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Campaign: A Personalized Offloading, Semantic Communication, Latency-aware Resource Slicing and SFC Orchestration for SDN and NFV Empowered 6G Serverless Computing Network

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of computer science 2024年第10期51卷 1480-1515页

作者： Chowdhury, Mahfuzulhoq The Computer Science and Engineering Department Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chittagong4349 Bangladesh

Serverless computing has shifted cloud server management responsibilities away from end users and towards service providers. Serverless computing offers greater scalability, flexibility, ease of deployment, and cost-effective resource utilization. Previous serverless computing research excluded semantic communication, software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV)-enabled service function chaining (SFC) orchestration, and minimum latency-aware hybrid worker selection based on user and service provider-retained resource usage, federated learning (FL), and blockchain (BC) operations. To overcome these issues, this article proposes cognitive intelligence, personalized offloading, FL and BC-based semantic and nonsemantic serverless applications with user satisfaction, multiple benefits, minimum hybrid latency cost-aware resource slicing, physical, digital, and NFV worker selection, and an SFC orchestration policy for SDN and NFV-enabled 6G networks that leverage user and service provider retained resource usage. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme improves E2E delay by over 40%, user financial gain by 4%, user satisfaction by 8%, and throughput by 6% when compared to existing schemes. © (2024), (International Association of Engineers). All rights reserved.

关键词： Network function virtualization

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UNet Based onMulti-Object Segmentation and Convolution Neural Network for Object Recognition

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 1563-1580页

作者： Nouf Abdullah Almujally Bisma Riaz Chughtai Naif Al Mudawi Abdulwahab Alazeb Asaad Algarni Hamdan A.Alzahrani Jeongmin Park Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyNorthern Border UniversityRafha91911Saudi Arabia Information Technology Department College of Computing and InformaticsSaudi Electronic UniversityRiyadh13316Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do237Republic of Korea

The recent advancements in vision technology have had a significant impact on our ability to identify multiple objects and understand complex *** technologies,such as augmented reality-driven scene integration,robotic navigation,autonomous driving,and guided tour systems,heavily rely on this type of scene *** paper presents a novel segmentation approach based on the UNet network model,aimed at recognizing multiple objects within an *** methodology begins with the acquisition and preprocessing of the image,followed by segmentation using the fine-tuned UNet ***,we use an annotation tool to accurately label the segmented *** labeling,significant features are extracted from these segmented objects,encompassing KAZE(Accelerated Segmentation and Extraction)features,energy-based edge detection,frequency-based,and blob *** the classification stage,a convolution neural network(CNN)is *** comprehensive methodology demonstrates a robust framework for achieving accurate and efficient recognition of multiple objects in *** experimental results,which include complex object datasets like MSRC-v2 and PASCAL-VOC12,have been *** analyzing the experimental results,it was found that the PASCAL-VOC12 dataset achieved an accuracy rate of 95%,while the MSRC-v2 dataset achieved an accuracy of 89%.The evaluation performed on these diverse datasets highlights a notably impressive level of performance.

关键词： UNet segmentation blob fourier transform convolution neural network

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An Improved Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Routing on MANET

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computer Systems science & engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1187-1200页

作者： G.Rajeshkumar M.Vinoth Kumar K.Sailaja Kumar Surbhi Bhatia Arwa Mashat Pankaj Dadheech Department of Computer Science and Engineering Erode Sengunthar Engineering CollegePerunduraiErode638057Tamil NaduIndia Department of Information Science and Engineering Dayananda Sagar Academy of Technology and ManagementBangalore560082India Department of Master of Computer Applications M.S.Ramaiah Institute of TechnologyBangalore560054India Department of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyKing Faisal UniversityRiyadh11533Saudi Arabia Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityRabigh21911Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science and Engineering Swami Keshvanand Institute of TechnologyManagement&GramothanJaipur302017RajasthanIndia

