse is proposed. In conventional NC technique, the noise of the main amplifier is cancelled by adding an auxiliary amplifier, which introduces additional noise and consumes extra power. In the proposed work, the noise of the main amplifier can be suppressed at zero theoretically while no additional auxiliary amplifier is required. Moreover, the complementary current reuse structure is exploited in this work for power reduction. Fabricated in 28 nm CMOS, the LNA exhibits a voltage gain of 17.7 dB with a 3-dB bandwidth of 0.25 to 2.7 GHz, a minimum noise figure (NF) of 2.9 dB at 1.2 GHz and an IIP3 of 6.8dBm at 1 GHz. It consumes 1.59 mW from a 0.6 V supply and occupies a very compact die area of $0.0076 \mathbf{~ m m}^{2}$.

关键词： Low-noise amplifiers Noise figure Power demand Noise Linearity Europe Voltage Transistors Wideband Gain

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Optimal Integration of Distributed Renewable Generation for Reliability Improvement in Distribution Network

Optimal Integration of Distributed Renewable Generation for ...

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IEEE Power engineering Society Conference and Exposition in Africa, PowerAfrica

作者： Adeleke Aderibigbe Anthony Adoghe Felix Agbetuyi Abel Airoboman Reginald Ogu Department of Electrical & Information Engineering Covenant University Ota Nigeria Department of Electrical/Electronic Engineering Nigerian Defence Academy Kaduna Department of Computer Engineering Federal University of Technology Owerri

ISBN: (数字)9798350389388

ISBN: (纸本)9798350389395

The fundamental characteristics of electrical power system is the provision of economical and reliable electricity to the consumers. The inability of the Centralized Generation (CG) which are mainly from fossil fuels to provide reliable electrical power necessitate the need for Distributed Renewable Generation (DRG) to augment the existing power system at the distribution level. Therefore, this paper presents a study on how to integrate DRG optimally in a real distribution network for reliability enhancement using Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA). The line, load and reliability parameters/data of the selected WAEC 11kV distribution network were collected, processed and analysed on developed single line diagram. Cuckoo search algorithm was used for identifying the DRGs optimal location and size in the developed distribution network while Backward-Forward Sweep method in MATLAB 2021 software environment was used to determine the power loss and reliability indices with and without DGs integration. The result at base case revealed a power loss of 2120kW at bus 85 with a minimum voltage of 0.9368 with reliability indices values: SAIFI, SAIDI, CAIDI and ASUI given as 10.9019f/c. yr, 38.2089hr/c. yr, 3.5048hr/*** and 4.3617-3 p.u. respectively. Therefore, with 3DGs injected the power loss reduced to 970.6kW at an improved voltage of 0.95899 at 83bus. The percentage reduction in SAIFI, SAIDI, CAIDI and ASUI are 1.28%, 22.96%, 21.96% and 21.96% respectively which resulted in enhanced reliability.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Software algorithms Distribution networks Reliability engineering Software Power system reliability Software reliability Reliability MATLAB Protection

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Effects of Cell Aspect Ratio and Applied Pulse Parameters on Resistance Drift in Ge2Sb2Te5 PCM Nanodevices

Effects of Cell Aspect Ratio and Applied Pulse Parameters on...

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IEEE Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC)

作者： Tasneem Mazhar Sadid Muneer Nafisa Noor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North South University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering United International University Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798331541439

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541446

The upward resistance drift in the amorphous phase of phase change memory (PCM) is one of the major hindrances to reliable device operation. Resistance drift is still not well-understood and is debatably linked to various physical mechanisms. Hence, further device characterizations on the impact of different factors are crucial to overcome the technological hurdles and clarify the underlying processes. In this work, we performed electrical characterization of capped Ge2Sb2Tes PCM line cells to evaluate how the cell aspect ratio and applied pulse parameters influence resistance drift and data retention trends. We observed that narrower embedded PCM cells have larger drift exponents than wide cells with similar programmed resistances, possibly due to higher internal stress and slower stress relaxation of the mechanically more confined amorphous zone of the narrow cell. This finding indicates the scaling challenge of embedded cells, which is not experienced by the uncapped cells. We also found that PCM cells programmed with repeated pulses exhibited the lowest drift exponents. Additionally, shorter rise and fall times resulted in lower drift exponents due to the minimal nucleation chances during the sharp falling edges, reducing the crystallization-induced stress. Thus, repeated sharp-edged programming pulses are the most energy-efficient and effective in suppressing the upward resistance drift compared to a single reset pulse. We also conducted thermally accelerated crystallization experiments at 400 K and found the wide cells to drop resistance slowly at the beginning compared to narrow cells, while all cells reached similar final resistance values and crystallized in a similar timeframe. Hence, scaling of embedded cells was not found to limit the long-term data retention time in PCM.

