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Magnesium vapor reduction of structured silica for lithium ion battery applications

Nordic Journal of Linguistics 2014年第1期1643卷 1-6页

作者： Cook, Rob Schrandt, Matthew Kolla, Praveen Rhine, Wendell Koodali, Ranjit Smirnova, Alevtina Zyvex Technologies Rapid City 57701 SD United States Materials Engineering and Science Program South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City 57701 SD United States Aspen Aerogels Northborough 01532 MA United States University of South Dakota Vermillion 57069 SD United States Department of Chemistry and Applied Biological Sciences South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Rapid City 57701 SD United States

Three types of silica materials with different morphology, specifically SiO2 hollow microspheres, mesoporous silica, and silica aerogel were tested as potential precursors for synthesis of silicon nano-and meso-structures that resemble the original morphology of the precursors. In the optimized magnesium thermal reduction process, magnesium vapor was delivered to silica surface through a stainless steel mesh placed on top of a zirconia boat filled with silica precursor. This approach allowed for better control of silicon nanostructure formation by minimizing reaction by-products that can affect performance of lithium ion battery anode. Material morphological properties of the reduced silica precursors are discussed in terms of X-ray diffraction, BET, BJH pore size distribution, Raman spectroscopy, and TGA. © 2014 materials Research Society.

关键词： Li Mg Si

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Two-dimensional skyrmions and other solitonic structures in confinement-frustrated chiral nematics

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Physical Review E 2014年第1期90卷 012505-012505页

作者： Paul J. Ackerman Rahul P. Trivedi Bohdan Senyuk Jao van de Lagemaat Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden Colorado 80401 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Liquid Crystal Materials Research Center and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We explore spatially localized solitonic configurations of a director field, generated using optical realignment and laser-induced heating, in frustrated chiral nematic liquid crystals confined between substrates with perpendicular surface anchoring. We demonstrate that, in addition to recently studied torons and Hopf-fibration solitonic structures (hopfions), one can generate a host of other axially symmetric stable and metastable director field configurations where local twist is matched to the surface boundary conditions through introduction of point defects and loops of singular and nonsingular disclinations. The experimentally demonstrated structures include the so-called “baby-skyrmions” in the form of double twist cylinders oriented perpendicular to the confining substrates where their double twist field configuration is matched to the perpendicular boundary conditions by loops of twist disclinations. We also generate complex textures with arbitrarily large skyrmion numbers. A simple back-of-the-envelope theoretical analysis based on free energy considerations and the nonpolar nature of chiral nematics provides insights into the long-term stability and diversity of these inter-related solitonic field configurations, including different types of torons, cholestric-finger loops, two-dimensional skyrmions, and more complex structures comprised of torons, hopfions, and various disclination loops that are experimentally observed in a confinement-frustrated chiral nematic system.

关键词： SKYRMIONS SOLITONS PARTICLES (Nuclear physics) -- Chirality BOUNDARY value problems SURFACE texture

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Correction: Photoinduced dynamics of a cyanine dye: parallel pathways of non-radiative deactivation involving multiple excited-state twisted transients

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Chemical science 2015年第5期6卷 3269页

作者： Srigokul Upadhyayula Vicente Nuñez Eli M Espinoza Jillian M Larsen Duoduo Bao Dewen Shi Jenny T Mac Bahman Anvari Valentine I Vullev Department of Bioengineering University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA . Email: vullev@ucr.edu. Department of Biochemistry University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA. Department of Chemistry University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA. Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/C4SC02881C.].

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Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with human ocular cells

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Chinese science Bulletin 2013年第19期58卷 2347-2353页

作者： YAN Lu LI GuoXing ZHANG Shu SUN Fei HUANG XiaoJie ZHANG Qian DAI LiMing LU Fan LIU Yong School of Ophthalmology & Optometry Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical College Institute of Advanced Materials for Nano-Bio Applications Wenzhou Medical College Center of Advanced Science and Engineering for Carbon (Case4Carbon) Department of Macromolecular Science and EngineeringCase Western Reserve University

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of plasma-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), including hydroxyl-MWCNTs (MWCNT-OH), carboxyl-MWCNTs (MWCNT-COOH) and pristine MWCNTs, with human ocular cells (e.g. retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells) have been studied in this work. The addition of MWCNT-based materials caused few change in cell morphology while the presence of MWCNTs was observed inside the cells using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), suggesting possibility of MWCNTs passing through the cell membranes without damaging cells. Cell viability measurements suggested that MWCNT-COOH exhibited better biocompatibility than other MWCNT materials studied in this work. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) release level was found to be less than 30% with all types of MWCNT-based materials. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation was visible but not severe with addition of nanotubes. A smaller oxidative stress level was obtained from MWCNT-COOH. Cell apoptosis was found to be less than 1.5% with addition of MWCNT-based materials. Particularly MWCNTs were found to be swallowed by cells and released by cells after 72 h without damaging cells, which may be considered as a potential vector for ocular genetic diseases. Plasma modification of MWCNTs particularly with-COOH was found to be an efficient way to improve ocular biocompatibility of MWCNTs, suggesting a fast and useful way to modify MWCNTs for applications in areas such as biology and biomedicine.

