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New Zealand International Two-Stream Conference on Artificial Neural Networks and Expert systems

作者： N.K. Kasabov L.C. Jain Department of Information Science University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand Knowledge-based Engineering Systems Group University of South Australia SA Australia

Two realizations of connectionist expert systems (shells) which facilitate building expert systems when raw data and/or expert rules are available are presented. The knowledge base is represented as a neural network trained either by using past data or using rules. The systems facilitate approximate reasoning, creating a user interface or a communication with an object in real time, explanation to the user, learning and adaptation of the existing knowledge during the working phase, learning explicit rules about the domain area, and learning fuzzy rules in particular. The two different environments reported depend on the standard neural network simulators used. These two environments have been experimentally used for creating two diagnostic expert systems: one for breast-cancer diagnosis, another for fault diagnosis of an electronic device.< >

关键词： Hybrid intelligent systems Neural networks Fault diagnosis Expert systems User interfaces Real time systems Fuzzy reasoning Fuzzy systems Diagnostic expert systems Breast cancer

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Stability Analysis of Linguistic Fuzzy Model systems

Stability Analysis of Linguistic Fuzzy Model Systems

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Won C. Kim Wook H. Kwon H.D. Kim Samsung Data System Company Limited Seoul South Korea Information Systems Laboratory Department of Contr. & Institute Engineering Seoul National University Seoul South Korea

In this paper we propose a new stability theorem for linguistic fuzzy model systems. The model used here is a continuous version of Tanaka and Sugeno's model by which nonlinear system can be identified precisely. This theorem enables us to check the stability of fuzzy model by solving certain simple matrix equations. A simple example is also included to illustrate an application of the method.

关键词： Stability analysis Fuzzy systems Nonlinear equations Fuzzy reasoning Nonlinear systems Fuzzy sets Control systems Controllability Numerical models State-space methods

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ROLE OF SIMULATION IN RAPID PROTOTYPING FOR CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第3期103卷 204-211页

作者： KING, JF BARTON, DE J. Fred King:is the manager of the Advanced Technology Department for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Houston in 1977. He has been principal investigator of research projects in knowledge engineering pattern recognition and heuristic problem-solving. Efforts include the development of a multi-temporal multispectral classifier for identifying graincrops using LANDSAT satellite imagery data for NASA. Also as a member of the research team for a NCI study with Baylor College of Medicine and NASA he helped develop techniques for detection of carcinoma using multispectral microphotometer scans of lung tissue. He established and became technical director of the AI Laboratory for Ford Aerospace where he developed expert scheduling modeling and knowledge acquisition systems for NASA. Since joining Unisys in 1985 he has led the development of object-oriented programming environments blackboard architectures data fusion techniques using neural networks and intelligent data base systems. Douglas E. Barton:is manager of Logistics Information Systems for Unisys in Reston Virginia. He earned his B.A. degree in computer science from the College of William and Mary in 1978 and did postgraduate work in London as a Drapers Company scholar. Since joining Unisys in 1981 his work has concentrated on program management and software engineering of large scale data base management systems and design and implementation of knowledge-based systems in planning and logistics. As chairman of the Logistics Data Subcommittee of the National Security Industrial Association (NSIA) he led an industry initiative which examined concepts in knowledge-based systems in military logistics. His responsibilities also include evaluation development and tailoring of software engineering standards and procedures for data base and knowledge-based systems. He is currently program manager of the Navigation Information Management System which provides support to the Fleet Ballistic Missile Progr

A valuable technique during concept development is rapid prototyping of software for key design components. This approach is particularly useful when the optimum design approach is not readily apparent or several known alternatives need to be rapidly evaluated. A problem inherent in rapid prototyping is the lack of a "target system" with which to interface. Some alternatives are to develop test driver libraries, integrate the prototype with an existing working simulator, or build one for the specific problem. This paper presents a unique approach to concept development using rapid prototyping for concept development and scenario-based simulation for concept verification. The rapid prototyping environment, derived from artificial intelligence technology, is based on a blackboard architecture. The rapid prototype simulation capability is provided through an object-oriented modeling environment. It is shown how both simulation and blackboard technologies are used collectively to rapidly gain insight into a tenacious problem. A specific example will be discussed where this approach was used to evolve the logic of a mission controller for an autonomous underwater vehicle.

