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Reduced erosion and its erosion reducing mechanism of gun propellants by octaphenylsilsesquioxane

材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第4期207卷 86-94页

作者： Taixin Liang Jiaxin Lu Fei Xiao Hua Guo Chunzhi Li Mukun He Baosheng Liu Zeinhom M.El-Bahy Nawaa Ali H.Alshammari Xin Liao Salah M.El-Bahy Zhongliang Xiao Zhanhu Guo School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co. LTDLuzhou 646000China School of Environment and Safety Engineering North University of ChinaTaiyuan 030051China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science and Technology School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co. LTDLuzhou 646000China College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of Science and TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceAl-Azhar UniversityNasr City 11884CairoEgypt Department of Chemistry Faculty of ScienceNorthern Border UniversityArar 73222Saudi Arabia School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science and TechnologyNanjing 210094China Department of Chemistry Turabah University CollegeTaif UniversityP.O.Box 11099Taif21944Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering and EnvironmentNorthumbria UniversityNewcastle Upon TyneNE1 8STUK

Low erosion high-energy propellant is one of the research directions to extend the weapon's life and improve the weapon's *** this study,energetic propellants containing different corrosion in-hibitors were designed and *** bomb tests and semi-confined bomb experiments were used to investigate the burning and erosion properties of the *** mechanism of erosion-reducing of titanium dioxide(titania,TiO2),talc,and octaphenylsilsesquioxane(OPS)on the propellant was com-paratively *** results show that OPS has the lowest burning rate and the longest burning time,and a minimized loss of fire force,with the best effect of explosion heat *** erosion reduction efficiency of OPS is twice that of TiO2 and *** mechanism analysis shows that the decomposition and heat absorption of OPS can effectively reduce the thermal erosion effect and carbon erosion,and the gas produced can reduce the loss of chamber pressure and form a uniformly distributed nano-SiO2 protective *** solid-state high-efficiency organosilicon erosion inhibitor is an important guide for designing high-energy low-erosion gun propellants.

关键词： Octaphenylsilsesquioxane Propellant Erosion inhibitors High efficiency

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Titanium nitride nanoparticles as plasmonic nanothermometers

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Optics Express 2025年第4期33卷 6758-6770页

作者： Sarabia-Alonso, Julio Aurelio Pasos, Emmanuel Vidales Belamkar, Aishwarya Wagner, Brandon Mangolini, Lorenzo Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Riverside 900 University Ave. RiversideCA92521 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside 900 University Ave. RiversideCA92521 United States

The capability of measuring the temperature at nanometer length scales is highly desirable and useful in numerous fields such as plasmonics, biomedicine, and nanochemistry. Precise and easy-to-implement temperature measurements at these scales would enable the investigation of fundamental processes that occur, for instance, during the synthesis of nanomaterials, or the conversion of electromagnetic energy into thermal one (photothermal conversion). Here, we demonstrate that titanium nitride nanoparticles are effective nanothermometers whose temperature can be measured optically in a reliable and reproducible manner. We leverage the Raman signal from these nanomaterials to measure their temperature, and we do so in two different ways: using the phononic signature induced by the presence of native oxide and using the electronic anti-stoke Raman signal induced by the free electrons in the material. Our findings confirm that titanium nitride nanoparticles, which are already an earth-abundant, low-cost alternative to gold nanoparticles, are also a versatile tool for nanothermometry. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Titanium nitride

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Recent advances in bio-integrated electrochemical sensors for neuroengineering

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 29-47页

作者： Shulin Chen Tzu-Li Liu Yizhen Jia Jinghua Li Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA Chronic Brain Injury Program The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA

Detecting and diagnosing neurological diseases in modern healthcare presents substantial challenges that directly impact patient *** complex nature of these conditions demands precise and quantitative monitoring of disease-associated biomarkers in a continuous,real-time *** chemical sensing strategies exhibit restricted clinical effectiveness due to labor-intensive laboratory analysis prerequisites,dependence on clinician expertise,and prolonged and recurrent ***-integrated electronics for chemical sensing is an emerging,multidisciplinary field enabled by rapid advances in electrical engineering,biosensing,materials science,analytical chemistry,and biomedical *** review presents an overview of recent progress in bio-integrated electrochemical sensors,with an emphasis on their relevance to neuroengineering and *** traverses vital neurological biomarkers and explores bio-recognition elements,sensing strategies,transducer designs,and wireless signal transmission *** integration of in vivo biochemical sensors is showcased through *** review concludes by outlining future trends and advancements in in vivo electrochemical sensing,and highlighting ongoing research and technological innovation,which aims to provide inspiring and practical instructions for future research.

