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IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2025年第1期22卷 203-215页

作者： Ruijie Li Qiao Ning Yaomiao Zhao Shikai Guo Hui Li Department of Information Science and Technology Dalian Maritime University Dalian China DUT Artificial Intelligence Institute Dalian China Dalian Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Dalian China School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Jiangnan University Wuxi China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China School of Computer Science and Engineering Northeastern University Shenyang China

In recent years, microRNA (miRNA) has been recognized as crucial in the progression of human diseases. However, existing computational methods for identifying miRNA-disease associations often overlook the rich association information contained in specific long-distance pathways and lack effective exploration of potential associations. In this study, we propose a biologically interpretable “similarity-association-similarity” metapath and heterogeneous-hyper network (HeteroHyperNet) learning approach for miRNA-disease association prediction (MHMDA). In MHMDA, a “similarity-association-similarity” multi-hop metapaths learning method based on hierarchical attention perception is proposed to explore specific long-distance associated pathway information connecting potentially associated miRNAs and diseases. In addition, a HeteroHyperNet learning approach integrating heterogeneous network and hyper network is designed to progressively learn direct association information and potential association information between miRNA and disease. The “similarity-association-similarity” metapath with hierarchical attention significantly enhances the learning of long-distance biological associations, while the HeteroHyperNet comprehensively learns the known and potential associations of miRNA-disease, greatly improving the richness and accuracy of information. A large number of experimental results show that MHMDA has demonstrated excellent performance in the prediction of miRNA-disease association. In addition, cross independent dataset experiment and cold start experiment on miRNA and disease prove the effectiveness of MHMDA on sparse association points, and its stability and reliability in predicting potential miRNA-disease association are further confirmed.

关键词： Diseases Predictive models Autoencoders Feature extraction Biological system modeling Bioinformatics Kernel Computational biology Heterogeneous networks Accuracy

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Don’t Confuse! Redrawing GUI Navigation Flow in Mobile Apps for Visually Impaired Users

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Mengxi Liu, Huaxiao Zhou, Yuheng Chen, Chunyang Huang, Pei Zhao, Jian College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China Department of Computer Science Technical University of Munich Weipertstr.8-10 Heilbronn74076 Germany Department of Computer Science Stanford University California9025 United States Department of Computer Science Changchun University Changchun1340012 China

Mobile applications (apps) are integral to our daily lives, offering diverse services and functionalities. They enable sighted users to access information coherently in an extremely convenient manner. However, it remains unclear if visually impaired users, who rely solely on the screen readers (e.g., Talkback) to navigate and access app information, can do so in the correct and reasonable order. This may result in significant information bias and operational errors. Furthermore, in our preliminary exploration, we explained and clarified that the navigation sequence-related issues encountered by visually impaired users could be categorized into two types: unintuitive navigation sequence and unapparent focus switching. Considering these issues, in this work, we proposed a method named RGNF (Re-draw GUI Navigation Flow). It aimed to enhance the understandability and coherence of accessing the content of each component within the Graphical User Interface (GUI), together with assisting developers in creating well-designed GUI navigation flow (GNF). This method was inspired by the characteristics identified in our preliminary study, where visually impaired users expected navigation to be associated with close position and similar shape of GUI components that were read consecutively. Thus, our method relied on the principles derived from the Gestalt psychological model, aiming to group GUI components into different regions according to the laws of proximity and similarity, thereby redrawing the GNFs. To evaluate the effectiveness of our method, we calculated sequence similarity values before and after redrawing the GNF, and further employed the tools proposed by Alotaibi et al. to measure the reachability of GUI components. Our results demonstrated a substantial improvement in similarity (0.921) compared to the baseline (0.624), together with the reachability (90.31%) compared to the baseline GNF (74.35%). Furthermore, a qualitative user study revealed that our method had

关键词： Graphical user interfaces

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Are Your Apps Accessible? A GCN-based Accessibility Checker for Low Vision Users

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhang, Mengxi Liu, Huaxiao Song, Shenning Chen, Chunyang Huang, Pei Zhao, Jian College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China Department of Computer Science Technical University of Munich Heilbronn85354 Germany Department of Computer Science Stanford University CA94305 United States College of Computer Science Changchun University Jilin Changchun130012 China

