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Joint Frame Drop and Object Detection Task Offloading for Mobile Devices via RL With Lyapunov Optimization

IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 2025年第7期24卷 6168-6182页

作者： Sohn, Vaughn Kim, Suhwan Lee, Hyang-Won Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Department of Electrical Engineering Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of Konkuk University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul05029 Korea Republic of

Object detection has become an increasingly important application for mobile devices. However, state-of-the-art object detection relies heavily on deep neural network, which is often burdensome to compute on mobile devices. To this end, we develop a layering framework for joint video frame drop and object detection task offloading. In the lower layer, by invoking Lyapunov optimization, we devise an algorithm for partitioning and offloading the computation tasks of deep neural networks. This algorithm also specifies the flow control for admitting the application traffic into the network. In the upper layer, we use the flow control as a form of guidance in the action space in order to develop a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm that selectively drops video frames with object detection performance in consideration. By the nature of design, this Lyapunov-guided RL guarantees the network stability. We show through simulations that our Lyapunov-guided RL drops video frames with reasonable object detection performance and reduced latency while keeping the network stable. We also implemented our algorithm on the remote-controlled (RC) car equipped with microprocessor and GPU, and demonstrate the applicability of our algorithm to real-time object detection tasks from the video stream generated as the RC car moves. © 2002-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Additive manufacturing of flexible 3D surface electrodes for electrostatic adhesion control and smart robotic gripping

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Friction 2023年第11期11卷 1974-1986页

作者： Dong Geun KIM Hyeongmin JE AJohn HART Sanha KIM Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA

Mechanically flexible surface structures with embedded conductive electrodes are attractive in contact-based devices,such as those used in reversible dry/adhesion and tactile *** shapes of the surface structures strongly determine the contact behavior and therefore the resulting adhesion and sensing functionalities;however,available features are often restricted by fabrication ***,we additively manufacture elastomeric structure arrays with diverse angles,shapes,and sizes;this is followed by integration of conductive nanowire *** fabricated flexible three-dimensional(3D)surface electrodes are mechanically compliant and electrically conductive,providing multifunctional ability to sense touch and to switch adhesion via a combined effect of shear-and electro *** designed soft,anisotropic flexible structures to mimic the gecko’s reversible adhesion,which is governed by van der Waals forces;we integrated nanowires to further manipulate the localized electric field among the adjacent flexible 3D surface electrodes to provide additional means to digitally tune the electrostatic attraction at the contact *** addition,the composite surface can sense the contact force via capacitive *** our flexible 3D surface electrodes,we demonstrate a complete soft gripper that can grasp diverse convex objects,including metal,ceramic,and plastic products,as well as fresh fruits,and that exhibits 72%greater electroadhesive gripping force when voltage is applied.

关键词： electroadhesion tactile sensing robotic gripper additive manufacturing dry adhesive

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Highly-efficient(>70%)and Wide-spectral(400-1700 nm)sub-micron-thick InGaAs photodiodes for future high-resolution image sensors

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Light(science & Applications) 2024年第12期13卷 3224-3235页

作者： Dae-Myeong Geum Jinha Lim Junho Jang Seungyeop Ahn SeongKwang Kim Joonsup Shim Bong Ho Kim Juhyuk Park Woo Jin Baek Jaeyong Jeong SangHyeon Kim School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea

This paper demonstrates the novel approach of sub-micron-thick InGaAs broadband photodetectors(PDs)designed for high-resolution imaging from the visible to short-wavelength infrared(SWIR)*** approaches encounter challenges such as low resolution and crosstalk issues caused by a thick absorption layer(AL).Therefore,we propose a guided-mode resonance(GMR)structure to enhance the quantum efficiency(QE)of the InGaAs PDs in the SWIR region with only sub-micron-thick *** TiOx/Au-based GMR structure compensates for the reduced AL thickness,achieving a remarkably high QE(>70%)from 400 to 1700 nm with only a 0.98μm AL InGaAs PD(defined as 1μm AL PD).This represents a reduction in thickness by at least 2.5 times compared to previous results while maintaining a high ***,the rapid transit time is highly expected to result in decreased electrical *** effectiveness of the GMR structure is evident in its ability to sustain QE even with a reduced AL thickness,simultaneously enhancing the transit *** breakthrough offers a viable solution for high-resolution and low-noise broadband image sensors.

