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作者： Jie Kong Thomas Schmalz G(u)nter Motz Axel H.E.Miiller Department of Applied Chemistry School of Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710 Ceramic Materials Engineering University of Bayreuth D-95440 Bayreuth Germany Macromolecular Chemistry.Ⅱ University of Bayreuth D-95440 Bayreuth Germany

We report the synthesis of versatile hyperbra nched ferrocene-containing poly(boro)carbosilanes (hb PBCS) via a convenient "A2 + B3" *** types of hb-PBCS are obtained by the hydrosilylation of 1,1′-bis(dimethylsilyl)ferrocene (A2) with trivinylmethylsilane (B3)followed by modification with 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane (9-BBN) and by the hydroboration of 1,1′-bis(dimethyl vinylsilyl)ferrocene (A2) with the borane-dimethyl sulfide complex (B3), *** exclusion chromatography (SEC) results demonstrate that the well-soluble hb-PBCS possess appreciable weight-average molecular weight (Mw SEC) up to 62 300 g/mol with the polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.95-4.51.

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INFLUENCE OF ZnSt_2 ON STRUCTURE OF ACRYLATE-BASED IONOMERS WITH DIFFERENT LANTHANIDE(La(Ⅲ)) ION AND ACID CONTENTS

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2012年第2期30卷 316-327页

作者：宋义虎郑强 MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization Department of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymeric Materials Guiyang 550025China

A series of acrylate processing aid （ACR）-based ionomers with different lanthanide （La（III）） ion and acid contents were synthesized, and the interaction between ionomer and zinc stearate （ZnSt2） was investigated immediately after thermally annealing the ionomer/ZnSt2 （3/1 in weight） mixtures at 180℃. The results revealed that the ion groups in ionomer have a strong interaction with ZnSt2. The annealed mixtures contained hot alcohol extractable and unextractable ZnSt2. The melting of ZnSt2 and the thermal behavior of the ionomer in the annealed mixtures were seriously influenced by the contents of La（III） and acid in the ionomers. The ionomer containing 0.25 rnmol/g acid and 0.37 mmol/g La（III） has a detectable cluster phase. Annealing its ZnSt2 mixture could break down the cluster phase and lower glass transition temperature of the ionomer matrix. However, washing away the extractable ZnSt2 led to the reappearance of the cluster transition temperature and return of the glass transition temperature of matrix to the original position.

关键词： Ionomer ZnSt2 Annealing.

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Modeling and simulation of the microalgae derived hydrogen process in compact photobioreactors

Modeling and simulation of the microalgae derived hydrogen p...

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IEEE Conference on Technologies for Sustainability

作者： J. V. C. Vargas D. A. Mitchell A. B. Mariano D. O. Correa J. C. Ordonez Graduate Program in Engineering and Materials Science PIPE and Sustainable Energy Research and Development Center NPDEAS Federal University of Parana Department of Mechanical Engineering Energy and Sustainability Center and Center for Advanced Power Systems Florida State University FSU

ISBN: (纸本)9781467346290

A general transient mathematical model for managing microalgae derived hydrogen production, with temperature dependence of the cultivation medium is developed. For that, the simplified physical model combines principles of classical thermodynamics, mass, species and heat transfer, resulting in a system of differential equations which are discretized in space using a three-dimensional cell-centered finite volume scheme. A Michaelis-Menten type expression is proposed for modeling the rate of H_2 production with dependence on O_2 inhibition. Tridimensional simulations are performed in order to determine the mass fractions distributions inside a compact photobioreactor (PBR), under different operating conditions. A relatively coarse mesh was used (6048 volume elements) to obtain converged results for a large compact PBR computational domain (5m×2m×8m). The largest computational time required for obtaining results was 560 s, i.e., less than 10 min. The numerical results for microalgal growth are validated by direct comparison to experimental measurements. Hydrogen production simulations are conducted to demonstrate PBR intermittent operation (aerobic and anaerobic stages) feasibility and adequate species evolution trends in an indirect biophotolysis approach. Therefore, after experimental validation for a particular H_2 production system, it is reasonable to state that the model could be used as an efficient tool for PBR systems thermal design, control and optimization for maximum H_2 production.

