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8th IEEE International Conference on Computing, Communication, Control and Automation, ICCUBEA 2024

作者： Kamble, Aahash Belsare, Sanika Chaudhari, Purva Gourshettiwar, Palash Gundewar, Swapnil Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Department of Artificial Intellegence and Data Science Wardha India Department of Artificial Intellegence and Data Science Maharashtra Wardha India Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Department of Computer Science and Medical Engineering Wardha India Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Department of Artificial Intellegence and Machine Learning Wardha India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391770

This research compares two well-known models for predicting weather: ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average) and STL (Seasonal-Trend Decomposition using Loess). Accurate weather forecasts are crucial for businesses and daily life, making strong forecasting methods necessary. ARIMA finds linear patterns and time dependencies in data, while STL splits time series into seasonal, trend, and random parts. Using real-world weather data, we train and test these models. We compare their performances using MSE (Mean Squared Error) and R2 (R-squared) metrics. The research demonstrates that the STL model performs better than the ARIMA model at accurately predicting weather patterns and fitting to the data. This superior performance makes the STL model a more dependable choice for weather forecasting. This study enhances techniques for weather prediction and offers valuable information to those making decisions in weather-sensitive businesses. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Prediction models

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Method for Finding an Investment Strategy in the Case of a Sparse Covariance Matrix 17

Method for Finding an Investment Strategy in the Case of a S...

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17th International Conference on Management of Large-Scale System Development, MLSD 2024

作者： Gorelik, Victor Zolotova, Tatiana Federal Research Center 'Computer Science and Control' of the Russian Academy of Sciences Department of Simulation Systems and Operations Research Moscow Russia Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation Department of Data Analysis and Machine Learning Moscow Russia

An optimality principle is proposed for making investment decisions based on efficiency and risk assessments with a sparse covariance matrix. The method is implemented as a program with a graphical interface and demon... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350375718

关键词： Marketplaces

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Enhancing Agricultural Yield Predictions with Real-Time IoT Sensor data and machine learning Integration 5

Enhancing Agricultural Yield Predictions with Real-Time IoT ...

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5th International Conference on IoT Based Control Networks and Intelligent Systems, ICICNIS 2024

作者： Chandiraprakash, N. Chinnasamy, A. Ashok, M. Malla Reddy College of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Hyderabad India School of Computing Department of Data Science and Business Systems SRMIST kattankulathur campus Chennai India Malla Reddy College of Engineering Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518097

This research extends previous studies on the effects of climate change on agricultural yield predictions by integrating advanced machine learning (ML) methods with real time environmental sensing data. It builds on the basic usage of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Random Forest (RF) methods by employing real time data streams from IoT based field sensors that measure soil moisture, nutrient levels and pest activity. The aim is to enhance the prediction model's adaption to changing climatic circumstances, therefore increasing their utility in agricultural management. This study proposes a dynamic adaptation feature that uses real time data to make timely adjustments to crop management predictions. Moreover, the integration of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with LSTM is being investigated to increase the spatial and temporal accuracy of these predictions. By integrating conventional climatic data with detailed micro environmental elements from IoT sensors, this method obtains a aspects which affects the crop growth. This study also focuses on developing a userfriendly interface that allows farmers to easily access predictive developments and recommendations, allowing for more informed decision making. This technique is predicted to make substantial advances in precision agriculture, giving more effective methods for regulating agricultural productivity in dynamic climatic variability. These results may improve food security and sustainability by optimizing resource utilization and reducing the environmental impact of farming operations. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Smart agriculture

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Identifying General Mechanism Shifts in Linear Causal Representations 38

Identifying General Mechanism Shifts in Linear Causal Repres...

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38th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, NeurIPS 2024

作者： Chen, Tianyu Bello, Kevin Locatello, Francesco Aragam, Bryon Ravikumar, Pradeep Department of Statistics and Data Sciences University of Texas Austin United States Booth School of Business University of Chicago United States Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University United States Institute of Science and Technology Austria Austria