Context: Accessibility issues (e.g., small size and narrow interval) in mobile applications (apps) lead to obstacles for billions of low vision users in interacting with Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). Although GUI accessibility scanning tools exist, most of them perform rule-based check relying on complex GUI hierarchies. This might make them detect invisible redundant information, cannot handle small deviations, omit similar components, and is hard to extend. Objective: In this paper, we propose a novel approach, named ALVIN (Accessibility Checker for Low Vision), which represents the GUI as a graph and adopts the Graph Convolutional Neural Networks (GCN) to label inaccessible components. Method: ALVIN removes invisible views to prevent detecting redundancy and uses annotations from low vision users to handle small deviations. Also, the GCN model could consider the relations between GUI components, connecting similar components and reducing the possibility of omission. ALVIN only requires users to annotate the relevant dataset when detecting new kinds of issues. Results: Our experiments on 48 apps demonstrate the effectiveness of ALVIN, with precision of 83.5%, recall of 78.9%, and F1-score of 81.2%, outperforming baseline methods. In RQ2, the usefulness is verified through 20 issues submitted to open-source apps. The RQ3 also illustrates the GCN model is better than other models. Conclusion: To summarize, our proposed approach can effectively detect accessibility issues in GUIs for low vision users, thereby guiding developers in fixing them efficiently. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Improving Multi-Factor Authentication Security with Deep Learning-Based User Behaviour Analysis

Improving Multi-Factor Authentication Security with Deep Lea...

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Integrated Circuits and Communication Systems (ICICACS), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Fahad Sulaiman Mohammed Alnafea Alok Singh Sengar Noor Kaylan Hamid Kuttimarks Muthu Selladurai Sharmeen Izzat Hassan R Saravanakumar Department of Accounting College of Business and Economics in Qassim University Buraida Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science & Engineering Haridwar University Roorkee India Department of Computer Education Al Kitab University Kirkuk Iraq Shivajirao S. Jondhle College of Engineering and Technology Asangaon India Department of Computer Engineering College of Engineering Knowledge University Erbil Iraq Department of ECE Saveetha School of Engineering Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Saveetha University Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9798331508456

ISBN: (纸本)9798331508463

With growing frequency and sophistication of cyber threats, there is an urgent need for more adaptive, secure multi-factor authentication systems. Traditional approaches often tend to make static factor-based authentication systems that just ignore the dynamic nature of user behavior and are constantly at risk from evolved attacks against authentication mechanisms. This paper presents a novel hybrid deep learning approach - that of long short-term memory networks and convolutional neural networks combined in an attempt to address these disadvantages and enhance the security of an MFA system. The approach uses LSTM to analyze sequential data on user behavior, hence recognizing long-term dependencies like login pattern and session durations. On the other hand, CNN layers will classify the attribute by learning the spatial hierarchy thus identifying small variations that can mark emerging threats to security. This method, in contrast to others, analyzes statically or all at once, providing a dynamic check into the temporal as well as spatial aspects of user interactions; thus, there is more force in its frame for anomaly detection. Experimental tests further verify the excellent performance of the system, with results indicating an accuracy of 98.2%, precision of 99.9%, recall of 99.5%, and an F1 score of 99%. The new strategy exploits MFA frameworks more effectively in minimizing their vulnerabilities against authentication attacks, while developing a dynamic and robust solution that caters to the shift in the ever-changing landscape within cybersecurity, thus advancing the possibility of practice securely.

关键词： Deep learning Hands Multi-factor authentication Accuracy Neural networks Reflection Pattern recognition Convolutional neural networks Integrated circuit modeling Long short term memory

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SwimVG: Step-wise Multimodal Fusion and Adaption for Visual Grounding

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Shi, Liangtao Liu, Ting Hu, Xiantao Hu, Yue Yin, Quanjun Hong, Richang Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China Ministry of Education and School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China School of systems engineering National University of Defense Technology Hunan Province Changsha410073 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210014 China

Visual grounding aims to ground an image region through natural language, which heavily relies on cross-modal alignment. Most existing methods transfer visual/linguistic knowledge separately by fully fine-tuning uni-modal pre-trained models, followed by a simple stack of visual-language transformers for multimodal fusion. However, these approaches not only limit adequate interaction between visual and linguistic contexts, but also incur significant computational costs. Therefore, to address these issues, we explore a step-wise multimodal fusion and adaption framework, namely SwimVG. Specifically, SwimVG proposes step-wise multimodal prompts (Swip) and cross-modal interactive adapters (CIA) for visual grounding, replacing the cumbersome transformer stacks for multimodal fusion. Swip can improve the alignment between the vision and language representations step by step, in a token-level fusion manner. In addition, weight-level CIA further promotes multimodal fusion by cross-modal interaction. Swip and CIA are both parameter-efficient paradigms, and they fuse the cross-modal features from shallow to deep layers gradually. Experimental results on four widely-used benchmarks demonstrate that SwimVG achieves remarkable abilities and considerable benefits in terms of efficiency. Our code is available at https://***/liuting20/SwimVG. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visual languages

