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Entropy engineering Activates Cu-Fe Inertia Center From Prussian Blue Analogs With Micro-Strains for Oxygen Electrocatalysis in Zn-Air Batteries

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Carbon Energy 2025年第5期7卷 130-139页

作者： Han Man Guanyu Chen Fengmei Wang Jiafeng Ruan Yihao Liu Yang Liu Fang Fang Renchao Che Department of Materials Science Fudan University Laboratory of Advanced Materials Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials Academy for Engineering & Technology Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education of China Fudan University Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan University

By the random distribution of metals in a single phase, entropy engineering is applied to construct dense neighboring active centers with diverse electronic and geometric structures, realizing the continuous optimization of multiple primary reactions for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER). Many catalysts developed through entropy engineering have been built in nearly equimolar ratios to pursue high entropy, hindering the identification of the active sites and potentially diluting the concentration of real active sites while weakening their electronic interactions with reaction intermediates. Herein,this work proposes an entropy-engineering strategy in metal nanoparticle-embedded nitrogen carbon electrocatalysts, implemented by entropy-engineered Prussian blue analogs(PBA) as precursors to enhance the catalytic activity of primary Cu-Fe active sites. Through the introduction of the micro-strains driven by entropy engineering, density functional theory(DFT)calculations and geometric phase analysis(GPA) using Lorentz electron microscopy further elucidate the optimization of the adsorption/desorption of intermediates. Furthermore, the multi-dimensional morphology and the size diminishment of the nanocrystals serve to expand the electrochemical area, maximizing the catalytic activity for both ORR and OER. Notably, the Zn-air battery assembled with CuFeCoNiZn-NC operated for over 1300 h with negligible decay. This work presents a paradigm for the design of low-cost electrocatalysts with entropy engineering for multi-step reactions.

关键词： Prussian blue analog strains transition metal-based catalyst zinc-air battery

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Application of high-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy to investigate non-metallic inclusions in steel:a review

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第2期32卷 334-352页

作者： N.Preisser Y.Wang J.Cejka I.Gruber W.Mu S.K.Michelic Christian Doppler Laboratory for Inclusion Metallurgy in Advanced Steelmaking Montanuniversitaet LeobenLeoben8700Austria Engineering Materials Department of Engineering Science and MathematicsLuleåUniversity of TechnologyLuleå97187Sweden Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm10044Sweden

High-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy(HT-CSLM)is a potent methodology for investigating various phenomena in the field of *** applied to the observation of solid phase transformations and solidification,this method has gained traction in the field of non-metallic inclusion in steels in recent *** overview of the experimental capabilities of HT-CSLM and the most important results of recent investigations regarding the topics of clean steel production are *** includes the formation of intragranular acicular ferrite(IAF)from the surface of non-metallic inclusions during the continuous cooling and heat treatment,which can be especially beneficial in the toughness of heat-affected zones of welded ***,the investigation of agglomeration mechanisms of non-metallic inclusions(NMIs)in liquid steel is discussed to improve the insight into attraction forces between particles and clogging phenomena during continuous ***,the dissolution of NMIs in various steelmaking slags can be observed by HT-CSLM to compare dissolution rates and mechanisms of NMI,where significant influences of temperature and chemical composition of the slag were *** but not least,the experimental work regarding the interface between steel and slag is discussed,where novel techniques are currently being developed.A comprehensive summary of experimental techniques using HT-CSLM equipment to investigate different interactions of NMIs with steel and slag phases is compiled.

关键词： Non-metallic inclusion Steel High-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy Interfacial phenomenon Kinetics

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Segregation behaviors in{101^(-)1}compressive twin boundaries of Mg-RE alloy under deformation at room temperature

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第1期13卷 330-337页

作者： Yujie Cui Lili Guo Yunwei Gui Kenta Aoyagi Haotian Tong Qinqin Wei Fangzhou Liu Yuichiro Hayasaka Akihiko Chiba Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing(MOE) University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Beijing Laboratory of Metallic Materials and Processing for Modern Transportation Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University2-1-1 KatahiraAoba-kuSendaiMiyagi 980-8577Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University5988 Renmin StreetChangchunJilin 130025China School of Materials Science and Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China The Electron Microscopy Center Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan

Solute atoms and precipitates significantly influence the mechanical properties of Mg *** studies have mainly focused on the segregation behaviors of Mg alloys after *** this study,we investigated the segregation behaviors of an Mg-RE alloy under *** found that the enrichment of solute atoms occurred in{101^(-)1}compressive twin boundaries under compression at 298 K without any annealing in an Mg-RE alloy by scanning transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray *** segregated solutes and precipitates impeded the twin growth,partially contributing to the formation of small-sized{101^(-)1}compressive *** research indicates the twin boundaries can be strengthened by segregated solutes and precipitates formed under deformation at room temperature.

