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Sn-Mediated Local Atomic Ordering Enhances Reversible Anionic Redox Activity in Cation-Disordered Li1.3Mn0.4Nb0.3O2 Cathodes

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Advanced Energy materials 2025年第0期

作者： Sun, Gang Nie, Dan Zhu, Qingjun Gao, Lijun Chang, Yi-Hung Liu, Han Yang, Jiayi Ren, Yang Shao, Yu-Cheng Ishii, Hirofumi Sui, Xulei Wang, PanPan Wang, Hsiao-Tsu Wang, Zhenbo Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials Shenzhen Engineering Laboratory for Advance Technology of Ceramics Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Energy Materials Service Safety College of Materials Science and Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518071 China Bachelor's Program in Advanced Materials Science Tamkang University No.151 Yingzhuan Rd. Tamsui Dist. New Taipei25137 Taiwan Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center 101 Hsin-Ann Road Hsinchu Science Park Hsinchu300092 Taiwan State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage MOE Engineering Research Center for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Carbon Neutrality in Cold Regions School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China

Recent advances in lithium-ion batteries have revealed the potential of Li-excess cation-disordered rock salt (DRX) cathodes, which expand the design space for cathode materials. The evidence of facile lattice substitution further provides a key strategy for activating redox reaction centers and enhancing the cycling performance of such materials. Here, the study explores how Sn-mediated local atomic ordering enhances reversible anionic redox activity in Li1.3Mn0.4Nb0.3O2 through the use of aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, ex/in situ X-ray techniques, and theoretical calculation. The results demonstrate that Sn incorporation optimizes the local atomic structure, fostering the formation of rapid Li+ diffusion "elevator" pathways and short-range ordered structures, thereby enhancing the Li+ transport network. Additionally, quantitative analysis of the redox pathways and degree of participation for Mn and O during charge–discharge cycles reveals that the Sn-mediated electrode exhibits enhanced anionic O redox activity at high charging voltages, maintaining elevated activity throughout subsequent cycling. This sustained performance not only indicates increased redox capabilities but also suggests improved structural stability. By elucidating the complex interplay between composition, local structure, and performance, this study advances the understanding of DRX materials and underscores the potential of strategic elemental substitution for optimizing disordered cathode materials in next-generation energy storage systems. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Redox reactions

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Thermoelectrically Elevated Hydrogel Evaporation for Personal Cooling under Extreme Heat

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Pei, Yu Feng, Tianshi Chambers, Robert Cai, Shengqiang Chen, Renkun Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States

Extreme heat events with wet-bulb temperatures (WBT) above 35°C pose serious risks to human survival, and conventional hydrogel evaporative cooling alone may not provide sufficient relief as it must be maintained at a sufficiently high temperature to achieve effective evaporation in hot, humid conditions. This study integrates thermoelectric devices (TEDs) with hydrogels to create an effective personal cooling solution. TEDs pump heat away from the skin to maintain comfort while simultaneously increasing the hydrogel’s temperature to enhance evaporation. This hybrid system outperforms TEDs or hydrogel alone in extreme conditions (temperature up to 55°C and relative humidity up to 88%, with WBT > 35°C) and can operate for over six hours with a manageable hydrogel and battery weight. The active temperature control of TEDs allows adaptation to changing thermal loads and environments. These results demonstrate the potential of hybrid evaporative and thermoelectric cooling as an efficient, adaptable, and sustainable personal cooling solution to combat extreme heat. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Evaporative cooling systems

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Effects of Incident Angle on Single-Event Leakage Current Degradation in Heavy-Ion Irradiated 1800 v and 4500 v SiC Power MOSFETs

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IEEE Transactions on Nuclear science 2025年

作者： Sengupta, A. Martinella, C. Ball, D.R. Niskanen, K. Senarath, A.S. Islam, S. Harris, P.M. Hutson, J.M. Osheroff, J.M. Sternberg, A.L. Kettunen, H. Kosier, S.L. Grossner, U. Javanainen, A. Galloway, K.F. Schrimpf, R.D. Witulski, A.F. Zürich8092 Switzerland Vanderbilt University Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program NashvilleTN37235 United States Lipscomb University Electrical and Computer Engineering Department NashvilleTN37204 United States NASA/GSFC Code 561.4 GreenbeltMD20771 United States Vanderbilt University Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department B 351825 NashvilleTN37235 United States University of Jyväskylä Department of Physics Jyväskylä40014 Finland