关键词：多壁碳纳米管细胞毒性遗传毒性人眼碳纳米管材料等离子体改性透射电子显微镜生物相容性

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Heteroepitaxial growth of ZnO nanosheet bands on ZnCo204 submicron rods toward high-performance Li ion battery electrodes

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Nano Research 2013年第5期6卷 348-355页

作者： Chan Woo Lee Seung-Deok Seo Dong Wook Kim Sangbaek Park Kyoungsuk Jin Dong-Wan Kim Kug Sun Hong DepartmentofMatefials Science andEngineering Seoul National University Seou1151-744 Korea WCU Hybrid Materials Program Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seou1151-744 Korea Department of Material Science and Engineering Ajou University Suwon 443-749 Korea Department of Chemistry Northwestern University 245 Sheridan Road Evanston IL 60208 USA

We report the direct synthesis of ZnC0204 and ZnO/ZnC0204 submicron rod arrays grown on Ni foil current collectors via an ammonia-evaporation-induced method by controlling the ratio of Zn to Co. These three-dimensional （3D） hierar- chical self-supported nanostructures are composed of one-dimensional （1D） ZnCo204 rods and two-dimensional （2D） ZnO nanosheet bands perpendicular to the axis of the each ZnCo204 rod. We carefully deal with the heteroepitaxial growth mechanisms of hexagonal ZnO nanosheets from a crystallographic point of view. Furthermore, we demonstrate the ability of these high-surface-area ZnO/ZnCo204 heterostructured rods to enable improved electrolyte permeability and Li ion transfer, thereby enhancing their Li storage capability （-900 mA.h.g-1 at a rate of 45 mA.h.g-1） for Li ion battery electrodes.

关键词： ZnCo204 submicron rods ZnO nanosheets hierarchicalheterostructure ammonia-evaporation-induced method Li ion battery

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11th German Conference on Chemoinformatics (GCC 2015) Abstracts

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JOURNAL OF CHEMINFORMATICS 2016年第SUPPL 1期8卷 1-27页

作者： [Anonymous] GDCh-CIC Division Associated Board Member Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften Trakehner Str. 7-9 60487 Frankfurt Germany. ufechner@beilstein-institut.de. Division Medicinal Chemistry Amsterdam Institute for Molecules Medicines and Systems (AIMMS) VU University Amsterdam The Netherlands. Centre for Bioinformatics Uni Hamburg Bundesstr. 43 20146 Hamburg Germany. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany. stefan.guessregen@***. Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH 65926 Frankfurt am Main Germany. GlaxoSmithKline Stevenage SG1 2NY UK. nicola.j.richmond@***. Discngine Paris 75011 France. Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Germany. marwin.segler@wwu.de. Organisch-Chemisches Institut Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster Germany. Bundeskriminalamt Wiesbaden Central Analytics II 65173 Wiesbaden Germany. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA. shea@chem.ucsb.edu. Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California Santa Barbara CA 93111 USA. Chemistry Department Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München Butenandtstr. 7 81377 Munich Germany. Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany. CAM-D Technologies Essen Germany. Institute for Bioinformatics and Chemoinformatics Westphalian University of Applied Sciences Recklinghausen Germany. Institute for Bioinformatics and Chemoinformatics Westphalian University of Applied Sciences Recklinghausen Germany. achim.zielesny@w-hs.de. Leiden University Leiden Netherlands. j.fraaije@chem.leidenuniv.nl. Culgi BV Berlin Germany. Physikalische Chemie III TU Dortmund 44227 Dortmund Germany. stefan.kast@tu-dortmund.de. Centre for Molecular Informatics Department of Chemistry University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW United Kingdom. kcb27@cam.ac.uk. Centre for Molecular Informatics Department of Chemistry

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Characterization of Modified Tapioca Starch in Atmospheric Argon Plasma under Diverse Humidity by FTIR Spectroscopy

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Chinese Physics Letters 2013年第1期30卷 215-218页

作者： P.Deeyai M.Suphantharika R.Wongsagonsup S.Dangtip Materials Science and Engineering Programme Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand Department of Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand Food Technology program Kanchanaburi CampusMahidol UniversityKanchanaburi71150Thailand Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceMahidol UniversityBangkok10400Thailand