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CovKG: A Covid-19 knowledge Graph for enabling multidimensional analytics on Covid-19 epidemiological data considering spatiotemporal, environmental, health, and socioeconomic aspects

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International Journal of Information Management Data Insights 2025年第1期5卷

作者： Deb Nath, Rudra Pratap Raihan, S.M. Shafkat Das, Tonmoy Chandro Pedersen, Torben Bach Ghose, Debasish Big Data Information and Knowledge Engineering Lab Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Chittagong Chattogram 4331 Bangladesh Department of Computer Science Aalborg University Aalborg 9220 Denmark School of Economics Innovation and Technology Kristiania University College State Three Bergen 0153 Norway

The Covid-19 pandemic is influenced by many environmental, health, and socioeconomic aspects such as air pollution, comorbidity, occupation, etc. To better manage future pandemics, decision-makers need comprehensive data on Covid-19 mortality and morbidity. Most Covid-19 data sources focus on spatiotemporal aspects, and existing research often overlook the combined impact of multiple interconnected factors. This study introduces a Covid-19 knowledge Graph (CovKG) derived from 20 data sources, enabling multidimensional analysis of epidemiological data, including time, location, temperature, comorbidity, occupation, and others. CovKG is modeled using RDF, connected to 10,951 external resources, and semantically enriched with Data Cube (QB) and QB for OLAP (QB4OLAP) vocabularies to adhere to the FAIR principles and ensure OLAP compatibility. Finally, we perform a qualitative and comparative evaluation and extract statistical insights across multiple dimensions of Covid-19 epidemiology. When assessed, CovKG answers 100% of competency queries, outperforming other data stores that only answer 39%. CovKG and its analytical interface are available at https://***/datasets/CovKG/. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Covid-19 FAIR principles knowledge Graph Linked data Multidimensional analysis Semantic technology

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Aerial Reliable Collaborative Communications for Terrestrial Mobile Users via Evolutionary Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年

作者： Sun, Geng Xiao, Jian Li, Jiahui Wang, Jiacheng Kang, Jiawen Niyato, Dusit Mao, Shiwen the College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China the College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore the School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore the School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510641 China the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States

—Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as the potential aerial base stations (BSs) to improve terrestrial communications. However, the limited onboard energy and antenna power of a UAV restrict its communication range and transmission capability. To address these limitations, this work employs collaborative beamforming through a UAV-enabled virtual antenna array to improve transmission performance from the UAV to terrestrial mobile users, under interference from non-associated BSs and dynamic channel conditions. Specifically, we introduce a memory-based random walk model to more accurately depict the mobility patterns of terrestrial mobile users. Following this, we formulate a multi-objective optimization problem (MOP) focused on maximizing the transmission rate while minimizing the flight energy consumption of the UAV swarm. Given the NP-hard nature of the formulated MOP and the highly dynamic environment, we transform this problem into a multi-objective Markov decision process and propose an improved evolutionary multi-objective reinforcement learning algorithm. Specifically, this algorithm introduces an evolutionary learning approach to obtain the approximate Pareto set for the formulated MOP. Moreover, the algorithm incorporates a long short-term memory network and hyper-sphere-based task selection method to discern the movement patterns of terrestrial mobile users and improve the diversity of the obtained Pareto set. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively generates a diverse range of non-dominated policies and outperforms existing methods. Additional simulations demonstrate the scalability and robustness of the proposed CB-based method under different system parameters and various unexpected circumstances. © 2025 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. All rights reserved.

关键词： Markov processes

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Dual-Network Cross-Learning for Metabolite-Disease Association Prediction

IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatic...

