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IEEE EMBS international Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine (ITAB)

作者： Shun-Cheng Chang Hsin-Pei Yu Yi-Hsien Hsieh Pochuang Wang Weichung Wang Tung-Hung Su Jia-Horng Kao Che Lin Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Institute of Applied Mathematical Sciences NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Internal Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine NTU Taipei Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program NTU Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798350351552

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351569

Deep learning has revolutionized medical imaging, offering advanced methods for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. The BCLC staging system is crucial for staging Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), a high-mortality cancer. An automated BCLC staging system could significantly enhance diagnosis and treatment planning efficiency. However, we found that BCLC staging, which is directly related to the size and number of liver tumors, aligns well with the principles of the Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) framework. To effectively achieve this, we proposed a new preprocessing technique called Masked Cropping and Padding(MCP), which addresses the variability in liver volumes and ensures consistent input sizes. This technique preserves the structural integrity of the liver, facilitating more effective learning. Furthermore, we introduced Re ViT, a novel hybrid model that integrates the local feature extraction capabilities of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with the global context modeling of Vision Transformers (ViTs). Re ViT leverages the strengths of both architectures within the MIL framework, enabling a robust and accurate approach for BCLC staging. We will further explore the trade-off between performance and interpretability by employing TopK Pooling strategies, as our model focuses on the most informative instances within each bag.

关键词： Visualization Accuracy Three-dimensional displays Liver Transformers Planning Convolutional neural networks Context modeling Biomedical imaging Tumors

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Manipulating Fano coupling in an opto-thermoelectric field

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Lin, Linhan Lepeshov, Sergey Krasnok, Alex Huang, Yu Jiang, Taizhi Peng, Xiaolei Korgel, Brian A. Alu, Andrea Zheng, Yuebing State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision Instrument Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering DTU Electro Technical University of Denmark Building 343 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University MiamiFL33174 United States School of Physics and Electronics Hunan University Changsha410082 China Mc Ketta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York NY10016 United States Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Fano resonances in photonics arise from the coupling and interference between two resonant modes in structures with broken symmetry. They feature an uneven and narrow and tunable lineshape, and are ideally suited for optical spectroscopy. Many Fano resonance structures have been suggested in nanophotonics over the last ten years, but reconfigurability and tailored design remain challenging. Herein, we propose an all-optical "pick-and-place" approach aimed at assemble Fano metamolecules of various geometries and compositions in a reconfigurable manner. We study their coupling behavior by in-situ dark-field scattering spectroscopy. Driven by a light-directed opto-thermoelectric field, silicon nanoparticles with high quality-factor Mie resonances (discrete states) and low-loss BaTiO3 nanoparticles (continuum states) are assembled into all-dielectric heterodimers, where distinct Fano resonances are observed. The Fano parameter can be adjusted by changing the resonant frequency of the discrete states or the light polarization. We also show tunable coupling strength and multiple Fano resonances by altering the number of continuum states and discrete states in dielectric heterooligomers. Our work offers a general design rule for Fano resonance and an all-optical platform for controlling Fano coupling on demand. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Light polarization

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Growing from Exploration: A self-exploring framework for robots based on foundation models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Shoujie Yu, Ran Wu, Tong Zhong, JunWen Zhang, Xiao-Ping Ding, Wenbo Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen518055 China Department of Physics and Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macau Avenida da Universidade Taipa 999078 China Department of Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering Ryerson University TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute Shenzhen518055 China

Intelligent robot is the ultimate goal in the robotics field. Existing works leverage learning-based or optimization-based methods to accomplish human-defined tasks. However, the challenge of enabling robots to explore various environments autonomously remains unresolved. In this work, we propose a framework named GExp, which enables robots to explore and learn autonomously without human intervention. To achieve this goal, we devise modules including self-exploration, knowledge-base-building, and close-loop feedback based on foundation models. Inspired by the way that infants interact with the world, GExp encourages robots to understand and explore the environment with a series of self-generated tasks. During the process of exploration, the robot will acquire skills from beneficial experiences that are useful in the future. GExp provides robots with the ability to solve complex tasks through self-exploration. GExp work is independent of prior interactive knowledge and human intervention, allowing it to adapt directly to different scenarios, unlike previous studies that provided in-context examples as few-shot learning. In addition, we propose a workflow of deploying the real-world robot system with self-learned skills as an embodied assistant. Project website: ***. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Intelligent robots

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CapSight: A Social Aid System for the Visually Impaired Using Facial Recognition and Haptic Feedback

CapSight: A Social Aid System for the Visually Impaired Usin...

