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Application of graph-curvature features in computer-aided diagnosis for histopathological image identification of gastric cancer

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 141-152页

作者： Ruilin He Chen Li Xinyi Yang Jinzhu Yang Tao Jiang Marcin Grzegorzek Hongzan Sun Microscopic Image and Medical Image Analysis Group College of Medicine and Biological Information EngineeringNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110016China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning 110016China School of Intelligent Medicine Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese MedicineChengduSichuan 610075China International Joint Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengduSichuan 610225China Institute for Medical Informatics University of LuebeckLuebeckGermany Department of Knowledge Engineering University of Economics in KatowiceKatowicePoland Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University ShenyangLiaoning 110136China

Background Histopathology diagnosis is often regarded as the final diagnostic method for malignant tumors;however,it has some *** study explored a computer-aided diagnostic method that can be used to identify benign and malignant gastric cancer using histopathological *** The most suitable process was selected through multiple experiments by comparing multiple meth-ods and features for ***,the U-net was applied to segment the ***,the nucleus was extracted from the segmented image,and the minimum spanning tree(MST)diagram structure that can cap-ture the topological information was *** third step was to extract the graph-curvature features of the histopathological image according to the MST ***,by inputting the graph-curvature features into the classifier,the recognition results for benign or malignant cancer can be *** During the experiment,we used various methods for *** the image segmentation stage,U-net,watershed algorithm,and Otsu threshold segmentation methods were *** found that the U-net method,combined with multiple indicators,was the most suitable for segmentation of histopathological *** the feature extraction stage,in addition to extracting graph-edge and graph-curvature features,several basic im-age features were extracted,including the red,green and blue feature,gray-level co-occurrence matrix feature,histogram of oriented gradient feature,and local binary pattern *** the classifier design stage,we exper-imented with various methods,such as support vector machine(SVM),random forest,artificial neural network,K nearest neighbors,VGG-16,and *** comparison and analysis,it was found that classifica-tion results with an accuracy of 98.57%can be obtained by inputting the graph-curvature feature into the SVM classifier.

关键词： Gastric cancer Graph-curvature feature Image identification

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Successful Integration of IoT and Blockchain Technologies Using Several Machine Learning Algorithms

Successful Integration of IoT and Blockchain Technologies Us...

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Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (IC2PCT), IEEE International Conference on

作者： C. Calarany M Indumathy P. Senthilraja D. Suganya V Gopi Vardhan Yelisetty Shanmukh Rahul Department of Computer Science Tagore Government Arts and Science College Puducherry India Department of Information Technology Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering & Technology Kirumampakkam India Department of Computer Science K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology Tamil Nadu India Department of Computer Science Rajiv Gandhi College of Engineering & technology Kirumampakkam Data science and business systems SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur India

Internet of Things (IoT) produces massive amounts of data that need to be processed and saved securely. The strong features of Blockchain makes it as a best candidate for storing the data received from IoT sensors. However, there is a need of concern to take care of the challenges associated with both IoT and blockchain paradigms. Firstly, the enormous amount of data should be effortlessly handled by Blockchain network, without adding much complexity. Secondly, the heterogeneous nature of data that are received from various IoT Sensors should be stored within the blockchain. In this paper, a conceptual framework based on Multimodal Machine Learning (MML) algorithm is proposed as an interface between the IoT sensors and Blockchain networks. The MML algorithm is used to understand the different modalities of the data and provides a way to manage the heterogeneity in that data. The MML algorithms provides an intelligent data processing that allows for real-time data storage in the blockchain networks. The conceptual frame assumes that audio, video, and text are the three types of data as received from IoT. These inputs are processed in simplistic Recurrent neural network RNN that acts as MML and then passed to Blockchain networks for secure storage. Simulation of the above said conceptual framework is performed assuming all other relevant requirements of IoT, MML and Blockchain are taken into account with default parameters and values. The results obtained provide a promising note for future scope in this direction.