关键词： thick resolution image

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Restructuring the cell network of non-equiatomic CoCrFeNiMoC medium-entropy alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第11期214卷 143-152页

作者： Hyeonseok Kwon Eun Seong Kim Yoon-Uk Heo Jungho Choe Rae Eon Kim Soung Yeoul Ahn Sang-Ho Oh Jeong Min Park Byeong-Joo Lee Hyoung Seop Kim Center for Advanced Aerospace Materials Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous & Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Department of 3D Printing Materials Korea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS)Changwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of 3D Printing Materials Korea Institute of Materials Science(KIMS)Changwon 51508Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Future Convergence Materials Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous & Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan

Metal additive manufacturing(MAM)enables near-net shape production of components with minimized waste and excellent mechanical performance based on multi-scale microstructural ***-cially,the dislocation cell network that often bears elemental segregation or precipitation of a secondary phase contributes to enhancing the strength of additively manufactured *** cell boundaries can also act as active nucleation sites for the formation of precipitates under post-MAM heat treatment,as the chemical heterogeneity and profuse dislocations generate a driving force for *** this work,we subjected a Co18Cr15Fe50Ni10Mo6.5C0.5(at％)medium-entropy alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)to post-LPBF annealing at 900 ℃ for 10 *** investigation revealed that the cell boundaries of the as-built sample,which were decorated by Mo segregation,are replaced byμ phase and M6C type carbide precipitates during annealing while the grain structure and size remain unaffected,indicating that the post-LPBF annealing delivered the proper amount of heat input to alter only the cell *** yield strength slightly decreased with annealing due to a reduction in the strengthening effect by the cell boundaries despite an increased precipitation strengthening ***-ever,the post-LPBF annealing improved the strain hardenability and the ultimate tensile strength was enhanced from～1.02 to～1.15 GPa owing to reinforced back stress hardening by the increased disloca-tion pile-up at the *** results suggest that the cell structure with chemical heterogeneity can be successfully controlled by careful post-MAM heat treatment to tailor the mechanical performance,while also providing insight into alloy design for additive manufacturing.

关键词： Laser powder bed fusion Medium-entropy alloy Cell structure Strain hardening Precipitation Back stress hardening

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Enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of aluminum nitride ceramics through controlled whisker alignment: A comparative study of unidirectional and bidirectional configurations

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Ceramics International 2025年第16期51卷 22368-22376页

作者： Seo, Yewon Ahn, Byeongho Jeong, Hyeondeok Nahm, Sahn Ryu, Sung-Soo Engineering Materials Center Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology Icheon17303 Korea Republic of Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Institute of Advanced Composite Materials Korea Institute of Science and Technology Wanju55324 Korea Republic of

This study investigates the effects of aluminum nitride (AlN) whisker alignment on the thermal and mechanical properties of AlN ceramics fabricated through tape casting. By systematically comparing unidirectional (UNI) and bidirectional (BI) whisker arrangements, we examine how alignment configurations influence microstructural development and resulting properties. Bidirectionally aligned specimens achieved the highest thermal conductivity (200Wm−1K−1, 30% increase) through three-dimensional networks of AlN whiskers. In contrast, unidirectionally aligned specimens exhibited superior mechanical performance with a 35% increase in fracture toughness (4.9MPam0.5) through multiple toughening mechanisms enabled by bundles of closely-spaced whiskers. The enhanced properties stem from controlled anisotropic shrinkage during sintering, which creates optimized whisker spacing and orientation. Detailed microstructural analysis reveals distinct toughening mechanisms including crack deflection, branching, and grain bridging in UNI specimens, while BI specimens benefit from interconnected thermal pathways. This study demonstrates that controlled whisker alignment offers an effective approach to tailoring the thermal and mechanical properties of AlN substrates. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.

关键词： Aluminum nitride

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Unassisted overall water splitting with a solar-to-hydrogen efficiency of over 10% by coupled lead halide perovskite photoelectrodes

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Carbon Energy 2023年第1期5卷 134-143页

作者： Ryan Rhee Tae G.Kim Gyu Y.Jang Gwangmin Bae Jung H.Lee Sunje Lee Sungsoon Kim Seokwoo Jeon Jong H.Park Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury(KINC)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea

Hydrogen is a promising future sustainable fuel candidate with boundless *** into photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting based on a lead halide perovskite(LHP)has progressed significantly with the aim of more efficient solar hydrogen ***,we unite a well-known photo-absorbing LHP with cost-effective water-splitting catalysts,and we introduce two types of monolithic LHP-based PEC devices that act as a photocathode and a photoanode for the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction,leading to efficient unbiased overall water *** the integration of these two monolithic LHP-based photoelectrodes,an unbiased solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 10.64%and a photocurrent density of 8.65 mA cm^(−2) are achieved.