关键词： Biochemical sensing Neuroengineering Bioimplants Analytical chemistry Bio-integrated electronics

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Metal-backboned polymer:concept,advance and perspective

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science China materials 2025年第1期68卷 105-109页

作者： Yifeng Zhang Kaiwen Zeng Huisheng Peng State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceInstitute of Fiber Materials and Devicesand Laboratory of Advanced MaterialsFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

materials are generally categorized as three main types of metal,non-metal and organic *** them,metal and organic polymers show opposite advantages and *** instance,a metal exhibits both high mechanical strength and electrical conductivity while both low flexibility and solution processibility;an organic polymer exhibits both high flexibility and solution processibility but with both low mechanical strength and electrical conductivity[1–4].Although a lot of efforts are made to synthesize metal/polymer composite materials to partly maintain advantages of each component[5–7],people have never thought that it is possible to achieve the advantages of both metal and polymer by synthesizing novel material with a single component.

关键词： polymer backbone conductivity

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Energy Transfer Mechanisms in Large Low-Bandgap Polymers from Time-Resolved Experiments and Nonadiabatic Molecular Dynamics Calculations

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Chemistry of materials 2025年第10期37卷 3769-3775页

作者： Phun, Gabriel S. Kern, Dana B. Sfeir, Matthew Y. Azoulay, Jason D. Wong, Bryan M. Department of Chemistry Department of Physics & Astronomy Materials Science & Engineering Program University of California-Riverside Riverside 92521 CA United States School of Chemistry and Biochemistry School of Materials Science and Engineering Center for Organic Photonics and Electronics Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta 30332 GA United States Materials Science Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden 80401 CO United States

Conjugated polymers offer unprecedented chemical tunability for modulating energy transfer in a multitude of infrared light applications. In this work, we use a combination of time-resolved spectroscopic experiments and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics calculations to probe the photochemistry and nonradiative transitions in a recently synthesized narrow bandgap donor-acceptor conjugated polymer based on alternating cyclopentadithiophene and electronegative benzothiadiazole heterocycles. Using large-scale semi-empirical nonadiabatic molecular dynamics, which can treat a large 260-atom hexamer, we calculate an S₅ → S₁ lifetime of 34.75 fs, which is consistent with our time-resolved spectroscopic data. Our simulations suggest that vibronic motions of the central carbons in the cyclopentadithiophene functional groups are predominantly involved in the nonradiative transitions, and the excitation becomes more localized on a monomer fragment over time. The combined use of time-resolved experiments and nonadiabatic molecular dynamics calculations in this work provides mechanistic insight into chemical functionalities that can be tuned to enhance energy transfer in other prospective low-bandgap polymer materials. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Spectroscopic analysis

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Enhanced dielectric properties of epoxy-based multilayer composite with highly-controlled distribution of 2D nanomatierals

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1027卷

作者： Lu, Tiancheng Lu, Tianyu Wang, Ziyun Li, Weizhen Song, Shiqiang Gan, Wenjun Department of Macromolecular Materials and Engineering School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai201620 China

Polymer-based dielectric materials are widely used in high-pulse electronic power systems to achieve energy storage and conversion. However, the miniaturization and high integration devices require for the advancement of polymer-based dielectrics with enhanced heat dissipation and energy density. Herein, sandwich-structured epoxy-based multilayer composite have been successfully achieved to explore the influence of morphological state of multiphase on thermal conductivity (TC) and dielectric properties. Dopamine-modified reduced graphene oxide (RGO@PDA) was introduced as 2D nanosheets to enhance the dielectric displacement, while, boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) were incorporated to improve the TC and preserve low dielectric loss of epoxy-based dielectrics. In addition, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) as outer layer was utilized to achieve high dielectric constant simultaneously. The resultant sandwich-structured PVEP-1.5 composite (with the central epoxy/polyetherimide (EP/PEI) layer and the outer PVDF layers) possessed an optimized high dielectric constant Ε’ of 24.1 and exhibited a maximum TC of 1.22 W·m−1K−1. The Ε’ was 6 times higher than EP/PEI single layer and 2.4 times higher than PVDF single layer, and the TC enhancement efficiency was up to 330 %. The breakdown strength (Eb) and energy storage density (Ue) of PVEP-1.5 reached 176 kV·mm−1 and 1.5 J·cm−3, respectively, representing a remarkable improvement over the pristine EP/PEI (Eb = 47.3 kV·mm−1 and Ue = 0.044 J·cm−3). The synergetic effect of multiphase morphology and the selective distribution 2D nanosheets presented great potential for the fabrication of epoxy-based multilayer composites with enhanced energy storage performance and superior heat dissipation property. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Nanosheets

