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International Conference on eDemocracy & eGovernment (ICEDEG)

作者： Sergio Luján-Mora Rosa Navarrete Myriam Peñafiel Department of Software and Computing Systems University of Alicante Spain Faculty of System Engineering National Polytechnic School Ecuador

The number of e-government websites has increased greatly in recent years. Many countries have laws to ensure that e-government sites satisfy web accessibility requirements. The objective of web accessibility is to ensure that people with disabilities can access websites just like everyone else. However, laws that enforce web accessibility do not automatically guarantee compliance: e-government websites are not always prepared to provide a correct service to persons with disabilities. This paper analyses the accessibility of a group of e-government websites of all South American countries and Spain. Three official websites from each country has been analysed: the government, the Parliament and the Senate websites. Different automatic evaluation tools have been used to perform the analysis. The preliminary results of our research show that the majority of e-government websites do not provide adequate levels of web accessibility.

关键词： Electronic government Web pages HTML Cascading style sheets Guidelines Color

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A Pair-Oriented Requirements engineering Approach for Analysing Multi-lingual Requirements

A Pair-Oriented Requirements Engineering Approach for Analys...

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1st Asia Pacific Requirements engineering Symposium, APRES 2014

作者： Kamalrudin, Massila Sidek, Safiah Salleh, Norsaremah Hosking, John Grundy, John Innovative Software System and Services Group Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka Melaka Malaysia Department of Computer Science International Islamic University Malaysia 50728 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia College of Engineering and Computer Science Australian National University ACT ACT 0200 Australia Centre for Computing and Engineering Software Systems Swinburne University of Technology PO Box 218 Hawthorn VIC 3122 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783662436097

Requirements written in multiple languages can lead to error-proneness, inconsistency and incorrectness. In a Malaysian setting, software engineers are exposed to both Malay and English requirements. This can be a challenging task for them especially when capturing and analyzing requirements. Further, they face difficulties to model requirements using semi-formal or formal models. This paper introduces a new approach, Pair-Oriented Requirements engineering (PORE) that uses an Essential Use Case (EUC) model to capture and analyze multi-lingual requirements. This approach is intended to assist practitioners in developing correct and consistent requirements as well as developing teamwork skills. Two quasi-experiment studies involving 80 participants in the first study and 38 participants in a subsequent study were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach with respect to correctness and time spent in capturing multi-lingual requirements. It was found that PORE improves accuracy and hence helps users perform better in developing high quality requirements models. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014.

关键词： Requirements engineering

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Graduating students' designs - Through a phenomenographic lens 14

Graduating students' designs - Through a phenomenographic le...

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10th Annual International Conference on International computing Education Research, ICER 2014

作者： Thomas, Lynda Eckerdal, Anna McCartney, Robert Moström, Jan Erik Sanders, Kate Zander, Carol Department of Computer Science Aberystwyth University Aberystwyth United Kingdom Department of Information Technology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of Connecticut Storrs CT United States Department of Computing Science Umeå University 901 87 Umeå Sweden Mathematics and Computer Science Department Rhode Island College Providence RI United States Computing and Software Systems University of Washington Bothell Bothell WA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450327558

We expand upon previous research that looked at the question: \Can graduating students design software systems?" Specifically we want to examine students' understanding of the phenomenon\produce a design." What does this instruction mean to them? In order to investigate student understandings, we examined their designs using a phenomenographic approach. Our outcome space includes six understandings: (0) the design a layman might produce;(1) a design with some formal notation;(2) a design that uses formal notations to express the static relationships among the parts;(3) a design that uses formal notation to express sequential (dynamic) information, but does not relate that to the static system parts;(4) a design that includes and relates multiple artifacts, both static and dynamic;and (5) a design that relaxes the notations and includes only essential artifacts. The last understanding was found only in our expert's design, and we do not expect it from undergraduates. Copyright © 2014 ACM.

关键词： Students

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HorusCML: Context-aware domain-specific visual languages designer

HorusCML: Context-aware domain-specific visual languages des...

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IEEE Symposium on Visual languages and Human Centric computing (VL/HCC)

作者： Mohamed Almorsy John Grundy Ulf Rüegg Centre for Computing and Engineering Software and Systems Swinburne University of Technology Hawthorn Australia Department of Computer Science Kiel University Kiel Germany

The objective behind building domain-specific visual languages (DSVLs) is to provide users with the most appropriate concepts and notations that best fit with their domain and experience. However, the existing DSVL designers do not support integrating environment and user context information when modeling, editing or viewing DSVL models at different locations, permissions, devices, etc. In this paper, we introduce HorusCML, a context-aware DSVL designer, which supports DSVL experts in integrating necessary context details within their DSVLs. The resultant DSVLs can reflect different facets, layouts, and behaviours according to context it is used in. We show a case study on developing a context-aware data flow diagram DSVL tool using HorusCML.

