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Crystal field magnetostriction of spin ice under ultrahigh magnetic fields

Physical Review B 2024年第21期110卷 214414-214414页

作者： Nan Tang Masaki Gen Martin Rotter Huiyuan Man Kazuyuki Matsuhira Akira Matsuo Koichi Kindo Akihiko Ikeda Yasuhiro H. Matsuda Experimental Physics VI Center for Electronic Correlations and Magnetism University of Augsburg 86159 Augsburg Germany Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba 277-8581 Japan McPhase Project 01159 Dresden Germany Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials Stanford University California 94305 USA Faculty of Engineering Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu Fukuoka 804-8550 Japan Department of Engineering Science University of Electro-Communications Chofu Tokyo 182-8585 Japan

We present a comprehensive study of the magnetoelastic properties of the Ising pyrochlore oxide Ho2Ti2O7, known as spin ice, by means of high-field magnetostriction measurements and numerical calculations. When a magnetic field is applied along the crystallographic 〈111〉 axis, the longitudinal magnetostriction exhibits a broad maximum in the low-field regime around 30 T, followed by a dramatic lattice contraction due to crystal-field (CF) level crossing at Bcf∼65 T. The transverse magnetostriction exhibits a contrasting behavior, highlighting the anisotropic nature of the CF striction. By applying a magnetic field at varying sweep rates, we identify distinct timescales of spin dynamics that are relevant to monopole formation and annihilation, as well as CF-phonon dynamics. Our mean-field calculations, based on a point-charge model, successfully reproduce the overall magnetostriction behavior, revealing the competition between the exchange striction and CF striction. A signature of the CF level crossing is also observed through adiabatic magnetocaloric-effect measurements, consistent with our magnetostriction data.

关键词： Crystal field excitations Elasticity High magnetic fields Lattice dynamics Magnetostriction Spin dynamics Spin-phonon coupling Rare-earth magnetic materials Single crystal materials Spin ice Mean field theory

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Highly Sensitive and Stable Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing Based on Nanostructure-Gated Organic Electrochemical Transistors with Self-Ph Calibration

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Cheng, Huanyu Meng, Ke Zhu, Jia Zhang, Tianyao Zhang, Xianzhe Zhang, Yingying Chen, Xiangjie Li, Fan Tong, Yao Zhang, Senhao Qiu, Donghai Yang, Hongbo Liu, Shangbin Yin, Lan Zhao, Rui Huang, Libin Li, Tao Gao, Min Pan, Taisong Yang, Jian Lin, Yuan State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center China School of Material and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China University of Electronics Science and Technology of China Quzhou324000 China Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology Chinese Academy of Science Suzhou215011 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Department of Gastroenterology West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu610041 China Research Center for Industries of the Future Biomedical Engineering Program School of Engineering Westlake University Zhejiang Hangzhou310030 China Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center University of Electronics Science and Technology of China Chengdu610054 China

Non-invasive, real-time, and continuous monitoring of the trace amount of glucose in near-neutral biofluids is significant for the daily care and treatment of diabetic patients or people with suboptimal health status. Despite improved sensing performance with novel low-dimensional materials or porous structures in various enzymatic and non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensors, they still suffer from high cost, poor long-term stability, and performance fluctuations in varied temperature and pH. This work synergistically combines an Au-modified porous laser-induced graphene (LIG) gate electrode with an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) to create a flexible non-enzymatic glucose sensor. The resulting OECT-based non-enzymatic glucose sensor exhibits significantly enhanced sensitivity in near-neutral biofluids, the limit of detection (LOD) (0.08 μM in pH=7.4), excellent stability over time (degradation of ~10% in 180 days) and against temperature changes (30 °C - 40 °C), self-pH calibration capabilities, and uncompromised sensing performance with shrinking sizes. The highly consistent laser patterning technique and in situ galvanic reduction process for electrode modifications not only provide a simple yet versatile approach to creating low-cost, compact sensing platforms for precise and real-time sweat glucose measurements, but also support scalable production, allowing the correlation study of key biomarkers in sweat and blood. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Coated wire electrodes

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Doping evolution of superconductivity, charge order, and band topology in hole-doped topological kagome superconductors Cs(V1−xTix)3Sb5

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Physical Review materials 2023年第6期7卷 064801-064801页