关键词： Magnesium alloys Compression test Scanning/transmission electron microscopy(STEM) Segregation Twin boundaries

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Structural Difference in the Core-forming Block Reshapes RAFT-mediated Polymerization-induced Self-assembly

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Chinese Journal of Polymer science 2025年第3期43卷 429-438页

作者： Yue-Xi Zhan Li Zhang Chun Feng Jian-Bo Tan Department of Polymeric Materials and Engineering School of Materials and EnergyGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter Guangzhou 510006China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai 200237China

Polymerization-induced self-assembly(PISA)has become one of the most versatile approaches for scalable preparation of linear block copolymer nanoparticles with various ***,the controlled introduction of branching into the core-forming block and the effect on the morphologies of block copolymer nanoparticles under PISA conditions have rarely been ***,a series of multifunctional macromolecular chain transfer agents(macro-CTAs)were first synthesized by a two-step green light-activated photoiniferter polymerization using two types of chain transfer monomers(CTMs).These macro-CTAs were then used to mediate reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT)dispersion polymerization of styrene(St)to prepare block copolymers with different core-forming block structures and the *** effect of the core-forming block structure on the morphology of block copolymer nanoparticles was investigated in *** electron microscopy(TEM)analysis indicated that the brush-like core-forming block structure facilitated the formation of higher-order morphologies,while the branched core-forming block structure favored the formation of lower-order ***,it was found that using macroCTAs with a shorter length also promoted the formation of higher-order ***,structures of block copolymers and the assemblies were further controlled by changing the structure of macro-CTA or using a binary mixture of two different *** expect that this work not only sheds light on the synthesis of block copolymer nanoparticles but also provide important mechanistic insights into PISA of nonlinear block copolymers.

关键词： Polymerization-induced self-assembly RAFT polymerization Block copolymer nanoparticles Branched structure

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Ultra-high-temperature application of MXene: Stabilization of 2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) for cross-scale strengthening and toughening of 3D TiC

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Lu Liu Guobing Ying Quanguo Jiang Dong Wen Peng Wang Meng Wu Ziying Ji Yongting Zheng Xiang Wang Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of Mechanics and MaterialsHohai UniversityNanjing 211100China Key Laboratory of Superlight Materials&Surface Technology Ministry of EducationHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China Center for Composite Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001China

Transition metal carbide/nitride cores within MXenes make them considerably useful for ultra-high-temperature ***,extensive research on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene has revealed its tendency to undergo a phase transition to TiCy at temperatures above 800℃due to high activity of a superficial Ti atomic ***,spark plasma sintering of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) and TiC is performed to prevent the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) phase transition at temperatures up to 1900℃through the fabrication of composites at a pressure of 50 *** a focused ion beam scanning electron microscope to separate layered substances in the composites and examining selected area diffraction spots in a transmission electron microscope enabled identification of non-phase-transitioned ***-principles calculations based on density functional theory indicated the formation of strong chemical bonding interfaces between Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) and TiC,which imposed a stability constraint on the Ti atomic layer at the Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) *** performance tests,such as three-point bending and fracture toughness analysis,demonstrated that the addition of Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) can effectively improve the cross-scale strengthening and toughening of the TiC matrix,providing a new path for designing and developing two-dimensional(2D)carbides cross-scale-enhanced three-dimensional(3D)carbides with the same elements relying on a wide variety of MXenes.

关键词： MXene ultra-high-temperature phase stability interface bonding cross-scale strengthening and toughening structural ceramic composites

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Regulation of cryogenic mechanical behaviors of C-added non-equiatomic CoCrFeNiMo ferrous medium-entropy alloy via control of initial microstructure

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材料科学技术（英文版） 2025年第5期208卷 141-151页

作者： Ji Yeong Lee Hyeonseok Kwon Jae Heung Lee Jihye Kwon Jaemin Wang Jae Wung Bae Jongun Moon Byeong-Joo Lee Yoon-Uk Heo Hyoung Seop Kim Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Department of Metallurgical Engineering Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Center for Advanced Powder Materials and PartsKongju National UniversityCheonanChungnam31080Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang37673Republic of Korea Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology77 Cheongam-RoNam-GuPohang 37673Republic of Korea Advanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul03722Republic of Korea