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IEEE Global Conference on Consumer Electronics (GCCE)

作者： Chun-Nan Chi Jia-Lien Hsu Chi-Huang Hung Shih-Yung Huang Cheng-Hsuan Chen Chia-Hsun Hsu Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Fu Jen Catholic University New Taipei City Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Electrical Engineering National Central University Fu Jen Catholic University Taoyuan City Taiwan R.O.C. Dept. of Information Technology Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering Fu Jen Catholic University Lee-Ming Institute of Technology New Taipei City Taiwan R.O.C. Dept. of International High School Kang Chiao International School New Taipei City Taiwan R.O.C.

ISBN: (数字)9798350355079

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355086

This study introduces "CapSight," a system for enhancing social interaction in visually impaired individuals. It includes a single-board computer, camera, vibration motors, and Bluetooth bone conduction headphones on a baseball cap. The camera identifies people using facial recognition and announces names through the headphones, with vibration motors indicating face positions. Users can add new friends by taking a photo and recording their name. This system helps visually impaired individuals recognize and locate social partners, boosting confidence and independence.

关键词： Vibrations Headphones Electric potential Face recognition Speech recognition Motors Cameras Recording Haptic interfaces Sports

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Channel Estimation for Optical IRS-Assisted VLC System via Spatial Coherence

Channel Estimation for Optical IRS-Assisted VLC System via S...

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IEEE Conference on Global Communications (GLOBECOM)

作者： Shiyuan Sun Fang Yang Weidong Mei Jian Song Zhu Han Rui Zhang Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology (BNRist) Beijing P. R. China Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen P. R. China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu P. R. China Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen P. R. China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen) and Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (数字)9798350351255

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351262

Optical intelligent reflecting surface (OIRS) has been considered a promising technology for visible light communication (VLC) by constructing visual line-of-sight propagation paths to address the signal blockage issue. However, the existing works on OIRSs are mostly based on perfect channel state information (CSI), whose acquisition appears to be challenging due to the passive nature of the OIRS. To tackle this challenge, this paper proposes a customized channel estimation algorithm for OIRSs. Specifically, we first unveil the OIRS spatial coherence characteristics and derive the coherence distance in closed form. Based on this property, a spatial sampling-based algorithm is proposed to estimate the OIRS-reflected channel, by dividing the OIRS into multiple subarrays based on the coherence distance and sequentially estimating their associated CSI, followed by an interpolation to retrieve the full CSI. Simulation results validate the derived OIRS spatial coherence and demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed OIRS channel estimation algorithm.

关键词： Interpolation Visualization Simulation Optical propagation Channel estimation Spatial coherence Line-of-sight propagation Coherence Optical reflection Visible light communication

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Demonstration of a polarization-agnostic geometric phase in nonlocal metasurfaces

Demonstration of a polarization-agnostic geometric phase in ...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Adam C. Overvig Y. Kasahara Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York NY USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Physics Program Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York NY USA

We theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate nonlocal metasurfaces rationally designed using symmetry-breaking principles to manipulate the optical wavefront with a geometric phase selective to custom ellip... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Circular polarization Constructive interference Fano resonance Polarization Polarized light Thermal emission

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GraspAda: Deep Grasp Adaptation through Domain Transfer

GraspAda: Deep Grasp Adaptation through Domain Transfer

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IEEE international Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Yiting Chen Junnan Jiang Ruiqi Lei Yasemin Bekiroglu Fei Chen Miao Li Institute of Technological Sciences Wuhan University Wuhan China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen China Department of Electrical Engineering Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden Department of Computer Science University College London UK Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering T-Stone Robotics Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