A Mobile Ad hoc Network(MANET)is a group of low-power con-sumption of wireless mobile nodes that conﬁgure a wireless network without the assistance of any existing infrastructure/centralized *** primary aim of MANETs is to extendﬂexibility into the self-directed,mobile,and wireless domain,in which a cluster of autonomous nodes forms a MANET routing *** Intrusion Detection System(IDS)is a tool that examines a network for mal-icious behavior/policy violations.A network monitoring system is often used to report/gather any suspicious attacks/*** IDS is a software program or hardware system that monitors network/security trafﬁc for malicious attacks,sending out alerts whenever it detects malicious *** impact of Dynamic Source Routing(DSR)in MANETs challenging blackhole attack is investigated in this research *** Cluster Trust Adaptive Acknowledgement(CTAA)method is used to identify unauthorised and malfunctioning nodes in a MANET *** system is active and provides successful delivery of a data packet,which implements Kalman Filters(KF)to anticipate node ***,KF is used to eliminate synchronisation errors that arise during the sending and receiving *** order to provide an energy-efﬁcient solution and to minimize network trafﬁc,route optimization in MANET by using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization(MOPSO)technique to determine the optimal num-ber of clustered MANET along with energy dissipation in *** to the researchﬁndings,the proposed CTAA-MPSO achieves a Packet Delivery Ratio(PDR)of 3.3%.In MANET,the PDR of CTAA-MPSO improves CTAA-PSO by 3.5%at 30%malware.

关键词： MANET intrusion detection system cluster kalmanﬁlter dynamic source routing multi-objective particle swarm optimization packet delivery ratio

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Deep learning-based software engineering: progress,challenges, and opportunities

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 57-144页

作者： Xiangping CHEN Xing HU Yuan HUANG He JIANG Weixing JI Yanjie JIANG Yanyan JIANG Bo LIU Hui LIU Xiaochen LI Xiaoli LIAN Guozhu MENG Xin PENG Hailong SUN Lin SHI Bo WANG Chong WANG Jiayi WANG Tiantian WANG Jifeng XUAN Xin XIA Yibiao YANG Yixin YANG Li ZHANG Yuming ZHOU Lu ZHANG School of Journalism and Communication Sun Yat-sen University School of Software Technology Zhejiang University School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-sen University School of Software Dalian University of Technology School of Computer Science and Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (Peking University) Ministry of EducationSchool of Computer Science Peking University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Computer Science Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Complex & Critical Software Environment (CCSE) School of Software Beihang University School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology School of Computer Science Wuhan University Huawei Technologies

Researchers have recently achieved significant advances in deep learning techniques, which in turn has substantially advanced other research disciplines, such as natural language processing, image processing, speech recognition, and software engineering. Various deep learning techniques have been successfully employed to facilitate software engineering tasks, including code generation, software refactoring, and fault localization. Many studies have also been presented in top conferences and journals, demonstrating the applications of deep learning techniques in resolving various software engineering tasks. However,although several surveys have provided overall pictures of the application of deep learning techniques in software engineering,they focus more on learning techniques, that is, what kind of deep learning techniques are employed and how deep models are trained or fine-tuned for software engineering tasks. We still lack surveys explaining the advances of subareas in software engineering driven by deep learning techniques, as well as challenges and opportunities in each subarea. To this end, in this study, we present the first task-oriented survey on deep learning-based software engineering. It covers twelve major software engineering subareas significantly impacted by deep learning techniques. Such subareas spread out through the whole lifecycle of software development and maintenance, including requirements engineering, software development, testing, maintenance, and developer collaboration. As we believe that deep learning may provide an opportunity to revolutionize the whole discipline of software engineering, providing one survey covering as many subareas as possible in software engineering can help future research push forward the frontier of deep learning-based software engineering more systematically. For each of the selected subareas,we highlight the major advances achieved by applying deep learning techniques with pointers to the available datasets i

关键词： deep learning software engineering software benchmark software artifact representation survey

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Biosignal Contrastive Representation Learning for Emotion Recognition of Game Users