作者： Yixuan Liu Yuan Wang Yongqing Cai Zhanyang Hao Xiao-Ming Ma Le Wang Cai Liu Jian Chen Liang Zhou Jinhua Wang Shanmin Wang Hongtao He Yi Liu Shengtao Cui Bing Huang Jianfeng Wang Chaoyu Chen Jia-Wei Mei Shenzhen Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China International Quantum Academy and Shenzhen Branch Hefei National Laboratory Futian District Shenzhen 518048 China National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230029 China Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100193 China School of Physics Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China

The newly discovered kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A=K, Rb, Cs) exhibit superconductivity, charge order, and band topology simultaneously. To explore the intricate interplay between the superconducting and charge-density-wave (CDW) orders, we investigate the doping evolution of underlying electronic structures in doped topological kagome superconductors Cs(V1−xTix)3Sb5 where the Ti dopant introduces hole-like charge carriers. Despite the absence of the CDW phase transition in doped compounds even for the lowest doping level of x=0.047, the superconductivity survives in all doped samples with enhanced critical temperatures. The high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements reveal that the Ti dopant in the kagome plane lowers the chemical potential, pushing the van Hove singularity (VHS) at M point above the Fermi level. First-principle simulations corroborate the doping evolution of the band structure observed in ARPES, and affirm that the CDW instability does not occur once the VHS moves above the Fermi level, explaining the absence of the CDW ordering in our doped samples Cs(V1−xTix)3Sb5. Our results also demonstrate a competition between the CDW and superconducting orders in the kagome-metal superconductor CsV3Sb5, although the superconductivity is likely inconsequential of the CDW order.

关键词： Charge density waves Specific heat van Hove singularity Kagome lattice Superconductors Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy Magnetization measurements Resistivity measurements

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Reliable Synthesis of Large-Area Monolayer WS2 Single Crystals, Films, and Heterostructures with Extraordinary Photoluminescence Induced by Water Intercalation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zhang, Qianhui Lu, Jianfeng Wang, Ziyu Dai, Zhigao Zhang, Yupeng Huang, Fuzhi Bao, Qiaoliang Duan, Wenhui Fuhrer, Michael S. Zheng, Changxi Department of Civil Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia School of Chemistry Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia Department of Material Science and Engineering Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia State Key Lab of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China Monash Centre for Atomically Thin Materials Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia Monash University ClaytonVIC3800 Australia

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) hold great potential for future low-energy optoelectronics owing to their unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is the technique widely used for the synthesis of large-area TMDs. However, due to high sensitivity to the growth environment, reliable synthesis of monolayer TMDs via CVD remains challenging. Here we develop a controllable CVD process for large-area synthesis of monolayer WS2 crystals, films, and in-plane graphene-WS2 heterostructures by cleaning the reaction tube with hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and aqua regia. The concise cleaning process can remove the residual contaminates attached to the CVD reaction tube and crucibles, reducing the nucleation density but enhancing the diffusion length of WS2 species. The photoluminescence (PL) mappings of a WS2 single crystal and film reveal that the extraordinary PL around the edges of a triangular single crystal is induced by ambient water intercalation at the WS2-sapphire interface. The extraordinary PL can be controlled by the choice of substrates with different wettabilities. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical vapor deposition

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Boosting the Efficiency and Mechanical Stability of Organic Solar Cells Through a Polymer Acceptor by Reducing the Elastic Modulus

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advanced Energy materials 2025年

作者： Wang, Yan Yu, Han Zhao, Dan Liu, Wei Liu, Baoze Wu, Xin Gao, Danpeng Zhang, Dong Zhang, Shoufeng Sun, Xianglang Zhang, Chunlei Zhao, Chaoyue Fu, Yuchen Song, Wei Gong, Shaokuan Fu, Yuang Kwok, Chung Hang Ge, Ziyi Lu, Xinhui Chen, Xihan Xiao, Shuang Wong, Wai-Yeung Chai, Yu Yan, He Zhu, Zonglong Department of Chemistry City University of Hong Kong Kowloon999077 Hong Kong Department of Chemistry Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional Materials Energy Institute and Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration & Reconstruction Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon999077 Hong Kong Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology and Research Institute for Smart Energy The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom 999077 Hong Kong Hong Kong University of Science and Technology-Shenzhen Research Institute No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD Hi-tech Park Nanshan Guangdong Shenzhen518057 China School of Automation Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Sichuan Chengdu611731 China Department of Physics City University of Hong Kong Kowloon999077 Hong Kong Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology & Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo315201 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Robotics and Flexible Manufacturing Systems SUSTech Energy Institute for Carbon Neutrality Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology Guangdong Shenzhen518055 China Department of Physics The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin999077 Hong Kong Center for Advanced Material Diagnostic Technology and College of Engineering Physics Shenzhen Technology University Guangdong Shenzhen518118 China Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518057 China