关键词： Military engineering

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Preface

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Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 1991年 498 LNCS卷 3-3页

作者： Andersen, Rudolf Bubenko, Janis A. Sølvberg, Arne Information and Knowledge Systems Group Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The Norwegian Institute of Technology TrondheimN-7034 Norway SISU-Swedish Institute for Systems Development Box 1250 KistaS-164 28 Sweden

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CLEER - AN AI-SYSTEM DEVELOPED TO ASSIST EQUIPMENT ARRANGEMENTS ON WARSHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1989年第3期101卷 127-137页

作者： ZHOU, HH SILVERMAN, BG SIMKOL, J Dr. H. Harry Zhou:is a research professor at the Institute for Artificial Intelligence of The George Washington University. Dr. Zhou received his master's degree and Ph.D. in computer science from Vanderbilt University in 1984 and 1987 respectively. He did his dissertation in the fields of artificial intelligence analogical reasoning and machine learning. His research interests include: classifier systems genetic algorithms learning by analogy inductive learning adaptive expert systems automated knowledge acquisition and adaption. He is also interested in data base design programming languages mental modeling and software engineering. Dr. Barry G. Silverman:is director of the Institute for Artificial Intelligence and a professor at the Engineering Administration Department of The George Washington University. He is also president of IntelliTek Inc. an AI consulting firm. Dr. Silverman received the B.S.E. M.S.E. and Ph.D. degrees from the University of Pennsylvania. He has been a principal developer of four generic AI products as well as eight AI applications. Since 1979 he has written over 100 papers and reports on these AI efforts. Joel Simkol:is a research scientist currently engaged in designing expert system architectures to support electronic warfare vulnerability analyses threat assessments shipboard topside antenna arrangements and C3countermeasures employment. Mr. Simkol's work in applying expert systems technology to electromagnetic interference and to spectrum management has generated increased interest and participation from all branches of government agencies.

This paper describes a modularized AI system being built to help improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) among shipboard topside equipment and their associated systems. CLEER is intended to act as an easy to use integrator of existing expert knowledge and pre-existing data bases and large scale analytical models. Due to these interfaces; to the need for portability of the software; and to artificial intelligence related design requirements (such as the need for spatial reasoning, expert data base management, model base management, track-based reasoning, and analogical (similar ship) reasoning) it was realized that traditional expert system shells would be inappropriate, although relatively off-the-shelf AI technology could be incorporated. In the same vein, the rapid prototyping approach to expert system design and knowledge engineering was not pursued in favor of a rigorous systems engineering methodology. The critical design decisions affecting CLEER's development are summarized in this paper along with lessons learned to date all in terms of “how,” “why,” and “when” specific features are being developed.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence

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Dominic II: Meta-Level Control in Iterative Redesign 7

Dominic II: Meta-Level Control in Iterative Redesign

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7th National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 1988

作者： Orelup, Mark F. Dixon, John R. Cohen, Paul R. Simmons, Melvin K. Mechanical Design Automation Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Massachusetts AmherstMA01003 United States Experimental Knowledge Systems Laboratory Department of Computer and Information Science University of Massachusetts United States Artificial Intelligence Branch General Electric Corporate Research and Development Schenectady New York12301 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0262510553

This paper describes the meta-level control system of a program (Dominic) for parametric design of mechanical components by iterative redesign. We view parametric design as search, and thus Dominic is a hill climbing algorithm. However, from experience with Dominic we concluded that modeling engineering design as hill climbing has several limitations. Therefore, a need for meta-level control knowledge exists. To implement meta-level control, we have taken the approach of dynamically modifying the way hill climbing is performed for this task, rather than requiring the addition of domain-specific control knowledge. We have identified the limitations of hill climbing, constructed various generic hill climbing strategies, and developed a me&t-strategy to guide the application of the strategies. The program monitors its own performance for unproductive efforts and selects among different strategies to improve its performance as it designs. This met&level control significantly improves the performance of the program over the performance of an earlier version. © 1988, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Level control

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Responses to “An Al view of the treatment of uncertainty” by Alessandro Saffiotti

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The knowledge engineering Review 1988年第1期3卷 59-86页

作者： Clark, Dominic A. Prade, Henri Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories London WC2A 3PX 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields United Kingdom Engineering Mathematics Department University of Bristol United Kingdom NASA Ames Research Cenler/Heer Associates Inc. Mail slop: 244-17 Moffell Field CA 94040 United States Experimental Knowledge Systems Laboratory Department of Computer and Information Science University of Massachusetts Amherst Mass 01004 United States Laboratoire Langages et Systèmes Informatiques Université Paul Sabatier 118 route de Narbonne 31062 TOULOUSE Cédex France Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields London WC2A 3PX United Kingdom Knowledge Systems Concepts Inc. Rome NY 13440 Italy MRC Biostatistics Unit Cambridge CB2 2BW United States IRIDIA Université Libre de Bruxelles 50 av. F. Roosevelt CP 194/6 1050 Bruxelles Belgium Computer Science Division University of California Berkeley CA 94720 United States

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ADAPTIVE BEAMFORMING WITH THE GENERALIZED SIDELOBE CANCELER IN THE PRESENCE OF ARRAY IMPERFECTIONS

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 1986年第8期34卷 996-1012页

作者： JABLON, NK Information Systems Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department University of Stanford Stanford CA USA Data Communications Research Department AT&T Information Systems Inc. Middletown NJ USA