关键词： Context Visualization Layout Context modeling Unified modeling language Monitoring software

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Increasing awareness of computer science in high school girls

Increasing awareness of computer science in high school girl...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Gerald C. Gannod Janet E. Burge Victoria McIe Maureen Doyle Karen C. Davis Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Miami University Oxford OH Department of Computer Science Northern Kentucky University Highland Heights KY Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH

ISBN: (纸本)9781479939237

The "Girls on the Go: The Mobile computing College Experience" is a residential summer camp whose aim is to encourage female high school students to attend college, to consider computer science as viable major, and to pursue computing related degrees. The camp content is designed primarily around a user-centered design process, with the students gaining experience in the development of a zoo-themed mobile app. In addition to technical experience, students participate in sessions that educate them on campus life, the admissions process, and more importantly, what a computing-related career may hold for them. The camp was offered in two consecutive summers, with approximately 20 participants in each iteration. In this paper, we compare differences between the two iterations with the intent of identifying both lessons learned and avenues for improving the experience. We investigate whether the camp had an effect on attitudes towards computer science as a major, and on the careers available to computer science graduates. To this end, our analysis revealed a statistically significant effect upon raising awareness of the role of computer scientists and the relevancy of computing for solving real world problems.

关键词： Computer science Educational institutions engineering profession Computers Mobile communication Employee welfare Mathematics

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FACIAL ACTION UNIT RECOGNITION BY RELATION MODELING FROM BOTH QUALITATIVE KNOWLEDGE AND QUANTITATIVE DATA

FACIAL ACTION UNIT RECOGNITION BY RELATION MODELING FROM BOT...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo Workshops

作者： Zhen Gao Shangfei Wang Chongliang Wu Jun Wang Qiang Ji Key Lab of Computing and Communication Software of Anhui Province School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Department of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

ISBN: (纸本)9781479947164

In this paper, we propose to capture Action Unit (AU) relations existing in both qualitative knowledge and quantitative data through Credal Networks (CN). Each node of the CN represents an AU label, and the links and probability intervals capture the probabilistic dependencies among multiple AUs. The structure of CN is designed based on prior knowledge. The parameters of CN are learned from both knowledge and ground-truth AU labels. The AU preliminary estimations are obtained by an existing image-driven recognition method. With the learned credal network, we infer the true AU labels by combining the relationships among labels with the previous obtained estimations. Experimental results on the CK+ database and MMI database demonstrate that with complete AU labels, our CN model is slightly better than the Bayesian Network (BN) model, demonstrating that credal sets learned from data can capture uncertainty more reliably;With incomplete and error-prone AU annotations, our CN model outperforms the BN model, indicating that credal sets can successfully capture qualitative knowledge.

关键词： Prior knowledge Credal network AU recognition

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Cloudsme: Developing a cloud computing-based platform for simulation in manufacturing and engineering

Cloudsme: Developing a cloud computing-based platform for si...

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2014 Operational Research Society Simulation Workshop, SW 2014

作者： Taylor, Simon J. E. Kiss, Tamas Kacsuk, Peter Terstyanszky, Gabor Nicola, Fantini Department of Information Systems and Computing Brunel University Uxbridge MiddlesexUB8 3PH United Kingdom Centre for Parallel Computing Department of Business Information Systems University of Westminster 115 New Cavendish St LondonW1W 6UW United Kingdom MTA SZTAKI Victor Hugo u. 18-22 Budapest1132 Hungary Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Westminster LondonW1W 6UW United Kingdom Huobstrasse 10 Pfäffikon8808 Switzerland

There is a demand from simulation users for speed, the ability to obtain quickly results from simulation runs. Cloud computing offers the potential for scalable, on-demand access to resources that can be used to speed up simulation. However, developing cloud computing solutions for industry is difficult without appropriate expertise. This paper introduces the CloudSME project that is dedicated to developing cloud computing solutions for simulation in industry and presents an overview of the CloudSME Simulation Platform that is being used to support an initial set of Cloud-based versions of Simul8's discrete-event simulation environment, Ascomp's TransAT computational fluid dynamics application, Ingecon's 3D Scan Insole Designer tool and 2MORO's Bfly software for aircraft maintenance logistics. The paper presents an overview of cloud computing, the CloudSME project, the architecture of the CloudSME Simulation Platform and its two key elements: gUse and CloudBroker.