关键词： perovskite photoelectrochemical cell photoelectrode unassisted

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Entry Trajectory Generation Using Reference Drag Acceleration and Range-based Parameter Design Method

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Journal of institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 2024年第12期30卷 1347-1359页

作者： Bang, Seong-Min Shin, Minjae Kim, Tae-Hun Lee, Chang-Hun Choi, Hyung-Sik Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering Korea Aerospace University Korea Republic of Department of Aerospace Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Korea Republic of Korea Aerospace Research Institute Korea Republic of

This paper describes a new methodology for determining design parameters based on drag acceleration profile equations used in space shuttles during reentry. The original equations of reentry guidance include many unknown parameters, making trajectory design very complex. Thus, it is necessary to simplify design processes for successful practical implementation. Considering the shapes of feasible entry corridors, design parameters are distinguished from given parameters, and new design parameters are introduced to reduce their overall number. To determine new design parameters, we adopted the sensitivity of predicted ranges to design parameter changes, which can be used to sequentially update parameters, thereby reducing range error. The proposed algorithm is structured to prevent specific design parameters from violating trajectory constraints and deviating from feasible entry corridors. The proposed method could determine the design parameters that can satisfy a feasible entry corridor while minimizing range error. Moreover, numerical simulations were conducted for various target flight ranges to validate the performance of the proposed algorithm. © ICROS 2024.

关键词： Space shuttles

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Regulation of cryogenic mechanical behaviors of C-added non-equiatomic CoCrFeNiMo ferrous medium-entropy alloy via control of initial microstructure

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第5期208卷 141-151页

作者： Ji Yeong Lee Hyeonseok Kwon Jae Heung Lee Jihye Kwon Jaemin Wang Jae Wung Bae Jongun Moon Byeong-Joo Lee Yoon-Uk Heo Hyoung Seop Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Department of Metallurgical Engineering Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Center for Advanced Powder Materials and PartsKongju National UniversityCheonanChungnam31080Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea

This study demonstrated the potential for customizing the desired properties of the Co18.5Cr12Fe55Ni9Mo3.5C2(at.％)ferrous medium-entropy alloy by manipulating the deformation-induced martensite transformation(DIMT)behavior at liquid nitrogen *** was achieved by modify-ing various initial microstructures through annealing at temperatures ranging from 900 to 1200 ℃.The variations in DIMT kinetics were analyzed based on two main factors.(1)Inducing carbide precipitation by annealing at 900 and 1000 ℃ results in changes in the composition within the matrix,which may affect the stability of the face-centered cubic *** with a higher volume fraction of the carbide precipitates exhibit lower ΔGFCC→BCC and faster DIMT kinetics.(2)The onset and kinetics of DIMT are also affected by the use of martensite nucleation sites,which may vary depending on the presence of non-recrystallized regions or the grain *** fine-grained structures,martensite primarily nucleated in the non-recrystallized regions and grain ***,in coarse-grained microstructures,martensite mainly nucleated along the in-grain shear bands and their *** precise control of the microstructure results in superior *** samples annealed at 900 and 1000 ℃ with carbide precipitates and fine grains exhibit ultrahigh ultimate tensile strength,which may reach elevated values up to～1.8 GPa,while those annealed at 1100 and 1200 ℃ with larger grains and no precipitates exhibit a uniform elongation that exceeds 100％.

关键词： Ferrous medium-entropy alloy Deformation-induced martensitic transformation Microstructures Phase stability Precipitation

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Discriminating circular polarization of light:Left or right?

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Light(science & Applications) 2025年第1期14卷 20-22页

作者： Wanhee Lee Changsoon Cho Department of Material Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)PohangRepublic of Korea Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea

Achiral dielectric nanostructures provide an efficient method for discriminating left-and right-circularly polarized photons,leveraging the photothermoelectric effect.

关键词： effect circular dielectric

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Role of solute elements in Mg-Mg_(2)Ni hydrogen storage alloys:A first-principles calculation study

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第11期12卷 4574-4593页

作者： Min-Seok Yoon Jae Hur Seo-Hui Park Ui-Jong Lee Guanglong Xu Hyung-Ki Park Byeong-Chan Suh Young Min Kim Won-Seok Ko Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Republic of Korea College of Materials Science and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Functional Materials and Components R&D Group Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyGangneung 25440Republic of Korea Advanced Metals Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea Advanced Materials Engineering University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

The effects of various alloying elements on the performance of Mg-Mg_(2)Ni hydrogen storage alloys were investigated by performing firstprinciples density functional theory *** examined the important characteristics of hydrogen storage alloys by considering both Mg-based solid solution and Mg_(2)Ni-based intermetallic compound phases,where the hydride forms are Mg H2and Mg_(2)NiH4,*** particular,qualitatively valid information for predicting changes in plateau pressures in the pressure-composition-temperature(PCT)curve was provided by calculating changes in the energy of related hydrogenation *** effects of alloying elements on volume changes due to hydrogenation reactions were also obtained to provide additional criteria for the practical use of hydrogen storage *** the Mg_(2)Ni-based intermetallic compound,we examined the site preference of each alloying element,considering the designated stoichiometry of the base *** on the revealed site preferences,the effects of various possible alloying elements on the properties of Mg_(2)Ni-based hydrides were also *** structure analyses were further conducted to elucidate the detailed mechanisms underlying the role of the additional solute elements.

关键词： Mg-Mg_(2)Ni alloys Density functional theory Hydrogen storage alloys Metal hydrides

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