Experimental heavy-ion responses of two variants of SiC power MOSFETs are evaluated. The devices have similar epitaxial thickness but different doping. The higher doping in the epitaxial region results in lower breakdown voltage, and typically leads to a lower threshold drain voltage at which single-event leakage current (SELC) occurs. Furthermore, the heavy-ion-induced SELC degradation in the drain and gate currents of the SiC MOSFETs exhibit a strong dependence on the heavy-ion's angle of incidence. The devices' behavior significantly alters when irradiated with heavy-ions at different incident angles under the same fixed bias and total fluence, as also confirmed by 3-D Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Power MOSFET

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Multistate Control of Nonlinear Photocurrents in Optoferroelectrics via phase manipulation of light field

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Kazempour, Ali Sisakht, Esmaeil Taghizadeh Okyay, Mahmut Sait Jiang, Xiao Sato, Shunsuke Park, Noejung Department of physics Payame Noor University PO BOX Tehran119395-3697 Iran Department of Physics Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology Ulsan689-798 Korea Republic of Materials Science and Engineering Program Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California-Riverside RiversideCA92521 United States Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba305-8577 Japan

Ultrafast optical control of ferroelectricity based on short and intense light can be utilized to achieve accurate manipulations of ferroelectric materials, which may pave a basis for future breakthrough in nonvolatile memories. Here, we demonstrate that phase manipulation of electric field in the strong field sub-cycle regime induces a nonlinear injection current, efficiently coupling with the topology of band structure and enabling dynamic reversal of both current and polarization. Our time-dependent first-principles calculations reveal that tuning the phase of linearly or circularly polarized light through time-varying chirp, or constant carrier envelop phases within sub-laser-cycle dynamics effectively breaks the time-reversal symmetry, allowing the control over current and electronic polarization reversal over multi-ferroelectric states. Our time- and momentum-resolved transverse current analysis reveal the significance of Berry curvature higher order poles in the apparent association between the odd (even) orders of Berry curvature multipoles to odd (even) pseudo-harmonics in driving polarization dynamics reversal. We suggest that these phase manipulations of short pulse waveform may lead to unprecedented accurate control of nonlinear photocurrents and polarization states, which facilitate the development of precise ultrafast opto-ferroelectric devices. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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Propolis nanoemulsion extract from celebes stingless bee (Tetragonula biroi) phytochemistry and antibacterial analysis to periodontopathogen bacteria

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Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research 2025年第3期15卷 576-584页

作者： Amalia, Nadya Rafika Budhy, Theresia Indah Ridwan, Rini Devijanti Rianti, Devi Bramantoro, Taufan Luthfi, Muhammad Ramadhani, Nastiti Faradilla Pramusita, Adya Putranti, Nurul Aisyah Rizki Nugraha, Albertus Putera Situmorang, Putri Cahaya Shariff, Khairul Anuar Nugraha, Alexander Patera Dental Health Science Study Program Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Oral Biology Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Dental Material Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Dental Public Health Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Department of Orthodontic Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga Surabaya Indonesia Biology Study Program Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan Indonesia School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia Penang Nibong Tebal 14300 Malaysia

Background: Propolis from Sulawesi's stingless bees (Tetragonula biroi) contains antioxidants, more flavonoids than propolis from Apis bees, and the antibacterial ability. Objective: to examine the antibacterial properties of Propolis Nanoemulsion Extract (PNE), which is extracted from the Celebes Stingless Bee (T. biroi), in relation to the periodontopathogen bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), and Provotella intermedia (Pi). This investigation also examines PNE's phytochemistry, particle size analysis (PSA), and zeta potential. Methods: The maceration process with 96 % ethanol was used to create PNE from Celebes stingless bee (T. biroi), which was then subjected to zeta potential measurement and PSA. Phytochemical analysis was used to identify phytochemical constituents in the PNE (T. biroi). Diffusion zone, minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were used to assess antibacterial efficacy against Aa, Pg, Pi, and Fn. Furthermore, the statistical analysis was used to extract the data. Results: Phenols, alkaloids, and flavonoids were identified;however, triterpenoids and saponins were not. Between 151.28 and 182.2 diameter nanometers (***) was the range of the PNE's diameter. At 1.56 % propolis (T. biroi) concentration, the MIC, MBC, and diffusion zone analysis performed better than at 0.76 %, with a significant difference (p:0.01;p < 0.05) to Aa, Pg, Pi, and Fn. Conclusions: The highest antibacterial activity against Aa, Pg, Pi, and Fn as periodontopathogen bacteria is demonstrated by alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenols in PNE from Celebes (T. biroi) at a concentration of 1.56 %. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Antibacterial Communicable disease Infectious disease Medicine Periodontal disease