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PAIL: Performance based Adversarial Imitation Learning Engine for Carbon Neutral Optimization

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ye, Yuyang Tang, Lu-An Wang, Haoyu Yu, Runlong Yu, Wenchao He, Erhu Chen, Haifeng Xiong, Hui Department of Management Science and Information Systems Rutgers Business School Rutgers University NewarkNJ United States Department of Data Science and System Security NEC Laboratories PrincetonNJ United States Department of Computer Science University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China

Achieving carbon neutrality within industrial operations has become increasingly imperative for sustainable development. It is both a significant challenge and a key opportunity for operational optimization in industry 4.0. In recent years, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) based methods offer promising enhancements for sequential optimization processes and can be used for reducing carbon emissions. However, existing DRL methods need a pre-defined reward function to assess the impact of each action on the final sustainable development goals (SDG). In many real applications, such a reward function cannot be given in advance. To address the problem, this study proposes a Performance based Adversarial Imitation Learning (PAIL) engine. It is a novel method to acquire optimal operational policies for carbon neutrality without any pre-defined action rewards. Specifically, PAIL employs a Transformer-based policy generator to encode historical information and predict following actions within a multi-dimensional space. The entire action sequence will be iteratively updated by an environmental simulator. Then PAIL uses a discriminator to minimize the discrepancy between generated sequences and real-world samples of high SDG. In parallel, a Q-learning framework based performance estimator is designed to estimate the impact of each action on SDG. Based on these estimations, PAIL refines generated policies with the rewards from both discriminator and performance estimator. PAIL is evaluated on multiple real-world application cases and datasets. The experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness of PAIL comparing to other state-of-the-art baselines. In addition, PAIL offers meaningful interpretability for the optimization in carbon neutrality. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Inverse problems

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A Routing Optimization in Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Reverse Elite Sparrow Search Algorithm

Journal of Network Intelligence

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Journal of Network Intelligence 2021年第4期6卷 763-775页

作者： Ning, Chun-Yuan Liao, Lyu-Chao Nguyen, Trong-The Huang, Kuan-Chun Pan, Jeng-Shyang Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou350118 China Multimedia Communications Lab University of Information Technology VNU-HCM Viet Nam Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan320314 Taiwan College of Computer Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology Qingdao266590 China

This study suggests a solution to the routing optimization insufficiency based on the reverse elite sparrow search algorithm (RESSA) for energy balancing and network lifetime prolonging in wireless sensor networks (WSN). The node’s consumption and the remaining energy priority to balance consumption in the data forwarding to the cluster head are considered the optimal path evaluation function. The obtained results of the experimental the suggested scheme are compared with the other methods show that the proposed scheme increases data forwarding round numbers and consumes less energy, the remaining energy more, and higher efficiency of node energy consumption. © The Authors.

关键词： Energy utilization

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Hybrid Approach of TabNet and Transformer-XGBoost for Predicting Traffic Flow in Smart Cities

Hybrid Approach of TabNet and Transformer-XGBoost for Predic...

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Smart and Sustainable Developments in Electrical engineering (SSDEE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Shreyas Rajendra Hole Vinothkumar Kolluru Shreekant Salotagi Yagnesh Challagundla Sudeep Mungara Mude Nagarjuna Naik Computer Science & Engineering (AI&ML) Dayananda Sagar University Bangalore India Department of data science Stevens Institute of technology Hoboken NJ U.S.A. Computer Science & Engineering Dayananda Sagar University Bangalore India Department of Computer science Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA Masters in Information Systems Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ U.S.A.

ISBN: (数字)9798331542108

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542115

A smart city's transportation system can be en-hanced if there is an accurate prediction of the traffic flow which develops in an area as time goes on. This article investigates the relative accuracy of predicting traffic flow at target intersections in a city, taking advantage of two models: Tab Net and a hybrid Transformer-XGBoost. Several metrics including Mean Squared Error (MSE) and Coefficient of determination (R2 score) among others were employed to evaluate the models employed. A sequential deep learning model known as Tab Net triumphing in the competition with MSE, RMSE, and MAE being 34.48, 5.87, and 3.73 respectively, and R2 score as high as 0.917, although performing well while enhancing identification of features such as year and junction. On the other hand, while reporting similar R2 score as low as 0.184, the Transformer-XGBoost hybrid model had structuring limitations where complex interdependencies and time variations were involved recording MSE, RMSE and MAE as 338.52, 18.40 and 13.24 respectively. The graphs of residuals and QQ plots served to uncover that the hybrid model failed making a right prediction during high traffic volume days, as general tabnet results shown in the final graphs are more stable. Following investigation of the models in this study, the researchers suggest implementing TabNet as a better option for traffic management explaining its high accuracy and providing valuable guidance for cities. This would result in improvement of the traffic flow prediction, which is highly needed for effective urban mobility solutions.