We consider the linear causal representation learning setting where we observe a linear mixing of d unknown latent factors, which follow a linear structural causal model. Recent work has shown that it is possible to recover the latent factors as well as the underlying structural causal model over them, up to permutation and scaling, provided that we have at least d environments, each of which corresponds to perfect interventions on a single latent node (factor). After this powerful result, a key open problem faced by the community has been to relax these conditions: allow for coarser than perfect single-node interventions, and allow for fewer than d of them, since the number of latent factors d could be very large. In this work, we consider precisely such a setting, where we allow a smaller than d number of environments, and also allow for very coarse interventions that can very coarsely change the entire causal graph over the latent factors. On the flip side, we relax what we wish to extract to simply the list of nodes that have shifted between one or more environments. We provide a surprising identifiability result that it is indeed possible, under some very mild standard assumptions, to identify the set of shifted nodes. Our identifiability proof moreover is a constructive one: we explicitly provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a node to be a shifted node, and show that we can check these conditions given observed data. Our algorithm lends itself very naturally to the sample setting where instead of just interventional distributions, we are provided datasets of samples from each of these distributions. We corroborate our results on both synthetic experiments as well as an interesting psychometric dataset. The code can be found at https://***/TianyuCodings/iLCS. © 2024 Neural information processing systems foundation. All rights reserved.

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On Fake News Detection with LLM Enhanced Semantics Mining

On Fake News Detection with LLM Enhanced Semantics Mining

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2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Ma, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yuchen Ding, Kaize Yang, Jian Wu, Jia Fan, Hao School of Computing Macquarie University Sydney Australia Amazon Machine Learning Sydney Australia School of Information Management Wuhan University Hubei China Department of Statistics and Data Science Northwestern University IL United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as valuable tools for enhancing textual features in various text-related tasks. Despite their superiority in capturing the lexical semantics between tokens for text analysis, our preliminary study on two popular LLMs, i.e., GPT-3.5 and Llama2, shows that simply applying news embeddings from LLMs is ineffective for fake news detection. Such embeddings only encapsulate the language styles between tokens. Meanwhile, the high-level semantics among named entities and topics, which reveal the deviating patterns of fake news, have been ignored. Therefore, we propose a topic model together with a set of specially designed prompts to extract topics and real entities from LLMs and model the relations among news, entities, and topics as a heterogeneous graph to facilitate investigating news semantics. We then propose a Generalized Page-Rank model and a consistent learning criterion for mining the local and global semantics centered on each news piece through the adaptive propagation of features across the graph. Our model shows superior performance on five benchmark datasets over seven baseline methods and the efficacy of the key ingredients has been thoroughly validated. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Embeddings

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Processes and measurements: a framework for understanding neural oscillations in field potentials

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Trends in Cognitive sciences 2025年第5期29卷 448-466页

作者： van Bree, Sander Levenstein, Daniel Krause, Matthew R. Voytek, Bradley Gao, Richard Department of Medicine Justus Liebig University Giessen Germany Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging School of Psychology and Neuroscience University of Glasgow Glasgow United Kingdom MILA – Quebec AI Institute MontrealQC Canada Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital McGill University MontrealQC Canada Department of Cognitive Science Halıcıŏglu Data Science Institute Kavli Institute for Brain & Mind University of California San Diego La JollaCA United States Machine Learning in Science Excellence Cluster Machine Learning and Tübingen AI Center University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany

Various neuroscientific theories maintain that brain oscillations are important for neuronal computation, but opposing views claim that these macroscale dynamics are ‘exhaust fumes’ of more relevant processes. Here, we approach the question of whether oscillations are functional or epiphenomenal by distinguishing between measurements and processes, and by reviewing whether causal or inferentially useful links exist between field potentials, electric fields, and neurobiological events. We introduce a vocabulary for the role of brain signals and their underlying processes, demarcating oscillations as a distinct entity where both processes and measurements can exhibit periodicity. Leveraging this distinction, we suggest that electric fields, oscillating or not, are causally and computationally relevant, and that field potential signals can carry information even without causality. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Neurons

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On the Origins of Linear Representations in Large Language Models 41

On the Origins of Linear Representations in Large Language M...

