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作者： Xhafa, Fatos Pllana, Sabri Barolli, Leonard Spaho, Evjola Languages and Informatic Systems Technical University of Catalonia Campus Nord Ed.Omega C/Jordi Girona 1-3 Barcelona Catalonia 08304 Spain Department of Scientific Computing University of Vienna Nordbergstrasse 15/C308 1090 Vienna Austria Department of Information and Communication Engineering Fukuoka Institute of Technology 3-30-1 Wajiro-higashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 811-0295 Japan 3-30-1 Wajiro-higashi Higashi-ku Fukuoka 811-0295 Japan

Grid computing emerged as a paradigm for high-performance computing and massive parallel processing. Currently, Grid systems have become an important paradigm for efficiently solving large-scale complex problems from many fields. On the other hand, P2P paradigm originated from file-sharing, but each time more is being used for the development of large-scale distributed platforms. Grid and P2P systems have thus followed different trajectories pushed by different motivations, needs and research communities. In fact, both paradigms are evolving in a way that each time they are sharing more common characteristics and are mutually benefiting from their best features. Among these characteristics, we could distinguish the cooperative model for solving complex problems by exploiting their large computing capacity. As such, Grid and P2P systems have achieved notable success, in particular, for e-Science applications, a family of complex applications arising in science and engineering that need considerable computation power. Despite important advances in the design and use of Grid and P2P systems, they remain still difficult to implement and apply to real-life problems. The main difficulties reside in the lack of easy-to-use middleware for Grid and P2P, in the complexities of setting up and in the tedious task of deploying real-world Grid/P2P platforms as well as in experimental studies which are often complex and not easy to repeat. In this paper we survey and analyze the advances in communication libraries and middleware for both Grid and P2P systems as well as their limitations when used in real Grid and P2P infrastructures. We also bring examples of real-life applications of massive data processing that can be efficiently handled through Grid and P2P approaches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Middleware

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Energy-aware data processing techniques for wireless sensor networks: A review

Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lectu...

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Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) 2011年 6790 LNCS卷 117-137页

作者： Chong, Suan Khai Gaber, Mohamed Medhat Krishnaswamy, Shonali Loke, Seng Wai Centre for Distributed Systems and Software Engineering Monash University 900 Dandenong Rd Caulfield East VIC 3145 Australia School of Computing University of Portsmouth Portsmouth Hampshire PO1 3HE United Kingdom Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering La Trobe University Victoria 3086 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9783642230738

Extensive data generated by peers of nodes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) needs to be analysed and processed in order to extract information that is meaningful to the user. Data processing techniques that achieve this goal on sensor nodes are required to operate while meeting resource constraints such as memory and power to prolong a sensor network's lifetime. This survey serves to provide a comprehensive examination of such techniques, enabling developers of WSN applications to select and implement data processing techniques that perform efficiently for their intended WSN application. It presents a general analysis of the issue of energy conservation in sensor networks and an up-to-date classification and evaluation of data processing techniques that have factored in energy constraints of sensors. © 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Prioritization of quality requirements: State of practice in eleven companies

Prioritization of quality requirements: State of practice in...

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IEEE International Conference on Requirements engineering

作者： Richard Berntsson Svensson Tony Gorschek Björn Regnell Richard Torkar Ali Shahrokni Robert Feldt Aybuke Aurum Department of Computer Science Lund University Lund Sweden School of Computing Blekinge Institute of Technology Karlskrona Sweden Software Engineering and Technology Chalmers University of Technology Goteborg Sweden School of Information Systems Technology and Management University of New South Wales Sydney Australia

Requirements prioritization is recognized as an important but challenging activity in software product development. For a product to be successful, it is crucial to find the right balance among competing quality requirements. Although literature offers many methods for requirements prioritization, the research on prioritization of quality requirements is limited. This study identifies how quality requirements are prioritized in practice at 11 successful companies developing software intensive systems. We found that ad-hoc prioritization and priority grouping of requirements are the dominant methods for prioritizing quality requirements. The results also show that it is common to use customer input as criteria for prioritization but absence of any criteria was also common. The results suggests that quality requirements by default have a lower priority than functional requirements, and that they only get attention in the prioritizing process if decision-makers are dedicated to invest specific time and resources on QR prioritization. The results of this study may help future research on quality requirements to focus investigations on industry-relevant issues.

关键词： Companies Interviews Industries Ad hoc networks Instruments Planning Telecommunications

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Integration of cultural dimensions into software localisation testing of assistive technology for deaf children

Integration of cultural dimensions into software localisatio...