This study demonstrated the potential for customizing the desired properties of the Co18.5Cr12Fe55Ni9Mo3.5C2(at.％)ferrous medium-entropy alloy by manipulating the deformation-induced martensite transformation(DIMT)behavior at liquid nitrogen *** was achieved by modify-ing various initial microstructures through annealing at temperatures ranging from 900 to 1200 ℃.The variations in DIMT kinetics were analyzed based on two main factors.(1)Inducing carbide precipitation by annealing at 900 and 1000 ℃ results in changes in the composition within the matrix,which may affect the stability of the face-centered cubic *** with a higher volume fraction of the carbide precipitates exhibit lower ΔGFCC→BCC and faster DIMT kinetics.(2)The onset and kinetics of DIMT are also affected by the use of martensite nucleation sites,which may vary depending on the presence of non-recrystallized regions or the grain *** fine-grained structures,martensite primarily nucleated in the non-recrystallized regions and grain ***,in coarse-grained microstructures,martensite mainly nucleated along the in-grain shear bands and their *** precise control of the microstructure results in superior *** samples annealed at 900 and 1000 ℃ with carbide precipitates and fine grains exhibit ultrahigh ultimate tensile strength,which may reach elevated values up to～1.8 GPa,while those annealed at 1100 and 1200 ℃ with larger grains and no precipitates exhibit a uniform elongation that exceeds 100％.

关键词： Ferrous medium-entropy alloy Deformation-induced martensitic transformation Microstructures Phase stability Precipitation

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Robust dioxin-linked metallophthalocyanine tbo topology covalent organic frameworks and their photocatalytic properties

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National science Review 2025年第1期12卷 132-145页

作者： Yucheng Jin Qianjun Zhi Hailong Wang Xiaoning Zhan Dongdong Qi Baoqiu Yu Xu Ding Tianying Wang Heyuan Liu Mingxue Tang Jie Liu Jianzhuang Jiang Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing School of Materials Science and Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research

Constructing 3D functional covalent organic frameworks（COFs） with both robust linkage and planar macro cycle building blocks still remains a challenge due to the difficulty in adjusting both the crystallinity and the dominant 2D *** addition,it is also challenging to selectively convert inert C（sp3）-H bonds into value-added ***,robust 3D COFs,USTB-28-M（M=Co,Ni,Cu）,have been polymerized from the nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction of D3h-symmetric2,3,6,7,14,15-hex ahydroxyltriptycene with D4h-symmetric hexadecafluorophthalocyanine(MPcF16) under solvothermal *** chemically stable dioxin-linked COFs show isostructural tbo topology made up of three kinds of polyhedron subunits,exhibiting high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface areas of≤1477 *** particular,the multiple polyhedron subunits in USTB-28-M could trap N-hydroxyphthalimide at their corners for easily forming stable phthalimide-N-oxyl radicals under visible-light *** generated radicals efficiently promote the aerobic oxidation of alkyl benzenes with an inert C（sp3）-H bond into various *** the three investigated COFs,the USTB-28-Co radical initiator exhibits the best photocatalytic oxidation activity,converting ethylbenzene into acetophenone with a turnover frequency of 63 h-1,which is much higher than those of the monomer CoPcF16(8 h-1) and 2D dioxin-linked counterparts(13 h-1).This is due to the much prolonged lifetime of the excited state for USTB-28-Co based on the femtosecond transient absorption *** present work not only presents 3D functional COFs with robust connection and permanent porosity,but also illustrates the uniqueness of porous structures of 3D COFs for high-performance photocatalysis.

关键词： covalent organic frameworks robust connection topology photocatalysis trapping effect

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Tailoring Dynamic Surface Reconstruction on Nickel Oxalate for Enhanced Hydrogen Production and Zinc–Ethanol–Air Battery

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Carbon Energy 2025年第4期7卷 181-192页

作者： Yong Beom Kim Sangwoo Kim Yeongtaek Hong Jeongah Lee Hainan Sun WooChul Jung Research Institute of Advanced Materials Seoul National University Platform Technology Research Center LG Chem Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong University

Substituting the sluggish oxygen evolution reaction with a more thermodynamically favorable ethanol oxidation reaction(EOR)offers an opportunity to circumvent the efficiency loss in water splitting and metal-air batteries. However, the effect of the dynamic surface evolution of the catalyst in operating conditions on the activity of EOR lacks comprehensive ***, we demonstrate a tunable operational catalyst activity through the modulated redox property of nickel oxalate(NCO) by establishing a relation between the oxidation behavior of Ni, surface reconstruction, and catalyst activity. We propose a repeated chemical–electrochemical reaction mechanism of EOR on NCO, which is rigorously investigated through a combination of operando Raman and nuclear magnetic resonance. The modulation of the oxidation trend of Ni by doping heteroatoms stimulates the electrochemical oxidation of the catalyst surface to NiOOH, which alters the catalyst activity for EOR. Assembled ethanol-assisted water electrolysis cell exhibits a reduced operating voltage for hydrogen production by 200 mV with a ～100% Faradaic efficiency, and zinc–ethanol–air battery showed a 287 mV decreased charge–discharge voltage window and enhanced stability for over 500 h.