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41st International Conference on machine learning, ICML 2024

作者： Jiang, Yibo Rajendran, Goutham Ravikumar, Pradeep Aragam, Bryon Veitch, Victor Department of Computer Science University of Chicago United States Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University United States Booth School of Business University of Chicago United States Department of Statistics University of Chicago United States Data Science Institute University of Chicago United States

Recent works have argued that high-level semantic concepts are encoded "linearly" in the representation space of large language models. In this work, we study the origins of such linear representations. To that end, we introduce a simple latent variable model to abstract and formalize the concept dynamics of the next token prediction. We use this formalism to show that the next token prediction objective (softmax with cross-entropy) and the implicit bias of gradient descent together promote the linear representation of concepts. Experiments show that linear representations emerge when learning from data matching the latent variable model, confirming that this simple structure already suffices to yield linear representations. We additionally confirm some predictions of the theory using the LLaMA-2 large language model, giving evidence that the simplified model yields generalizable insights. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

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Enhanced Model for Mango Detection and Quality Classification Using Optimized Feature Extraction Techniques

Enhanced Model for Mango Detection and Quality Classificatio...

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2025 IEEE International Students' Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer science, SCEECS 2025

作者： Aryan, Adla Mohammed, Abdul Aleem Chabra, Manish Rasheed, Syed Saarib Adnan, Mohammed Raoof, Mohammed Abdul Vardhaman College of Engineering Department of Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning Telangana Hyderabad501218 India Muffakham Jah College of Engineering and Technology Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hyderabad500034 India Methodist College of Engineering and Technology Department of Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Telangana Hyderabad500001 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529833

This paper introduces an automated grading system for mangoes, enhancing efficiency and accuracy compared to human-based methods. The system uses the Lion Assisted Firefly Algorithm (LA-FF) to extract the best features from multiple highlights, enhancing grading efficiency and accuracy. The LA-FF algorithm is then used to fine-tune the convolutional layers of a deep CNN based on the specific requirements of mango grading. The system integrates the latest algorithms, automation, and adaptation to create an even more effective and precise grading system suitable for rural agricultural contexts. The LA-FF algorithm is used to extract the best features from multiple highlights, resulting in a more accurate and efficient grading process. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Fruits

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Real-Time Potholes Detection and Prevention Using Deep learning Techniques 8th

Real-Time Potholes Detection and Prevention Using Deep Learn...

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8th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology for Intelligent Systems, ICTIS 2024

作者： Shabai, Iqbal Mahalle, Parikshit N. Shinde, Gitanjali Department of Information Technology Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune India Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune India

ISBN: (纸本)9789819766802

Road infrastructure safety and maintenance have received more attention recently due to the significant influence that it has on traffic flow and road user safety. Potholes are one common kind of road defect that seriously endangers drivers. Manual checks take a lot of time and may delay necessary repairs. In response to these challenges, a real-time pothole recognition system utilizing state-of-the-art computer vision and deep learning techniques was developed. The system leverages the Faster R-CNN model for precise pothole identification, enabling fast detection and timely repairs. The automated detection and instantaneous notification of authorities by the system enhances road safety and maintenance efficiency. This ingenious tactic improves the standard of the transportation network and creates roads safer. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Deep learning

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TRACKING THE RISK OF A DEPLOYED MODEL AND DETECTING HARMFUL DISTRIBUTION SHIFTS 10

TRACKING THE RISK OF A DEPLOYED MODEL AND DETECTING HARMFUL ...

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10th International Conference on learning Representations, ICLR 2022

作者： Podkopaev, Aleksandr Ramdas, Aaditya Department of Statistics & Data Science Carnegie Mellon University United States Machine Learning Department Carnegie Mellon University United States

When deployed in the real world, machine learning models inevitably encounter changes in the data distribution, and certain-but not all-distribution shifts could result in significant performance degradation. In practice, it may make sense to ignore benign shifts, under which the performance of a deployed model does not degrade substantially, making interventions by a human expert (or model retraining) unnecessary. While several works have developed tests for distribution shifts, these typically either use non-sequential methods, or detect arbitrary shifts (benign or harmful), or both. We argue that a sensible method for firing off a warning has to both (a) detect harmful shifts while ignoring benign ones, and (b) allow continuous monitoring of model performance without increasing the false alarm rate. In this work, we design simple sequential tools for testing if the difference between source (training) and target (test) distributions leads to a significant increase in a risk function of interest, like accuracy or calibration. Recent advances in constructing time-uniform confidence sequences allow efficient aggregation of statistical evidence accumulated during the tracking process. The designed framework is applicable in settings where (some) true labels are revealed after the prediction is performed, or when batches of labels become available in a delayed fashion. We demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed framework through an extensive empirical study on a collection of simulated and real datasets. © 2022 ICLR 2022 - 10th International Conference on learning Representationss. All rights reserved.

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