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Quantum Interference in a Molecular Analog of the Crystalline Silicon Unit Cell

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Journal of the American Chemical Society 2025年第19期147卷 16602-16610页

作者： Hight, Matthew O. Pimentel, Ashley E. Siu, Timothy C. Wong, Joshua Y. Nguyen, Jennifer Carta, Veronica Su, Timothy A. Department of Chemistry University of California RiversideCA92506 United States Materials Science & Engineering Program University of California RiversideCA92506 United States

This manuscript describes the emergence of destructive σ-quantum interference (σ-DQI) in sila-adamantane, a molecule whose cluster core is isostructural with the crystalline silicon unit cell. To reveal these σ-DQI effects, we take a bridge-cutting approach where we conceptually pare sila-adamantane down to its bicyclic Si[3.3.1] and linear oligosilane forms. Scanning tunneling microscopy break-junction (STM-BJ) measurements reveal that conductance in single-molecule junctions of the tricyclic sila-adamantane is 2.7-times lower than their bicyclic Si[3.3.1] analog. The only structural difference between their cluster cores is a remote dimethylsilylene bridge that is present in sila-adamantane yet absent in Si[3.3.1]. Density functional theory calculations reveal that this dimethylsilylene enforces C3 symmetry at the sila-diamondoid bridgeheads, allowing each electrode to couple into the three cluster bridge dimensions equally. Though each bridge alignment is sterically equivalent, they have profound electronic differences: when electrodes align with the long branches of sila-adamantane, strong σ-DQI interactions occur between frontier molecular orbitals that suppress electronic transmission across the molecular junction. We exploit these alignment-dependent σ-DQI effects to create new forms of stereoelectronic conductance switches, where a reversible mechanical stimulus controls which pathway through the diamondoid framework the electrodes align through. This represents the first example of dynamic modulation of σ-DQI and enables us to achieve switching ratios (average on/off ∼5.6) higher than previously reported σ-stereoelectronic switches. These studies reveal how the innate dimensionality and symmetry of crystalline silicon influence charge transport at its most fundamental level, and how these principles can be harnessed to control quantum interference in single-molecule electronics. © 2025 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.

关键词： Molecular orbitals

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Effect of Sn addition on electrochemical activity of ribbons of Mg-Al-Ca anode material for rechargeable magnesium batteries fabricated by rapid solidification

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Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 2025年第1期75卷 9-13页

作者： Fukuta, Yoshitaka Kikura, Kensei Tsukeda, Tadayoshi Aida, Tetsuo Tabata, Hironobu Kurihara, Hideki Suzuki, Mayumi Program of Materials Science and Engineering Studies in Science and Engineering Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama 3190 Gofuku Toyama-shi Toyama930-8555 Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan Faculty of Sustainable Design Academic Assembly University of Toyama Toyama-shi Toyama Japan CHUETSU METAL WORKS CO. LTD. Nakaniikawagun Toyama Japan Saitama Industrial technology Center Kawaguchi-shi Saitama Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering Faculty of Engineering Toyama Prefectural University Imizu-shi Toyama Japan

Magnesium-based batteries are potential candidates for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to the divalent nature of magnesium cations and the natural abundance of magnesium resources. In this study, the electrochemical activity of Mg-6mass%Al-3mass%Ca anodes combined with Sn was investigated. Thin ribbons of the anode specimens were prepared by a single-roll rapid solidification method. The results showed that the electrochemical activity increased upon adding 1 mass% Sn, while it decreased for 3 mass% Sn. Based on the results of an X-ray diffraction analysis, the addition of Sn led to the formation of Mg2Sn and Ca2Sn phases, which increased the lattice distortion. Scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that these secondary phases were homogeneously distributed for 1 mass% Sn addition, while they were coarsely distributed for 3 mass% Sn. © 2025 The Japan Institute of Light Metals.