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Corrigendum to “Time-course concentration of ethanol, acetaldehyde and acetate in rat brain dialysate following alcohol self-administration” [Alcohol 123 (2025) 69–76]

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Alcohol 2025年 125卷 53-54页

作者： Tse-Ang Lee Hongjoo J. Lee Regina A. Mangieri Rueben Gonzales Heba Ajmal Tanya Hutter Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Department of Psychology The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Department of Neuroscience The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA

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Anion-Deficient Transition Metal Oxynitrides as Anode materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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Chemistry - A European Journal 2025年第26期31卷 e202500503页

作者： Zhang, Shi-Rui Wang, Xiao-Ming Li, Wen Fang, Lei-Ming Liu, Tian-Hui Yang, Zu-Pei Kuang, Xiao-Jun Jiao, Huan Department of Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy Devices Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Energy Technology School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Province Xi'an710062 China Institute of Nuclear Physics and Chemistry China Academy of Engineering Physics Sichuan Mianyang621900 China Advanced Materials Research Group Faculty of Engineering The University of Nottingham University Park NottinghamNG7 2RD United Kingdom Industrial Training Centre Shenzhen Polytechnic University Guangdong Province Shenzhen518055 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Shaanxi Normal University Shaanxi Xi'an710062 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials College of Chemistry and Bioengineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin541004 China

Transition metal oxynitrides, with their unique electronic structures and excellent conductivity, hold significant promise as anode materials in fuel cells. In this study, we synthesized and characterized two novel anion-deficient transition metal oxynitrides: Ca4La8V4O8N12 and Sr3La9V4O7N13. Their crystal structures were determined via Rietveld refinement of X-ray and neutron diffraction data, revealing a higher concentration of anion vacancies in Sr3La9V4O7N13. As a result, Sr3La9V4O7N13 exhibits significantly enhanced electrical conductivity compared to Ca4La8V4O8N12. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that Sr3La9V4O7N13 possesses higher defect formation energies, influencing its band structure and facilitating electron transitions, thereby enhancing conductivity. This study underscores the role of anion deficiencies in modulating the electronic properties of transition metal oxynitrides and offers new insights for designing high-performance anode materials for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Rietveld refinement

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Large-Scale Distributed Multidisciplinary Design Optimization of the NASA Lift-Plus-Cruise Air Taxi Concept

Large-Scale Distributed Multidisciplinary Design Optimizatio...

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AIAA science and Technology Forum and Exposition, AIAA SciTech Forum 2025

作者： van Schie, Sebastiaan P. C. Ruh, Marius L. Fletcher, Andrew Warner, Michael Sperry, Mark Scotzniovsky, Luca Orndorff, Nicholas C. Xiang, Ru Yan, Jiayao Zhao, Han Krokowski, Joshua J. Chen, J.S. Sarojini, Darshan Gill, Hyunjune Lee, Seongkyu Tagg, Andrew Anderson, Ryan Green, Eric Joseph, Cibin Ning, Andrew Cheng, Zeyu Cao, Zhi Mi, Chunting Guibert, Alexandre T. R. Cronk, Ashley Kim, H. Alicia Meng, Y. Shirley Silva, Christopher Hwang, John T. University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Structural Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr La Jolla CA92093 United States Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department Virginia Tech 1600 Innovation Dr BlacksburgVA24060 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California Davis 1 Shields Avenue DavisCA95616 United States Mechanical Engineering Brigham Young University ProvoUT84602 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering San Diego State University 5500 Campanile Dr San Diego92182 United States Structural Engineering Department University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr La Jolla CA92093 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Dr La Jolla CA92093 United States Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago ChicagoIL60607 United States NASA Ames Research Center Moffett FieldCA94035 United States