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IEEE Transactions on Games 2024年第2期17卷 1-15页

作者： Li, Rongyang Ding, Jianguo Ning, Huansheng School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing China Department of Computer Science Blekinge Institute of Technology Karlskrona Sweden

Biosignal representation learning (BRL) plays a crucial role in emotion recognition for game users (ERGU). Unsupervised BRL has garnered attention considering the difficulty in obtaining ground truth emotion labels from game users. However, unsupervised BRL in ERGU faces challenges, including overfitting caused by limited data and performance degradation due to unbalanced sample distributions. Faced with the above challenges, we propose a novel method of biosignal contrastive representation learning (BCRL) for ERGU, which not only serves as a unified representation learning approach applicable to various modalities of biosignals but also derives generalized biosignals representations suitable for different downstream tasks. Specifically, we solve the overfitting by introducing perturbations at the embedding layer based on the projected gradient descent (PGD) adversarial attacks and develop the sample balancing strategy (SBS) to mitigate the negative impact of the unbalanced sample on the performance. Further, we have conducted comprehensive validation experiments on the public dataset, yielding the following key observations: 1) BCRL outperforms all other methods, achieving average accuracies of 76.67%, 71.83%, and 63.58% in 1D-2C Valence, 1D-2C Arousal and 2D-4C Valence/Arousal, respectively;2) The ablation study shows that both the PGD module (+7.58% in accuracy on average) and the SBS module (+14.60% in accuracy on average) have a positive effect on the performance of different classifications;3) BCRL model exhibits the certain generalization ability across the different games, subjects and classifiers. IEEE

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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SuspAct: novel suspicious activity prediction based on deep learning in the real-time environment

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第34期36卷 21307-21320页

作者： Kansal, Sachin Jain, Akshat Kumar Biswas, Moyukh Bansal, Shaurya Mahindru, Namay Kansal, Priya Computer Science Engineering Department Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala India

In today’s evolving landscape of video surveillance, our study introduces SuspAct, an innovative ensemble model designed to detect suspicious activities in real time swiftly. Leveraging advanced Long-term Recurrent Convolutional Networks (LRCN), SuspAct represents a significant advancement in intelligent surveillance technology. By combining insights from various LRCN models through the Majority Voting ensemble technique, SuspAct enhances its overall robustness, outperforming traditional surveillance methods. Through rigorous experimentation on large-scale datasets, we demonstrate SuspAct’s superiority in proactive crime prevention, showcasing its potential to revolutionize security protocols and contribute substantially to public safety. Our work addresses the challenges posed by the escalating volume of video data and lays a strong foundation for future advancements in intelligent video surveillance technology. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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Quality Assessment of Selective Laser Melting Components Using Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements and Image Texture Analysis

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IEEE Access 2024年 12卷 71797-71807页

作者： Lin, Chun-Hui Lin, Cheng-Jian Wang, Shyh-Hau National Cheng Kung University Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tainan 701 Taiwan National Chin-Yi University of Technology Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taichung 411 Taiwan

Successful production of metallic selective laser melting components requires a quality assurance process that can effectively and nondestructively assess internal defects. Ultrasound testing has emerged as a valuable modality for defect identification as well as the characterization of microstructural and material properties. In this study, a comprehensive quality assessment approach was developed, leveraging quantitative ultrasound parameters, images, and image texture analysis. The evaluation focused on Inconel 718 selective laser melting components manufactured using diverse combinations of process parameters. The investigation involved examining the correlation between ultrasound parameters, image texture features, and the overall quality of the fabricated components. To validate the findings obtained through ultrasound testing, micro-computed tomography was employed. The experimental results provided evidence that the ultrasound parameters and image texture features successfully detected nonhomogeneous microstructures present within the selective laser melting components. Notably, the speed of sound and attenuation exhibited a positive correlation of 0.64 and 0.74, respectively, with porosity, indicating their potential as indicators of porosity. Furthermore, image texture features such as entropy, contrast, and homogeneity demonstrated high correlations (R2> 0.7 ) with the quality of the components. Consequently, these identified features hold promising potential for aiding in the selection of optimal process parameters and the prediction of porosity in future research. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： image texture analysis Quality assessment selective laser melting ultrasound testing