关键词： Measurement Hands Adaptation models Accuracy Smart cities Transportation Tail Predictive models Transformers Junctions

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Usage of Continuous Medical Monitoring in Human-Machine systems to Improve Their Reliability and Emergency Safety

Usage of Continuous Medical Monitoring in Human-Machine Syst...

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International Conference on Management of Large-Scale System Development (MLSD)

作者： Yaroslav Turovskiy Alexander Surovtsev Laboratory of Control Based on Incomplete Data V.A. Trapeznikov Institute of Control Science of RAS Moscow Russia Department of Digital Technologies Voronezh State University Voronezh Russia Department of Information and Control Systems Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies Voronezh Russia

A method of conducting continuous medical monitoring of human operators of human-machine systems is proposed. This method assumes building a decision support system that selects the control mode of the technological process. This paper has simulation modeling results of the technological process conditions changing from a potentially faulty state to a proper state.

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A Design of Hybrid Model and Bayesian Neural Networks for Smart Grid Stability Prediction

A Design of Hybrid Model and Bayesian Neural Networks for Sm...

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Smart and Sustainable Developments in Electrical engineering (SSDEE), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Shreyas Rajendra Hole Vinothkumar Kolluru Shreekant Salotagi Yagnesh Challagundla Sudeep Mungara Sriramkumar R Computer Science & Engineering AI & ML Dayananda Sagar University Bangalore India Department of data science Stevens Institute of technology Hoboken NJ U.S.A. Computer Science & Engineering Dayananda Sagar University Bagalore India Department of Computer science Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA Masters in Information Systems Stevens Institute of Technology Hoboken NJ U.S.A.

ISBN: (数字)9798331542108

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542115

The latest evolution in power systems, is ‘smart grids'that offers real time monitoring, control features as well as effective management of renewable energy sources. Nonetheless, with the increase in the system complexity, the chances for insta- bility also increase and thus it is crucial to forecast the stability accurately for the safety of the grid. Weather it is in terms of Gradient Boosting Tree Algorithm or any other traditional algorithm, these machine learning models are successful in achieving the objectives of the task but they lack a forthcoming metric to assist in high stake situations, uncertainty quantification. The paper is devoted to the analysis of the reliability of smart grid systems based on Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN) taking into account both the reliability of predictive modeling and forecasting uncertainty. The smart grid stability augmented dataset was used to benchmark the efficacy of using BNNs or BNNs combined hybrid models, one with XGBoost, for feature extraction and the other with LightGBM. The present study shows that the BNN used with the above mentioned smart grid system achieved an accuracy of 92% with precision of 0.89, recall of 0.91 and F1 of 0.90. These metrics are appending with the help of the additional features of BNN where they are capable of addressing the key questions around uncertainty and thus the metrics confirming the predictions are quite strong in terms of real-time grid stability evaluation. This article encapsulates a detailed study of BNN architecture, the role of uncertainty in machine learning models and the natural application of such models in the design of dependable and fault-tolerant smart grids.

关键词： Measurement Renewable energy sources Uncertainty Neural networks Power system stability Predictive models Stability analysis Real-time systems Smart grids Bayes methods

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Enhancing Efficiency in Vision Transformer Networks: Design Techniques and Insights

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Heidari, Moein Azad, Reza Kolahi, Sina Ghorbani Arimond, René Niggemeier, Leon Sulaiman, Alaa Bozorgpour, Afshin Aghdam, Ehsan Khodapanah Kazerouni, Amirhossein Hacihaliloglu, Ilker Merhof, Dorit School of Biomedical Engineering University of British Columbia BC Canada Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology RWTH Aachen University Aachen Germany Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran Faculty of Information Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Bangi Malaysia Faculty of Informatics and Data Science University of Regensburg Regensburg Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Department of Computer Science University of Toronto Toronto Canada Department of Radiology Department of Medicine University of British Columbia BC Canada Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS Bremen Germany