关键词： X ray diffraction analysis

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Femtosecond laser-induced KOH etching for in-volume microfluidic channels in corning EagleXG glass

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Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society 2025年 1-11页

作者： Choi, Kyeonggon Kim, Sung-Il Kim, Seung-Wook Park, Cheol-Woo Lee, Jae-Hyoung Chu, Baojin Kim, Hojong Jeong, Dae-Yong Program in Semiconductor Convergence Department of Materials Science and Engineering Inha University Incheon South Korea Corning Technology Center Korea Corning Precision Materials Asan South Korea Regional Leading Research Center for Smart Energy System Kyungpook National University Sangju South Korea School of Chemistry and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA United States

Conventional planar or two-dimensional (2D) microfluidic channels have traditionally been fabricated using polymer materials. Although these materials are widely applied across various fields, they exhibit significant limitations, including low throughput, restricted fluid flow rates, and limited particle-handling efficiency. In addition, polymer-based channels have issues such as low thermal and pressure tolerance, inadequate chemical resistance, and challenges with leakage and bonding integrity. In contrast, glass presents a promising alternative due to its superior optical properties, long-term stability, high temperature and chemical resistance, and minimal sample adsorption. However, the complexity of the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) fabrication processes has historically hindered the use of glass in microfluidics. In this study, we introduce a novel method for fabricating in-volume 3D microfluidic channels within glass substrates via selective laser-induced etching. Using a femtosecond laser with potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution, we etched the CORNING EagleXG glass substrate under various laser parameters to optimize etching conditions. Etching process was conducted at 100 °C with durations ranging from 6 to 42 h, producing channel lengths from 147.33 μm (6 h) to 556.66 μm (42 h) and channel diameters ranging from 11.15 μm to 49.72 μm, respectively. This study demonstrates the process parameters necessary for reliable 3D microfluidic channel fabrication in glass. The findings demonstrate an effective fabrication approach that significantly expands the potential applications of glass microfluidic channels, especially using EagleXG glass, marking a promising advancement in the field. © The Korean Ceramic Society 2025.

关键词： EagleXG glass Femtosecond laser KOH Microfluidic channel Selective laser-induced etching Wet etching

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Correction: materials laboratories of the future for alloys, amorphous, and composite materials (MRS Bulletin, (2025), 50, 2, (190-207), 10.1557/s43577-024-00846-y)

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MRS Bulletin 2025年 1-2页

作者： Banerjee, Sarbajit Meng, Y. Shirley Minor, Andrew M. Zhang, Minghao Zaluzec, Nestor J. Chan, Maria K.Y. Seidler, Gerald McComb, David W. Agar, Joshua Mukherjee, Partha P. Melot, Brent Chapman, Karena Guiton, Beth S. Klie, Robert F. McCue, Ian D. Voyles, Paul M. Robertson, Ian Li, Ling Chi, Miaofang Destino, Joel F. Devaraj, Arun Marquis, Emmanuelle A. Segre, Carlo U. Liu, Huinan H. Yang, Judith C. Momeni, Kasra Misra, Amit Abdolrahim, Niaz Medvedeva, Julia E. Cai, Wenjun Sehirlioglu, Alp Dizbay-Onat, Melike Mehta, Apurva Graham-Brady, Lori Maruyama, Benji Rajan, Krishna Warner, Jamie H. Taheri, Mitra L. Kalinin, Sergei V. Reeja-Jayan, B. Schwarz, Udo D. Simon, Sindee L. Brown, Craig M. Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science & Engineering Texas A & M University College Station United States Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Chicago Chicago United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of California Berkeley Berkeley United States National Center for Electron Microscopy Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley United States Center for Nanoscale Materials Argonne National Laboratory Lemont United States Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics Drexel University Philadelphia United States School of Mechanical Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette United States Department of Chemistry University of Southern California Los Angeles United States Department of Chemistry Stony Brook University The State University of New York Stony Brook United States Department of Chemistry University of Kentucky Lexington United States Department of Physics University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Bangladesh Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Wisconsin–Madison Madison United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia United States Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham United States Department of Chemistry Creighton University Omaha United States Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Michigan–Ann Arbor Ann Arbor United States Department of Physics Illinois Institute of Technology Chicago United States Department of Bioengineering and the Mater

This article was updated to correct Minghao Zhang’s affiliation from "Pritzker School of Molecular engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA" to "Pritzker School of Molecular engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, USA;Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, USA." Argonne National Laboratory was left off the original publication. © The Author(s) 2025.

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