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Malaysian Conference in software engineering (MySEC)

作者： Tan Ping Ping Chiu Po Chan Hamizan Sharbini Azlina Ahmadi Julaihi Department of Computing & Software Engineering Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Malaysia Department of Information Systems Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Malaysia Department of Computer System & Communication Technologies Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Universiti Malaysia Sarawak Malaysia

Lack of hearing ability hinders deaf children from mastering grammar in language studies. Unfortunately, such software targeting Malay language is limited. This paper attempts to generate new approach in handling such software. These include detection of defects when switching into local languages, date format and accommodating the local laws. The acceptance of international software for local use goes beyond just these aspects. For this purpose, software that supports the multi-languages is evaluated. The main research question of this paper: The lack of cultural dimensions in localisation testing of assistive technology decreases the effectiveness of localisation testing of the localised software. On the account of cultural dimensions, Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions will be experimented to study which cultural dimensions are most suited for such software. From our empirical results, the failure rate of the testing is higher compared to incorporating culture dimensions.

关键词： Testing Cultural differences Usability Information technology Computer science User interfaces

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RASS: A real-time, accurate and scalable system for tracking transceiver-free objects

RASS: A real-time, accurate and scalable system for tracking...

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IEEE International Conference on Pervasive computing and Communications (PerCom)

作者： Dian Zhang Yunhuai Liu Lionel M. Ni College of Software Shenzhen University China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong China Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Scalable Computing and Systems Shanghai Jiaotong University China

Transceiver-free object tracking is to trace a moving object without carrying any communication device in an environment where the environment is pre-deployed with some monitoring nodes. Among all the tracking technologies, RF-based technology is an emerging research field facing many challenges. Although we proposed the original idea, until now there is no method achieving scalability without sacrificing latency and accuracy. In this paper, we put forward a real-time tracking system RASS, which can achieve this goal and is promising in the applications like the safeguard system. Our basic idea is to divide the tracking field into different areas, with adjacent areas using different communication channels. So the interference among different areas can be prevented. For each area, three communicating nodes are deployed on the ceiling as a regular triangle to monitor this area. In each triangle area, we use a Support Vector Regression (SVR) model to locate the object. This model simulates the relationship between the signal dynamics caused by the object and the object position. It not only considers the ideal case of signal dynamics caused by the object, but also utilizes their irregular information. As a result it can reach the tracking accuracy to around 1m by just using three nodes in a triangle area with 4m in each side. The experiments show that the tracking latency of the proposed RASS system is bounded by only about 0.26s. Our system scales well to a large deployment field without sacrificing the latency and accuracy.

关键词： Accuracy Wireless communication Wireless sensor networks Interference Lead Synchronization Predictive models

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Design of a Robot Cloud Center

Design of a Robot Cloud Center

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International Symposium on Autonomous Decentralized systems (ISADAS)

作者： Zhihui Du Weiqiang Yang Yinong Chen Xin Sun Xiaoying Wang Chen Xu Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China School of Software and Microelectronics Peking University Beijing China School of Computing Informatics and Decision Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA International School Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing China

Service-oriented architecture and cloud computing have become the prevalent computing paradigm. In this paradigm, computing resources can be accessed like other utility services available in today's society. In the meantime, robotics applications are joining the trend. More and more robot applications are shifting from manufacture to non-manufacture and service industries. However, for the on-demand supply of the large-scale heterogeneous robots, It is still a problem have not yet been studied, including the fundamental management and efficiency issues in using of these resources. In this paper, we design a framework of "Robot Cloud Center" (RCC) following the general cloud computing paradigm to address the current limitations in capacity and versatility of robotic applications. In this framework, a robot can be provided as a service just like a public utility service so that everyone can access the powerful robotic services easily, efficiently, and cheaply. Based on a given scenario, a robot scheduling algorithm in RCC is proposed to take advantage of the heterogeneous robot resources to meet the end user's requirement with the minimum cost.

关键词： Service robots Computer architecture Service oriented architecture Hardware Cloud computing Computational modeling

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Polynomial-time hierarchy of computable reals

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Journal of Computational Information systems 2011年第4期7卷 1108-1115页

作者： Chen, Qingliang Su, Kaile Wu, Lijun Department of Computer Science Jinan University Guangzhou 510632 China Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies Ministry of Education Peking University Beijing China Institute for Integrated and Intelligent Systems Griffith University Brisbane Australia School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology Chengdu 610054 China

In mathematics, various representations of real numbers have been investigated and all these representations are proved to be mathematically equivalent. Furthermore, it is known that all effective versions of these representations lead to the same class of "computable real numbers". However, when subrecursive (such as primitive recursive) is taken into account, these representations can lead to different notions of "computable real numbers". This paper will look into the polynomial-time version of the problem for computable real numbers under different representations. We will summarize the known results to exhibit the comprehensive hierarchy they form. Our goal is to clarify systematically how the polynomial-time computability depends on the representations of the real numbers. Copyright © 2011 Binary Information Press.