Intrigued by the inherent ability of the human visual system to identify salient regions in complex scenes, attention mechanisms have been seamlessly integrated into various Computer Vision (CV) tasks. Building upon this paradigm, Vision Transformer (ViT) networks exploit attention mechanisms for improved efficiency. This review navigates the landscape of redesigned attention mechanisms within ViTs, aiming to enhance their performance. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of techniques and insights for designing attention mechanisms, systematically reviewing recent literature in the field of CV. This survey begins with an introduction to the theoretical foundations and fundamental concepts underlying attention mechanisms. We then present a systematic taxonomy of various attention mechanisms within ViTs, employing redesigned approaches. Amulti-perspective categorization is proposed based on their application, objectives, and the type of attention applied. The analysis includes an exploration of the novelty, strengths, weaknesses, and an in-depth evaluation of the different proposed strategies. This culminates in the development of taxonomies that highlight key properties and contributions. Finally, we gather the reviewed studies along with their available open-source implementations at our *** aim to regularly update it with the most recent relevant papers. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Computer vision

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Adaptive Contextual Caching for Mobile Edge Large Language Model Service

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Guangyuan Liu, Yinqiu Wang, Jiacheng Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui College of Computing and Data Science The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore

Mobile edge Large Language Model (LLM) deployments face inherent constraints, such as limited computational resources and network bandwidth. Although Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates some challenges by integrating external knowledge bases, inefficient cache management can still result in high retrieval latency and frequent cache updates. To address these issues, we propose an Adaptive Contextual Caching (ACC) framework that anticipates user needs by proactively caching semantically relevant data for mobile-edge LLMs. ACC utilizes a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) module to refine cache replacement policies, balancing user context, document similarity, and the overhead associated with cache misses. Experimental results demonstrate that ACC increases cache hit rates to over 80% after only 11 training episodes, outperforming FIFO, LRU, and semantic-only caching while reducing retrieval latency by up to 40%. In particular, ACC also reduces local caching overhead (i.e., the cost of updating the cache when a miss occurs) by as much as 55%, enabling scalable, low-latency LLM services in resource-constrained edge environments. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

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RadonPy:automated physical property calculation using all-atom classical molecular dynamics simulations for polymer informatics

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 2155-2169页

作者： Yoshihiro Hayashi Junichiro Shiomi Junko Morikawa Ryo Yoshida The Institute of Statistical Mathematics(ISM) Research Organization of Information and Systems10-3 Midori-choTachikawaTokyo190-8562Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Tokyo7-3-1 HongoBunkyoTokyo113-8656Japan Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo2-11 YayoiBunkyo-kuTokyo113-0032Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology2-12-1 OokayamaMeguro-kuTokyo152-8552Japan Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System(MaDIS) National Institute for Materials Science(NIMS)1-2-1 SengenTsukubaIbaraki305-0047Japan Department of Statistical Science School of Multidisciplinary ScienceThe Graduate University of Advanced Studies(SOKENDAI)10-3 Midori-choTachikawaTokyo190-8562Japan

The spread of data-driven materials research has increased the need for systematically designed materials property ***,the development of polymer databases has lagged far behind other material *** present RadonPy,an open-source library that can automate the complete process of all-atom classical molecular dynamics(MD)simulations applicable to a wide variety of polymeric ***,15 different properties were calculated for more than 1000 amorphous *** MD-calculated properties were systematically compared with experimental data to validate the calculation conditions;the bias and variance in the MD-calculated properties were successfully calibrated by a machine learning *** the high-throughput data production,we identified eight amorphous polymers with extremely high thermal conductivity(>0.4 W∙m^(–1)∙K^(–1))and their underlying *** to the advancement of materials informatics since the advent of computational property databases for inorganic crystals,database construction using RadonPy will promote the development of polymer informatics.

关键词： property calculation dynamics

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