关键词： Resistance Phase change materials Performance evaluation Thermal resistance Crystallization Programming Market research Thermal conductivity Phase change memory Reliability

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Optimizing Energy Efficiency via Small Cell-Controlled Power Management for Seamless Data Connectivity 27th

Optimizing Energy Efficiency via Small Cell-Controlled Powe...

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27th International Conference on Distributed computer and Communication Networks, DCCN 2024

作者： Shabbir, Amna Ahmad, Sadique Azhar, Madeeha Rizvi, Safdar Ali Kushchazli, Anna Ateya, Abdelhamied Ashraf Department of Electronic Engineering NED UET Karachi Pakistan EIAS Data Science and BlockChain Lab CCIS Prince Sultan University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Telecommunication Engineering NED UET Karachi Pakistan Computer Science Department Bahria University Karachi Campus Karachi Pakistan RUDN University 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street Moscow Russia Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9783031808524

The growing importance of energy-efficient networks capable of handling high data rates poses a significant concern for network operators. With the evolution of new mobile data network standards, there has been a surge in the number of subscribers and an increased demand for high-speed data traffic, enabling seamless streaming of social media content within seconds. Network operators are tasked with meeting consumer satisfaction, and to achieve high data rates and good signal quality, they have adopted the deployment of small cells. In this research, energy efficiency is enhanced through an investigation of the small cell-controlled scheme, which is then extended to incorporate a power control strategy based on throughput measurements. Additionally, energy consumption is reduced by adjusting the transmit power based on traffic patterns. Specifically, during periods of normal traffic, the power utilization is set at 40% of the total power, while in times of increased traffic intensity, 60% of the total power is allocated. This traffic intensity-based power distribution scheme results in a 13–15% increase in energy efficiency compared to the small cell-controlled sleep mode. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： energy efficiency power control power distribution small cell

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An Enhancement of DES, AES Based on Imperceptibility Along with LSB

An Enhancement of DES, AES Based on Imperceptibility Along w...

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2022 International Seminar on Application for Technology of Information and Communication, iSemantic 2022

作者： Sari, Christy Atika Wahyu Utomo, Danang Sari, Wellia Shinta Sinaga, Daurat Doheir, Mohamed Dian Nuswantoro University Faculty of Computer Science Department of Informatics Engineering Semarang Indonesia University Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia

ISBN: (数字)9781665488396

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488396

A data or information becomes important if only certain people can receive the information. For example, keeping a confidential documentation file. Files stored do not guarantee to be free from access and abuse by crackers such as wanting to modify or distribute the contents of the file on the basis of providing benefits for them. The security of information can be increased by using cryptography to encrypt messages into a secret cipher. The steganographic method is a method used to protect messages by inserting them into other media. In this study, a combination of cryptographic algorithms, namely Data Encryption Standard and Advanced Encryption Standard, was used for the Least Significant Bit steganography method. DES has the advantage of using S-Box. DES is not immune to brute force attacks and has a key length of only 56 bits, thus it is necessary to optimize the DES algorithm. AES has a more complicated key randomization process using a certain loop where AES is an extension of DES. On the other hand, to obtain a high imperceptibility value, LSB is used. The results of the combination of 2 cryptographic algorithms with steganography were tested with parameters such as PSNR and MSE which got values of 73.66 dB and 0.016, which means they are ideal values for stego images that have a high level of similarity with the original image. Encryption and decryption processing, the best time is 0.438 seconds with various message file sizes used. Meanwhile, in the embedding results, the image file size is slightly larger. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Cryptography

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RISCALAR: A Cycle-Approximate, Parametrisable RISC-V Microarchitecture Explorer & Simulator

RISCALAR: A Cycle-Approximate, Parametrisable RISC-V Microar...

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： Josiah Mendes Rajesh C. Panicker Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London United Kingdom

ISBN: (数字)9798350330991

ISBN: (纸本)9798350331004

Riscalar is a highly parameterisable, extensible, and modular computer architecture simulation tool designed for the RISC-V ISA. The ability of Riscalar to explore a large design space with configurable pipeline widths, execution orders, functional units, cache sizes, and branch predictors differentiates it from other RISC-V educational simulators. It is capable of simulating user-designed programs through standard cross-compilation tools, and can be used to explore the relationship between processor microarchitecture, compiler optimizations, and program performance. This paper details the design and implementation of Riscalar using Rust, highlighting the abstractions made to implement a cycle-approximate simulator.

关键词： Microarchitecture Program processors Source coding Pipelines Education computer architecture Documentation

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