关键词： Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Scenedesmus sp. Photobioreactor architecture Early stage design tool

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Chapter green nanotechnology: Development of nanomaterials for environmental and energy applications

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ACS Symposium Series 2013年 1124卷 201-229页

作者： Han, Changseok Andersen, Joel Pillai, Suresh C. Fagan, Rachel Falaras, Polycarpos Byrne, J. Anthony Dunlop, Patrick S.M. Choi, Hyeok Jiang, Wenjun O'Shea, Kevin Dionysiou, Dionysios D. Environmental Engineering and Science Program University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221-0012 United States FOCAS Institute Dublin Institute of Technology Kevin St. Dublin 8 Ireland Division of Physical Chemistry Institute of Advanced Materials Physicochemical Processes Nanotechnology and Microsystems National Center for Scientific Research Demokritos 15310 Aghia Parakevi Attikis Athens Greece Nanotechnology and Integrated BioEngineering Centre School of Engineering University of Ulster Northern-Ireland BT37 0QB United Kingdom Department of Civil Engineering University of Texas at Arlington Arlington TX 76019-0308 United States Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Florida International University University Park Miami FL 33199 United States Nireas-International Water Research Centre University of Cyprus 20537 Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9780841227842

This book chapter discusses the syntheses of various nanomaterials, for green nanotechnology applications in detail. Special attention is given to the development of emerging areas, such as environmental as well as energy materials. Various approaches for preparing nanostructured photocatalysts, such as titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, and metal sulfides, different conventional methods and novel methods, including sol-gel methods, hydrothermal methods, microwave-assisted methods and sonochemical methods are introduced. The use of nanomaterials as photocatalysts, supporting materials for solar cells, and disinfectants is reported for environmental remediation and energy applications. Advanced applications of nanomaterials for water detoxification, air purification, and the inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms in water as well as dye-sensitized solar cells is also discussed. The enhancement of selectivity of photocatalysis, especially TiO2 systems, for the destruction of target contaminants in water is comprehensively presented. Finally, the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radical (•OH), superoxide anion radical (O2•-), singlet oxygen (1O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), in semiconductor photocatalysis is introduced and various experimental techniques to detect ROS are also discussed. © 2013 American Chemical Society.

关键词： Nanostructured materials

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Origin of Overstretching Transitions in Single-Stranded Nucleic Acids

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Physical Review Letters 2013年第18期111卷 188302-188302页

作者： Zackary N. Scholl Mahir Rabbi David Lee Laura Manson Hanna S-Gracz Piotr E. Marszalek Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Center for Biologically Inspired Materials and Material Systems Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27708 USA

We combined single-molecule force spectroscopy with nuclear magnetic resonance measurements and molecular mechanics simulations to examine overstretching transitions in single-stranded nucleic acids. In single-stranded DNA and single-stranded RNA there is a low-force transition that involves unwinding of the helical structure, along with base unstacking. We determined that the high-force transition that occurs in polydeoxyadenylic acid single-stranded DNA is caused by the cooperative forced flipping of the dihedral angle formed between four atoms, O5’-C5’-C4’-C3’ (γ torsion), in the nucleic acid backbone within the canonical B-type helix. The γ torsion also flips under force in A-type helices, where the helix is shorter and wider as compared to the B-type helix, but this transition is less cooperative than in the B type and does not generate a high-force plateau in the force spectrums of A-type helices. We find that a similar high-force transition can be induced in polyadenylic acid single-stranded RNA by urea, presumably due to disrupting the intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the backbone. We hypothesize that a pronounced high-force transition observed for B-type helices of double stranded DNA also involves a cooperative flip of the γ torsion. These observations suggest new fundamental relationships between the canonical structures of single-and double-stranded DNA and the mechanism of their molecular elasticity.

关键词： NUCLEAR magnetic resonance spectroscopy SINGLE-stranded DNA NUCLEOTIDE sequence DEOXYRIBOSE ATOMIC force microscopy

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Rotational and translational diffusion of anisotropic gold nanoparticles in liquid crystals controlled by varying surface anchoring

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Physical Review E 2013年第6期88卷 062507-062507页

作者： Bohdan Senyuk David Glugla Ivan I. Smalyukh Department of Physics University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Liquid Crystals Materials Research Center and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory and University of Colorado at Boulder Boulder Colorado 80309 USA

We study translational and rotational diffusion of anisotropic gold nanoparticles (NPs) dispersed in the bulk of a nematic liquid crystal fluid host. Experimental data reveal strong anisotropy of translational diffusion with respect to the uniform far-field director, which is dependent on shape and surface functionalization of colloids as well as on their ground-state alignment. For example, elongated NPs aligned parallel to the far-field director translationally diffuse more rapidly along the director whereas diffusion of NPs oriented normal to the director is faster in the direction perpendicular to it while they are also undergoing elasticity-constrained rotational diffusion. To understand physical origins of these rich diffusion properties of anisotropic nanocolloids in uniaxially anisotropic nematic fluid media, we compare them to diffusion of prolate and oblate ellipsoidal particles in isotropic fluids as well as to diffusion of shape-isotropic particles in nematic fluids. We also show that surface functionalization of NPs with photosensitive azobenzene groups allows for in situ control of their diffusivity through trans-cis isomerization that changes surface anchoring.