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IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2025年第2期22卷 545-556页

作者： Yanxin Chen Qiao Ning Yitong Zhang Hui Li Shikai Guo Department of Information Science and Technology Dalian Maritime University Dalian China School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Jiangnan University Wuxi China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China Dalian Key Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence Dalian China

In recent years, increasing evidence has demonstrated a close association between metabolites and various complex human diseases, providing valuable insights for disease diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Although deep learning-based approaches have achieved certain success in predicting metabolic disease associations, challenges remain in enriching graph information and effectively integrating metabolic and disease features. To address these issues, this paper proposes a model named DCMDA, which extracts deep features of both metabolites and diseases using Dual-network Cross-learning for Metabolite- Disease Association prediction. DCMDA consists of three parts. The data processing module integrates similarity networks with association networks to construct a heterogeneous network. The feature extraction module extracts features from the metabolite-disease association network based on the non-negative matrix factorization method and from the heterogeneous network using graph autoencoder techniques. The feature fusion module combines the association matrix feature with the heterogeneous network feature through a Cross-Attention mechanism, thereby obtaining deep representations of metabolites and diseases. These features are then used to train the model to predict association scores between metabolites and diseases. Experimental results demonstrate that in 5-fold cross-validation, DCMDA achieves an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 97.8% and an area under the precision-recall curve (AUPR) of 97.9%, outperforming state-of-the-art prediction methods.

关键词： Diseases Feature extraction Data mining Semantics Deep learning Kernel Information entropy Prediction algorithms Noise Nearest neighbor methods

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Enhancing security in IIoT: RFID authentication protocol for edge computing and blockchain-enabled supply chain

Cyber Security and Applications

引用

Cyber Security and Applications 2025年 3卷

作者： Kumar, Vikash Das, Santosh Kumar Government Engineering College Nawada Bihar 805110 India Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sarala Birla University Mahilong Ranchi Birla Knowledge City Jharkhand Purulia Road 835103 India

This paper addresses security challenges, especially in the authentication mechanism of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)-enabled supply chain systems by proposing an enhanced Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) authentication protocol. The current system faces significant security risks due to increased connectivity and data exchange within supply chain networks. The proposed protocol integrates edge computing and blockchain to ensure secure, efficient mutual authentication between RFID tags and supply chain nodes. By utilizing the real-time processing capabilities of edge computing and the decentralization and immutability of blockchain, the protocol enhances the security of data transmitted in the system. The proposed protocol utilizes lightweight cryptographic functions optimized for resource-constrained edge devices, ensuring secure authentication and data transmission without compromising scalability or efficiency. Permissioned blockchain technology further strengthens trust and transparency in the supply chain by providing a decentralized, tamper-resistant ledger. The protocol employs cryptographic techniques such as a cryptographically secure one-way hash function, random number generation function, and circular shift operations to ensure data integrity and confidentiality, achieving mutual authentication, forward secrecy, and resistance to cryptographic attacks. Formal security analysis of the proposed authentication protocol is performed using the Real-Or-Random (ROR) model. The results demonstrate that the protocol offers superior trade-offs in term of security, computational cost, and communication efficiency compared to existing authentication protocols in this field. Simulation of the protocol is performed using Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tools. Its lightweight design makes it suitable for real-world application in resource-constrained IIoT environments. © 2025

关键词： Blockchain Edge computing Industrial internet of things security Mutual authentication Radio frequency identification Supply chain

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Counterfactual Inference for Generalized Zero-Shot Compound-Fault Diagnosis

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IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 2025年 74卷

作者： Xu, Juan Kong, Hui Ding, Xu Yuan, Xiaohui Hefei University of Technology Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering With Big Data Ministry of Education School of Computer and Information Hefei230601 China University of North Texas Department of Computer Science and Engineering DentonTX76205 United States

Learning a model heavily depends on the training examples, which are sometimes difficult to obtain if not impossible. This a typically true for fault diagnosis in machinery, particularly for compound faults. The counterfactual inference reveals the causal components inherent in the fault data in an interpretable manner, divulging critical causes from the observable phenomena. This article proposes a method to address the imbalance and interpretability issues of generalized zero-shot learning (GZSL) methods for compound-fault diagnosis using counterfactual inference. Our method uses a structural causal model (SCM) to decouple and generate fault features, which enhances the capabilities of the variational autoencoder and generative adversarial network (VAE-GAN) through a strengthened discriminator, and reveals the intrinsic causal components in fault data, distinguishing key fault causes from accompanying phenomena. This enables the classification of both single and compound faults by learning from examples of single faults, easing the dependence on the examples of compound faults. Extensive experimental results show that our method, trained solely with single-fault samples, achieves a harmonic average of 87.40% accuracy for both single and compound faults, outperforming existing state-of-the-art methods. This significantly improves both the accuracy and interpretability of compound-fault diagnosis. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-shot learning

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