关键词： 3d-transition metal biomass upgrading ethanol oxidation reaction surface reconstruction zinc–ethanol–air battery

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Fabrication of dense SiBCN monolith at a lower temperature and its high-temperature performance

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Journal of advanced Ceramics 2024年第8期13卷 1198-1211页

作者： Zi-Bo Niu Daxin Li Dechang Jia Zhihua Yang Kunpeng Lin Yan Wang Paolo Colombo Ralf Riedel Yu Zhou Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural-Function Integrated Materials and Green Manufacturing Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150080China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150080China Department of Industrial Engineering University of PadovaPadova 3513iItaly Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity Park 16802USA Institute of Materials Science Darmstadt University of TechnologyDarmstadt 64287Germany School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China

In this study,a crack-free pyrolysis process of partially cured precursor powder compacts was developed to prepare dense silicon boron carbonitride(SiBCN)monoliths at much lower temperatures(1300℃),thereby circumventing the challenges of sintering densification(>1800℃).Unlike the elastic fracture in over-cured precursors or the viscoelastic deformation in under-cured precursors,the partially cured precursor,exhibiting elastic-plastic deformation behavior,facilitates limited nanoscale pore formation in a dense structure,achieving a balance between crack-free pyrolysis and *** to SiBCN derived from the over-cured precursor(σ=~159 MPa,K_(IC)=1.9 MPa:m^(1/2),Vickers hardness(HV)=7.8 GPa,and E=122 GPa),the resulting SiBCN monolith exhibited significantly improved mechanical properties(σ=~304 MPa,K_(IC)=3.7 MPa-m12,HV=10.6 GPa,and E=161 GPa)and oxidation *** addition,this study investigated the high-temperature performance of SiBCN monoliths,including crystallization and oxidation,and determined the oxidation kinetics induced by pore structure healing and the different oxidation mechanisms of Si-C-N and B-C-N clusters in the amorphous *** to its unique composition and structure,the SiBCN ceramic oxide layer exhibits exceptional self-healing effects on repairing the nanoporous system in the initial stage and shows outstanding high-temperature stability during prolonged oxidation,mitigating adverse effects from bubble formation and *** to the nanoporous structure,the oxidation rate is initially controlled by gas diffusion following a linear law before transitioning to oxide layer diffusion characterized by a parabolic ***,due to different valence bond configurations,Si-C-N transforms into an amorphous SiCNO structure after phase separation,unlike the nucleation and growth of residual B-N-C.

关键词： silicon boron carbonitride(SiBCN)ceramics crack-free pyrolysis amorphous structure oxidation mechanisms kinetic law

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Enhanced strength-ductility synergy in a gradient pseudo-precipitates heterostructured Al-2.5%Mg alloy:Design,fabrication,and deformation mechanism

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Journal of materials science & technology 2024年第29期196卷 88-100页

作者： Renhao Wu Yeon Taek Choi Qingfeng Wu Xinxi Liu Dayong An Tianle Li Meng Li Hyoung Seop Kim Department of Plasticity Technology School of Materials Science&EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200030China Graduate Institute of Ferrous&Eco Materials Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology37673South Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)37673South Korea School of Materials Science&Engineering Changsha University of Science&TechnologyChangsha 410114China Advanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722South Korea

Heterostructures of alloyed composites,comprising heterogeneous domains with dramatically different constitutive properties,hold remarkable potential to expand the realm of material design systems and resolve the tradeoffbetween strength and *** study introduces an innovative materials design method for synthesizing gradient pseudo-precipitates heterostructure(GPHS)in non-heat-treatable Al-2.5%Mg *** cost-effective mild steel as both the diffusion source and protective layer,this heterostructure is achieved through pin-less friction stir-assisted cyclic localized deformation *** Fe atoms diffuse across the interface by friction stir-induced heat conduction,forming Fe-Al second-phase particles in the Al alloy matrix.A rapid inter-diffusion mechanism is activated in conjunction with dense dislocation walls,grain boundaries,and sub-structures,resulting in the formation of *** pseudo-precipitates are ultimately dispersed in a gradient distribution throughout the entire thickness of the Al alloy matrix induced by localized incremental *** GPHSed Al-2.5%Mg alloy exhibits an enhanced synergy of strength and ductility,with a uniform elongation increase from 11%to 21.2%,while maintaining the *** strengthening and hardening mechanisms,such as solid solution strengthening,dislocation hardening,and second phase strengthening,work synergistically to promote mechanical ***,the hetero-deformation between hard pseudo-precipitates and soft Al alloy matrix induces additional strain hardening,leading to high *** work provides a fresh perspective on the design and fabrication of high-performance alloys with advanced heterostructures,especially for non-heat-treatable alloys.

关键词： Gradient pseudo-precipitates heterostructure Enhanced strength-ductility synergy Rapid diffusion Hetero-deformation induced strain hardening Al-2.5%Mg alloy

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