关键词： ANISOTROPY GOLD nanoparticles ROTATIONAL diffusion COLLOIDAL dispersions NEMATIC liquid crystals COLLOIDS AZOBENZENE

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Self-Oscillating Structural Polymer Gels

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Advances in Nanoparticles 2013年第2期2卷 94-98页

作者： Srinivasa R. Pullela Qingsheng Wang Zhengdong Cheng Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station USA Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station USA Materials Science and Engineering Program Texas A&M University College Station USA Department of Fire Protection & Safety Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA School of Chemical Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA

self-oscillating polymer gel has become a distinguished class of smart soft materials. Here we fabricated and demonstrated a self-oscillating structural gel network with the incorporation of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction. The structural polymer gel oscillates at a macroscopic level with remarkably faster kinetics compared to a normal gel of similar chemical compositions. The structural polymer gel also displays larger oscillating amplitude compared to the normal gel because of the increased diffusion of fluids surrounding the gel particles. This type of structural polymer gels can be harnessed to provide novel and feasible applications in a wide variety of fields, such as drug delivery, nanopatterning, chemical and biosensing, and photonic crystals.

关键词： Structural Gel Belousov-Zhabotinsky Reaction Self-Oscillation Poly-(N-isopropylacrylamide) Fast Response

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Propagation of Rarefaction Pulses in Discrete materials with Strain-Softening Behavior

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Physical Review Letters 2013年第14期110卷 144101-144101页

作者： E. B. Herbold V. F. Nesterenko Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory L-286 P.O. Box 808 Livermore California 94550 USA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California at San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0411 USA Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California at San Diego La Jolla California 92093-0418 USA

We report on the dynamic behavior of strongly nonlinear discrete materials with anomalous strain-softening behavior. Rarefaction solitary waves found in numerical calculations agree well with the exact solution to the continuum wave equation. Compression pulses generated by impact quickly disintegrate into a leading rarefaction solitary wave followed by an oscillatory wave train containing localized excitations. Such behavior is favorable for metamaterials design of shock absorption layers as well as tunable information transmission lines for scrambling of acoustic information.

关键词： SOLITONS WAVE equation OSCILLATING chemical reactions ELECTRIC lines AUDITORY adaptation

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Photonic crystal biosensor with in-situ synthesized DNA probes for enhanced sensitivity

Photonic crystal biosensor with in-situ synthesized DNA prob...

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IEEE Photonics Conference (IPC)

作者： S. Hu Y. Zhao S. T. Retterer I. I. Kravchenko S. M. Weiss Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN USA

We report on a nearly 8-fold increase in multi-hole defect photonic crystal biosensor response by incorporating insitu synthesis of DNA probes, as compared to the conventional functionalization method employing pre-sy... 详细信息

关键词： Probes Biosensors Photonic crystals DNA Optical surface waves Magnetohydrodynamics Silicon

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Nanotechnology enabled drug delivery systems for bone and cartilage regeneration

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Recent Patents on Biomedical engineering 2012年第1期5卷 51-56页

作者： Lock, Jaclyn Liu, Huinan Department of Bioengineering Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 United States

Current advancement in nanotechnology created novel solutions to improve drug delivery and enhance the efficacy of therapeutics for tissue regeneration and disease treatment. Nanomaterials can be designed and fabricated to have biomimetic characteristics and unique properties for controlling cellular functions (e.g. cell adhesion and stem cell differentiation) and delivering therapeutics more effectively. Different nanomaterials, including nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanospheres, and nanocomposites, are highlighted with key examples of in vitro and in vivo work. Specifically for bone regeneration, the use of nano-phase hydroxyapatite has received increased interest as it is naturally present in bone and has osteoinductive properties. Additionally, the use of nanotubes and nanofibers loaded with chondroprotective agents are utilized for cartilage regeneration. In addition to scaffold design, the use of different drugs (e.g. antibiotics, peptides, proteins, and growth factors) and their delivery rate are discussed. This review focuses on nanotechnology enabled innovative patents for targeted drug delivery to specific tissues (i.e. bone and cartilage) and prolonged multi-phase drug release. © 2012 Bentham science Publishers.

关键词： Tissue regeneration

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