关键词： Discrete event simulation

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Understanding the tradeoffs between software-managed vs. hardware-managed caches in GPUs

Understanding the tradeoffs between software-managed vs. har...

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IEEE International Symposium on Performance Analysis of systems and software

作者： Chao Li Yi Yang Hongwen Dai Shengen Yan Frank Mueller Huiyang Zhou Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Department of Computing Systems Architecture NEC Laboratories America Institute of Software North Carolina State University Department of Computer Science North Carolina State University

On-chip caches are commonly used in computer systems to hide long off-chip memory access latencies. To manage on-chip caches, either software-managed or hardware-managed schemes can be employed. State-of-art accelerators, such as the NVIDIA Fermi or Kepler GPUs and Intel's forthcoming MIC “Knights Landing” (KNL), support both software-managed caches, aka. shared memory (GPUs) or near memory (KNL), and hardware-managed L1 data caches (D-caches). Furthermore, shared memory and the L1 D-cache on a GPU utilize the same physical storage and their capacity can be configured at runtime (same for KNL). In this paper, we present an in-depth study to reveal interesting and sometimes unexpected tradeoffs between shared memory and the hardware-managed L1 D- caches in GPU architecture. In our study, the kernels utilizing the L1 D-caches are generated from those leveraging shared memory to ensure that the same optimizations such as tiling are applied equally in both versions. Our detailed analyses reveal that rather than cache hit rates, the following tradeoffs often have more profound performance impacts. On one hand, the kernels utilizing the L1 caches may support higher degrees of thread-level parallelism, offer more opportunities for data to be allocated in registers, and sometimes result in lower dynamic instruction counts. On the other hand, the applications utilizing shared memory enable more coalesced accesses and tend to achieve higher degrees of memory-level parallelism. Overall, our results show that most benchmarks perform significantly better with shared memory than the L1 D-caches due to the high impact of memory-level parallelism and memory coalescing.

关键词： Graphics processing units Tiles Kernel Prefetching Computer architecture Parallel processing

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Process deployment: A taxonomy of critical success factors

Process deployment: A taxonomy of critical success factors

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2010 6th International Joint Conference on Computer, Information, and systems Sciences, and engineering, CISSE 2010

作者： Bayona, Luz S. Calvo-Manzano, Jose A. Cuevas, Gonzalo Feliu, Tomás San Faculty of Computer Science Department of Languages and IT Systems and Software Engineering Technical University of Madrid Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781461435570

Various methods, models and standards for software process improvement have been adopted by organizations to improve their software processes. However, despite these efforts they still encounter difficulties in their process deployment throughout the organization. This is because the vast majority of these efforts focus more on the technical aspects, bypassing the human aspects. There is a set of factors that influence the successful deployment of new or modified processes. This paper presents taxonomy of critical success factors in software process deployment to achieve the processes institutionalization. The development of a taxonomy related to these critical success factors is based on a systematic review of existing literature on specialized databases and industrial experiences that have deployed or implemented processes. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media.

关键词： Taxonomies

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Resolving vulnerability identification errors using security requirements on business process models

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Information Management and Computer Security 2013年第3期21卷 202-223页

作者： Taubenberger, Stefan Jürjens, Jan Yu, Yijun Nuseibeh, Bashar Computing Department Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom Department of Computer Science Technical University Dortmund Dortmund Germany Fraunhofer Institute for Software Systems Engineering ISST Dortmund Germany Lero the Irish Software Engineering Research Centre Computing Department University of Limerick Limerick Ireland Open University Milton Keynes United Kingdom

Purpose - In any information security risk assessment, vulnerabilities are usually identified by information-gathering techniques. However, vulnerability identification errors - wrongly identified or unidentified vulnerabilities - can occur as uncertain data are used. Furthermore, businesses' security needs are not considered sufficiently. Hence, security functions may not protect business assets sufficiently and cost-effectively. This paper aims to resolve vulnerability errors by analysing the security requirements of information assets in business process models. Design/methodology/approach - Business process models have been selected for use, because there is a close relationship between business process objectives and risks. Security functions are evaluated in terms of the information flow of business processes regarding their security requirements. The claim that vulnerability errors can be resolved was validated by comparing the results of a current risk assessment approach with the proposed approach. The comparison is conducted both at three entities of an insurance company, as well as through a controlled experiment within a survey among security professionals. Findings - Vulnerability identification errors can be resolved by explicitly evaluating security requirements in the course of business;this is not considered in current assessment methods. Originality/value - It is shown that vulnerability identification errors occur in practice. With the explicit evaluation of security requirements, identification errors can be resolved. Risk assessment methods should consider the explicit evaluation of security requirements. Copyright © 2013 Emerald Group Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.

关键词： Risk assessment

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