Tapioca is economical crop grown in Thailand and continues to be one of the major sources of ***,tapioca starch has been widely used in industrial applications,however the native form of starch has limited the *** scientists try to modify the properties of starch for increasing the stability of the granules,pastes to low pH,heat,and shear during the food *** modify the tapioca starch by plasma treatment under an argon *** degree of modification is determined by following water content in the starch *** tablet samples of native starch are also prepared and compared with the plasma treated *** plasma treatment,the starch tablets are stored under three different relative humilities(RH)including 11%,68%,and 78%RH,*** samples are characterized using FTIR spectroscopy associated with the degree of *** results show that the water molecules are engulfed into the starch structure in two ways,a tight bond and a weak absorption of water molecules which is represented at two wave number of 1630 cm^(-1) and 3272 cm^(-1),*** degree of cross-linking can be identified from the relative intensity of these two peaks with the C–O–H peak at 993 cm^(-1).The results show that the degree of cross-linking increase in the plasma treated *** degree of cross-linking of the treated starch with high relative humidity is less than that of the treated starch with low relative humidity.

关键词： linking humidity Starch

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Shape-dependent dispersion and alignment of nonaggregating plasmonic gold nanoparticles in lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals

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Physical Review E 2014年第5期89卷 052505-052505页

作者： Qingkun Liu Jianwei Tang Yuan Zhang Angel Martinez Shaowei Wang Sailing He Timothy J. White Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 People's Republic of China Air Force Research Laboratory Materials and Manufacturing Directorate WPAFB OH USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering and Liquid Crystals Materials Research Center University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We use both lyotropic liquid crystals composed of prolate micelles and thermotropic liquid crystals made of rod-like molecules to uniformly disperse and unidirectionally align relatively large gold nanorods and other complex-shaped nanoparticles at high concentrations. We show that some of these ensuing self-assembled orientationally ordered soft matter systems exhibit polarization-dependent plasmonic properties with strongly pronounced molar extinction exceeding that previously achieved in self-assembled composites. The long-range unidirectional alignment of gold nanorods is mediated mainly by anisotropic surface anchoring interactions at the surfaces of gold nanoparticles. Polarization-sensitive absorption, scattering, and extinction are used to characterize orientations of nanorods and other nanoparticles. The experimentally measured unique optical properties of these composites, which stem from the collective plasmonic effect of the gold nanorods with long-range order in a liquid crystal matrix, are reproduced in computer simulations. A simple phenomenological model based on anisotropic surface interaction explains the alignment of gold nanorods dispersed in liquid crystals and the physical underpinnings behind our observations.

关键词： LYOTROPIC liquid crystals PLASMONS (Physics) GOLD nanoparticles MICELLES NANORODS COMPOSITE materials

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Phototronics: Enhanced Broad Band Photodetection through Piezo-Phototronic Effect in CdSe/ZnTe Core/Shell Nanowire Array (Adv. Electron. Mater. 4/2015)

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Advanced Electronic materials 2015年第4期1卷

作者： Satish C. Rai Kai Wang Jiajun Chen Jason K. Marmon Manish Bhatt Sarah Wozny Yong Zhang Weilie Zhou Advanced Materials Research Institute University of New Orleans New Orleans LA 70148 USA Nanoscale Science Ph.D. Program University of North Carolina Charlotte NC 28223 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering/Optoelectronic Center University of North Carolina Charlotte NC 28223 USA

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Effect of alloying additions on the solidification cracking susceptibility of high manganese steel weld metals

Effect of alloying additions on the solidification cracking ...

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23rd International Offshore and Polar engineering Conference, ISOPE 2013

作者： Sutton, Benjamin J. Lippold, John C. Department of Materials Science Engineering Welding Engineering Program Ohio State University ColumbusOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781880653999

Austenitic (FCC) high-Mn alloys are strong candidates for replacing current cryogenic materials used during the fabrication of liquefied natural gas (LNG) tanks, since they have comparable low temperature properties and are less expensive. Welding is a critical requirement for the fabrication of LNG tanks and, thus, the weldability of such alloys needs to be considered. The solidification cracking susceptibility of various high-Mn steels has been assessed. Cast Pin Tear Testing (CPTT), Single-Sensor Differential Thermal Analysis (SS-DTA™), Scheil solidification simulations, optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy have been used in this investigation. Results of both the solidification studies and weldability tests show that the phosphorus and carbon contents of these alloys have the strongest effect on solidification cracking susceptibility. Copyright © 2013 by the International Society of Offshore and Polar Engineers (ISOPE).

关键词： Liquefied natural gas

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