ISBN: (数字)9781624107238

ISBN: (纸本)9781624107238

Large-scale gradient-based Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) can aid in the exploration of high-dimensional design spaces for novel air vehicle concepts, thereby leading to more efficient and economic designs. This paper builds on past works where we demonstrated large-scale physics-based MDO capabilities and applied these to NASA’s lift-plus-cruise electric air taxi concept. We extend this comprehensive mid-fidelity system-level optimization problem with high(er)-fidelity subsystem-level optimizations of various aircraft systems and mission phases, with the aim of further enhancing the accuracy and scope of the aforementioned system-level optimization problem: 1) Power minimization during the transition mission phase;2) Electrical powertrain topology optimization;3) Cell chemistry modeling and thermomechanical battery pack topology optimization;4) Shell-based coupled aero-elastic wing structure optimization. An Analytical Target Cascading-like distributed MDO architecture allows us to couple the system- and subsystem-level optimizations in order to arrive at a consistent and feasible design. We find that the system-level design is most heavily impacted by the reduced battery pack-level energy densities that stem from power peaks in the mission profile. These power peaks seem to result from the inefficient lift rotor blade designs that are needed to satisfy noise constraints. We draw conclusions based on trends in our results and give recommendations for future MDO studies of electrical air taxi vehicle concepts. © 2025, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA. All rights reserved.

关键词： Shape optimization

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Unavoidable multilevel biaxial symmetry breaking in chiral hybrid liquid crystals

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Physical Review E 2025年第4期111卷 045410-045410页

作者： Jin-Sheng Wu Marina Torres Lázaro Souvik Ghosh Haridas Mundoor Henricus H. Wensink Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Laboratoire de Physique des Solides–UMR 8502 Université Paris-Saclay and CNRS 91405 Orsay France International Institute for Sustainability with Knotted Chiral Meta Matter Hiroshima University Higashihiroshima Japan Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Program and Soft Materials Research Center University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

Chiral nematic or cholesteric liquid crystals (LCs) are fluid mesophases with long-ranged orientational order featuring a quasilayered periodicity imparted by a helical director configuration but lacking long-range positional order. Doping molecular cholesteric LCs with strongly anisotropic uniaxial colloidal particles adds another level of complexity because of the interplay between weak surface-anchoring boundary conditions and bulk-based elastic distortions near the particle-LC interface. Using cylindrical colloidal disks and rods with different geometric shapes and surface conditions, we demonstrate that these colloidal inclusions generically exhibit biaxial orientational probability distributions which may impart anomalously strong local biaxiality onto the hybrid cholesteric LC structure. Unlike nonchiral hybrid molecular-colloidal LCs, where biaxial order emerges only at critical colloid volume fractions exceeding some uniaxial-biaxial transition value, the orientational probability of the colloidal inclusions immersed in chiral nematic hosts is unambiguously biaxial even at infinite dilution. We demonstrate that the colloids induce local biaxial perturbations within the molecular orientational order of the LC host medium which strongly enhances the weak but native biaxial order of chiral nematic LC induced by the chiral symmetry breaking of the director field. With the help of analytical modeling and computer simulations based on the Landau–de Gennes free energy of the host LC around the colloids, we rationalize the observed multilevel biaxial order and conclude that it is not only unavoidable but also strongly enhanced compared to both achiral hybrid LCs and purely molecular cholesteric LCs.

关键词： Cholesteric liquid crystals

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Composites of sodium manganese oxides with enhanced electrochemical performance for sodium-ion batteries: Tailoring properties via controlling microstructure

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science China(Technological sciences) 2016年第7期59卷 1042-1047页

作者： HUANG JiaJia LUO Jian Department of Nano Engineering Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California

Composites of Na_(0.44)Mn O_2, Na_(0.7)Mn O_(2.05), and Na_(0.91) Mn O_2 were synthesized by facile solid-state reaction, ball milling, and annealing methods. Two different composites of identical overall composition but drastically different morphologies and microstructures were synthesized. A composite of a hierarchical porous microstructure with primary and secondary particles(i.e., a "meatball-like" microstructure) achieved an excellent stable capacity of 126 m A h g^(-1) after 100 cycles. The rate capability of the composite could be dramatically enhanced by another round of high-energy ball milling and reannealing; subsequently, a composite that was made up of irregular rods was obtained, for which the capacity was improved by more than 230% to achieve ~53 m A h g^(-1) at a particularly high discharge rate of 50 C. This study demonstrated the feasibility of tailoring the electrochemical performance of electrode materials by simply changing their microstructures via facile ball milling and heat treatments, which can be particularly useful for optimizing composite electrodes for sodium-ion batteries.

关键词： sodium-ion battery cathode material composite electrode microstructure morphology

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