Learning-based methods for robotic grasping have been shown to yield high performance. However, they rely on expensive-to-acquire and well-labeled datasets. In addition, how to generalize the learned grasping ability across different scenarios is still unsolved. In this paper, we present a novel grasp adaptation strategy to transfer the learned grasping ability to new domains based on visual data using a new grasp feature representation. We present a conditional generative model for visual data transformation. By leveraging the deep feature representational capacity from the well-trained grasp synthesis model, our approach utilizes feature-level contrastive representation learning and adopts adversarial learning on output space. This way we bridge the domain gap between the new domain and the training domain while keeping consistency during the adaptation process. Based on transformed input grasp data via the generator, our trained model can generalize to new domains without any fine-tuning. The proposed method is evaluated on benchmark datasets and based on real robot experiments. The results show that our approach leads to high performance in new scenarios.

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Pulsed Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy for Evaluating Treatment Efficacy: Initial Validation in Monitoring Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

Pulsed Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy for Evaluating Tre...

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international Conference on Infrared and Millimeter Waves

作者： Debamitra Chakraborty Bradley N. Mills Jing Cheng Ivan Komissarov Scott A. Gerber Roman Sobolewski Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Surgery University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA

Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly invasive malignancy with limited curative effectiveness. Here, we report the viability of using pulsed Terahertz (THz) time domain spectroscopy (THz TDS) to monitor the efficacy of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (SBRT) in treating PDAC in murine models. Our study shows that THz imaging can provide reliable and reproducible results to differentiate the changes in untreated and SBRT-treated PDAC tissue using THz refractive index and absorption coefficient as mapping parameters with statistical significance. Hence the study highlights that pulsed THz-TDS can be used as a technique to monitor tumor responses to immunotherapy, providing a comprehensive assessment of the tumor’s reaction to the treatment.

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Guiding Brain-to-Vocalization Decoder Design Using Structured Generalization Error 46

Guiding Brain-to-Vocalization Decoder Design Using Structure...

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46th Annual international Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Huang, Jingya Tostado-Marcos, Pablo Narasimha, Sowmya Manojna Patel, Aashish N. Arneodo, Ezequiel. M. Gentner, Timothy Q. Mishne, Gal Gilja, Vikash University of California San Diego Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering La Jolla CA92092 United States University of California San Diego Department of Bioengineering La Jolla CA92092 United States University of California San Diego Institute for Neural Computation La Jolla CA92092 United States University of California San Diego Neuroscience Graduate Program La Jolla CA92092 United States University of California San Diego Department of Physics La Jolla CA92092 United States University of California San Diego Department of Psychology La Jolla CA92092 United States University of California San Diego Halicioǧlu Data Science Institute La Jolla CA92092 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

State-of-the-art intracortical neuroprostheses currently enable communication at 60+ words per minute for anarthric individuals by training on over 10K sentences to account for phoneme variability in different word contexts. There is limited understanding about whether this performance can be maintained in decoding naturalistic speech with 40K+ word vocabularies across elicited, spontaneous, and conversational speech contexts. We introduce a vocal-unit-level generalization test to explicitly evaluate neural decoder performance with an expanded and more diverse behavioral repertoire. Tested on neural decoders modeling zebra finch vocalization, an analog to human vocal production, we compare three decoders with different input types: spike trains, neural factors, and firing rates. The factors and rates are latent neural features inferred using trained Latent Factor Analysis via Dynamical Systems (LFADS) models that capture the population neural dynamics during vocal production. While the conventional random holdout generalization error measure is similar for all three decoders, factor- and rate-based decoders outperform spike-based decoders when testing vocal-unit-holdout generalization error. These results suggest the later models better adapt to flexible vocalization inference when trained with partial observation of data variation, motivating further exploration of decoders incorporating latent neural and vocalization dynamics. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Errors

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High Spatial Resolution Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging of Murine Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Tissues

High Spatial Resolution Terahertz Time-Domain Imaging of Mur...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Debamitra Chakraborty Bradley N. Mills Jing Cheng Ivan Komissarov Scott Gerber Roman Sobolewski Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York USA Department of Surgery University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York USA

We developed a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system to generate high-resolution 2-dimensional images of paraffin-embedded murine pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma tissues using the refractive index and absorption ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Absorption coefficient Biological imaging Refractive index Spatial resolution Terahertz spectroscopy Tissue

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