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Heart sound classification method using gammatonegram and SVM

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-37页

作者： Taneja, Kriti Arora, Vinay Verma, Karun Computer Science and Engineering Department Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala India

Today cardiovascular diseases have been posing a serious threat to human lives all over the world. Various automated decision-making systems have been proposed by the researchers to help cardiologists to diagnose heart health with more perfection, thus, reducing the frequency of fatalities. This research aims at classifying the Phonocardiogram (PCG) signals captured from the functioning of the cardiac system as normal or abnormal. The methodology proposed here has been validated using the benchmark dataset PhysioNet Computing in Cardiology (CinC) 2016. As of this writing, the studies carried out using contemporary techniques have so far been unable to generate pictorial representation from cardiac audio recordings that match the way the ear processes sound. The present research suggests a unique methodology for the detection of important events in an audio signal using a biologically-inspired depiction of the audio stream through a picture known as Gammatonegram which correlates to the processing of audio in the cochlea membrane of the inner human auditory system. In this study, texture-related features which include Linear Ternary Pattern (LTP), Local Directional Pattern (LDP), Geometric Local Textural Pattern (GLTP), and Local Phase Quantization (LPQ) have been extracted from a visual representation of PCG signal such as Spectrogram, Scalogram, Mel-spectrogram, and Gammatonegram. As compared to the case when researchers were employing other images, it has been noticed that the fusion of the features retrieved from the Gammatonegram has led to an increased overall classification performance metrics. The experiment yielded an overall accuracy of 94.00 % with precision and F1 scores of 91.77 and 93.61 respectively. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Heart

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Colored Edge Detection Using Thresholding Techniques

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Recent Advances in computer science and Communications 2023年第4期16卷 33-41页

作者： Fenyi, Adolf Fenyi, Isaac Asante, Michael Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: In this research, a novel algorithm is formulated through the combination of gradient and adaptive thresholding. A set of 5 X 5 convolution kernels were generated to determine the gradients in the four main directions of the image. Objectives: The researcher converted the gaussian equation into a normalized kernel, which was convolved with the gradients to suppress the impact of noise. Methods: The edges derived were partitioned into a set of 5 x 5 matrices. A weighted variance was calculated for each local window in the image. The pixel that generated the minimum variance was used for the segmentation process in each local window. The researcher then trimmed multiple pixel width edges into singles by developing a set of 5 X 5 Structuring Elements (SE). These elements were placed over the image to remove boundary pixels. In order to produce colored edges, the algorithm was executed over all the channels and the results were concatenated to produce the skeletal colored edges. Results: From the evaluations conducted, the proposed algorithm exhibited better performance than most of the recent algorithms with respect to Human Perception Clarity and time complexity in both noisy and non-uniform illuminated images. Conclusion: The reason for this performance is that it is able to extract edges moving in the various directions of images. It also ensures that identified edges are single pixel width instead of multiple. © 2023 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Pixels

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Finding broadcast 2-centers of a tree under the postal model

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Discrete Applied Mathematics 2024年 356卷 182-190页

作者： Tsou, Cheng-Hsiao Lin, Ching-Chi Hsu, Chan-Hung Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Engineering National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung20224 Taiwan

In this paper, we delve into the investigation of locating broadcast 2-centers of a tree T under the postal model. The problem asks to deploy two broadcast centers so that the maximum communication time from the centers to their corresponding vertices is minimized. The broadcast 2-center problem explored in this study is essentially an extension of the classical 2-center problem. To efficiently address this challenge, we employ the binary search method, which enables us to present a highly effective O(nlogn)-time algorithm for solving this problem. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Trees (mathematics)

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