Antenna designers often employ linearly constrained adaptive beamforming as an antijamming measure. With minimal a priori knowledge of the signal environment, this technique nulls out jammers while simultaneously preserving the quality of the main lobe so that a friendly look-direction signal can be received with unity gain. Unfortunately, in the absence of special strategies, linearly constrained adaptive beamforming is hypersensitive to array imperfections when the input signal-to-noise ratio exceeds a certain threshold. This hypersensitivity manifests itself as a nailing of the friendly signal as if it were a jammer. Luckily, the signal nulling problem can be easily remedied by artificial receiver noise injection. A particularly simple and general structure for linearly constrained adaptive beamforming was proposed during the 1970's, and is known as the generalized sidelobe canceller. A detailed analysis of the generalized sidelobe canceller in the presence of array imperfections is discussed, and two new artificial receiver noise injection algorithms are proposed. Computer simulations are included to demonstrate that use of these new algorithms alleviates the signal nailing problem without seriously compromising jammer nulling. For the special case of the Capon maximum-likelihood beamformer, simple approximations are presented for: 1) the Wiener output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio ( SINR_knowledge\astr ), 2) the antenna element error variance that causes a 3 dB loss of SINR_knowledge\astr from its value for an ideal array, and 3) the optimal artificial receiver noise that maximizes SINR_knowledge\astr .

关键词： Array signal processing Adaptive arrays Jamming Signal to noise ratio Noise cancellation Antenna measurements Algorithm design and analysis Computer simulation Receiving antennas Antenna arrays

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Dominic: A Domain-Independent Program for Mechanical engineering Design

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Artificial Intelligence in engineering 1986年第1期1卷 23-28页

作者： Howe, Adele E. Cohen, Paul R. Dixon, John R. Simmons, Melvin K. Department of Computer and Information Science University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst MA United States Knowledge Based Systems Branch Corporate Research and Development General Electric Company Schenectedy NY United States

We describe an Artificial Intelligence (AI) program for mechanical engineering design. The program, called Dominic, characterizes design as best-first search through a space of possible designs. Dominic is a general architecture for a class of mechanical engineering design problems;within its redesign framework, in which a design is iteratively modified and improved, one can design a variety of mechanical devices. Dominic's performance on two design problems is evaluated, and a battery of experiments with Dominic is discussed. © 1986.

关键词： knowledge-based systems mechanical engineering design

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COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS OF ADVANCED MARINE VEHICLES FOR EXPRESS SHIPPING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1983年第3期95卷 283-300页

作者： LUEDEKE, G FARNHAM, RB JR. George Luedeke Jr.: received his BS degree in Mechanical Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his MS degree in Product Design from Illinois Institute of Technology. Early in his career Mr. Luedeke joined General Motors Corporation as a designer responsible for development of people mover and rail rapid transit systems. From 1964 to 1974 he was with Hughes Aircraft Company. At Hughes he performed analyses and developed designs for a wide variety of program and proposal efforts such as: High Speed Ground Transportation (DOT) Task Force Command Center (NAVY) Panama Canal Marine Traffic Control Center (Panama Canal Co.) Royal Iranian Navy Command Center (Iran) Tactical Information Processing and Interpretation Center (Air Force) and WALLEYE CONDOR and PHOENIX Missile Systems (NAVY). He also had marketing development responsibilities related to the diversification of Hughes resources in civil business areas such as: Automatic train control (WMATA BARTD SCRTD) water/sewage treatment plant automation (Santa Clara County) Aqueduct Control (SWR) Hydrometeorological data collection (BPA WMO) and Salton Sea basin systems analysis (Dept. of the Interior). He was responsible for combat system integration for the Hughes 2000T Surface Effect Ship (SES) proposal. He also conducted detailed studies concerning ship flexure for the Improved Point Defense Target Acquisition System Program and for the definition of operational High Energy Laser weapon installations on a series of conventional monohulls (DLG DD and CVN). Since 1974 Mr. Luedeke has been employed at RMI Inc. (formerly Rohr Marine Inc.). During this time he has held several positions. His responsibilities have included directing a number of studies on advanced SES concepts managing activities defining mission/cost effectiveness of military and commercial SES's including defining the operational benefits and enhanced survivability characteristics of cargo SES's for high speed military sealiftfor NA TO and Southeast Asia

This paper will present the results of a marketing, engineering, and economic analysis of advanced marine vehicles done by IMA Resources, Inc. and RMI, Inc., in support of a Maritime Administration project to study “Multimode Express Shipping”. The study was conducted in 1981 and examined the economic benefits of using advanced marine vehicles as express cargo vessels in domestic and international service. Commodity characteristics, desirable express carrier rates, and potential high payoff service and route alternatives were identified. Advanced marine vehicles were surveyed and sized to meet desirable deadweight and block speed objectives. The costs of operating these craft on a variety of trade routes were calculated using an advanced marine vehicle economic analysis program. Revenues, expenses, break-even, profit and loss, cash flow requirements, tax summary and economic indicators (i.e., cost/ton – mile, etc.) were projected over the expected life of the vehicles as was return on investment. Traffic density and market penetration considerations narrowed the field of choice to smaller sized advanced marine vehicle carriers (i.e., 50 and 250 ton deadweight) and to three international and five domestic routes.

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