关键词： Polynomial approximation

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No-go theorem for one-way quantum computing on naturally occurring two-level systems

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Physical Review A 2011年第5期83卷 050301(R)-050301(R)页

作者： Jianxin Chen Xie Chen Runyao Duan Zhengfeng Ji Bei Zeng Department of Computer Science and Technology Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts USA Centre for Quantum Computation and Intelligent Systems (QCIS) Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney New South Wales Australia Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Waterloo Ontario Canada State Key Laboratory of Computer Science Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute for Quantum Computing and Department of Combinatorics and Optimization University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

The ground states of some many-body quantum systems can serve as resource states for the one-way quantum computing model, achieving the full power of quantum computation. Such resource states are found, for example, in spin-52 and spin-32 systems. It is, of course, desirable to have a natural resource state in a spin-12, that is, qubit system. Here, we give a negative answer to this question for frustration-free systems with two-body interactions. In fact, it is shown to be impossible for any genuinely entangled qubit state to be a nondegenerate ground state of any two-body frustration-free Hamiltonian. What is more, we also prove that every spin-12 frustration-free Hamiltonian with two-body interaction always has a ground state that is a product of single- or two-qubit states. In other words, there cannot be any interesting entanglement features in the ground state of such a qubit Hamiltonian.

关键词： Ground state

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From collective knowledge to intelligence: Pre-requirements analysis of large and complex systems

From collective knowledge to intelligence: Pre-requirements ...

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1st Workshop on Web 2.0 for software engineering at ICSE 2010, Web2SE 2010, in Conjunction with the 32nd ACM/IEEE International Conference on software engineering, ICSE 2010

作者： Liang, Peng Avgeriou, Paris He, Keqing Xu, Lai State Key Lab. of Software Engineering Wuhan University China Department of Computing Science University of Groningen Netherlands Software Systems Research Centre Bournemouth University United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9781605589756

Requirements engineering is essentially a social collaborative activity in which involved stakeholders have to closely work together to communicate, elicit, negotiate, define, confirm, and finally come up with the requirements for the system to be implemented or upgraded. In the development of large and complex systems, with a huge number of uncertain stakeholders, the requirements engineering process becomes a challenging task due to overwhelming and dynamic social interactions, tradeoffs, and collective decisions made by above stakeholders. Traditional approaches and techniques are deficient in supporting this kind of social interactions in requirements-related activities, and managing the evolving requirements and their traceability caused by the social interactions. This paper proposes to address the challenges in the pre-requirements analysis of large and complex systems by employing the techniques from collective intelligence based on Web 2.0 tools and technologies, which is composed of three steps: first, obtain collective requirements knowledge through collaborative tagging by stakeholders;second, transform collaborative requirement tags into requirement ontologies;third, support collective requirement decision-making (i.e., collective intelligence) based on the requirement ontologies through requirements reasoning. © 2010 ACM.

关键词： World Wide Web

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Learner satisfaction when applying an instructional model in e-learning: An experimental study

Learner satisfaction when applying an instructional model in...

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2nd International Conference on Computer Supported Education, CSEDU 2010

作者： Alonso, Fernando López, Genoveva Font, Jose Maria Manrique, Daniel Department of Languages and Systems and Software Engineering Facultad de Informática UPM Madrid Spain Department of Artificial Intelligence Facultad de Informática UPM Madrid Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9789896740238

This paper presents the results regarding the satisfaction of learners attending a course under the following instructional conditions: traditional face-to-face classroom, distance learning without an instructional model, having only virtualized the teaching contents used in face-to-face classrooms;and distance learning with an instructional model. The courses on which the experiments were run are related to information and communications technologies. Specifically, we present in this paper the results for a Java programming course taught to information technology specialists under the above three instructional conditions. The course was originally designed for classroom attendance. Later, with the aim of reducing student travel expenses, all the course teaching content was virtualized (distance learning without an instructional model). And the course was designed to simulate face-to-face classroom teaching via web and videoconferencing. In view of the sharp drop in learner satisfaction with this second teaching mode, we adopted an instructional model to systematize the distance course design and teaching process. The results suggest that learner satisfaction in this study is slightly higher among students attending the distance course applying the instructional model than for students taking the traditional face-to-face classroom course and greater in both cases than among students enrolled in distance learning without an instructional model for the course.

关键词： Teaching

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