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are regarded as one of the most promising flexible power sources due to their lightweight and flexible properties, with the improvement of photovoltaic and mechanical performance. To improve the current density and power conversion efficiency (PCE), mPh4F-TS (TS) and PYSe2F-T (PA) are introduced into the binary host, PM6/mPh4F-TT (PM6/TT) as third components. It is demonstrated that the corresponding ternary devices, in both rigid and flexible devices, achieved superior efficiencies (19.6%/17.7% for PM6/TT+TS, and 19.2%/17.4% for PM6/TT+PA) outperform the binary counterparts (18.3%/16.4%). However, distinct differences in mechanical performance are observed between the polymer acceptor (PA) and small-molecular acceptor (TS). The PM6/TT+PA significantly improved the mechanical stability of flexible devices with a lower elastic modulus of 3.6 GPa, while the PM6/TT+TS resulted in the opposite effect with a higher elastic modulus of 5.5 GPa. Through in-depth investigation, a clear correlation between the elastic modulus, crack density, and mechanical stability of the active layer blends is successfully established, revealing the key role of reducing the elastic modulus in enhancing the mechanical stability of flexible OSCs. This study provides important guidance for the development of flexible photovoltaic devices with both high efficiency and mechanical robustness. © 2025 The Author(s). advanced Energy materials published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Organic solar cells

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Two-step electronic response to magnetic ordering in a van der Waals ferromagnet

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Physical Review B 2024年第4期109卷 045416-045416页

作者： Han Wu Jian-Xin Zhu Lebing Chen Matthew W. Butcher Ziqin Yue Dongsheng Yuan Yu He Ji Seop Oh Bin Gao Jianwei Huang Shan Wu Cheng Gong Yucheng Guo Sung-Kwan Mo Jonathan Denlinger Donghui Lu Makoto Hashimoto Matthew B. Stone Alexander I. Kolesnikov Songxue Chi Junichiro Kono Andriy H. Nevidomskyy Robert J. Birgeneau Pengcheng Dai Ming Yi Department of Physics and Astronomy and Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Theoretical Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos New Mexico 87545 USA Department of Physics University of California at Berkeley Berkeley California 94720 USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06511 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Quantum Technology Center University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Material Science and Nanoengineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA

The two-dimensional material Cr2Ge2Te6 is a member of the class of insulating van der Waals (vdW) magnets. Here, using high resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy in a detailed temperature dependence study, we identify a clear response of the electronic structure to a dimensional crossover in the form of two distinct temperature scales marking onsets of modifications in the electronic structure. Specifically, we observe Te p-orbital-dominated bands to undergo changes at the Curie transition temperature TC while the Cr d-orbital-dominated bands begin evolving at a higher temperature scale. Combined with neutron scattering, density functional theory calculations, and Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the electronic system can be consistently understood to respond sequentially to the distinct temperatures at which in-plane and out-of-plane spin correlations exceed a characteristic length scale. Our findings reveal the sensitivity of the orbital-selective electronic structure for probing the dynamical evolution of local moment correlations in vdW insulating magnets.

关键词： Electronic structure Magnetic order Magnetic phase transitions Van der Waals systems Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

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A Perspective on Ferrons

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Bauer, G.E.W. Tang, P. Iguchi, R. Xiao, J. Shen, K. Zhong, Z. Yu, T. Rezende, S.M. Heremans, J.P. Uchida, K. WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research and CSRN Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Sendai980-8577 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Sendai980-8577 Japan Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing10090 China National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba305-0047 Japan Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Center for Advanced Quantum Studies Department of Physics Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Ningbo315201 China China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Pernambuco Recife50670-901 Brazil Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Sendai980-8577 Japan

The duality between electric and magnetic dipoles in electromagnetism only partly applies to condensed matter. In particular, the elementary excitations of the magnetic and ferroelectric orders, namely magnons and ferrons, respectively, have received asymmetric attention from the condensed matter community in the past. In this perspective, we introduce and summarize the current state of the budding field of"ferronics" and speculate about its potential applications in thermal, information, and communication technology. © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

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Classification of topological phases in one dimensional interacting non-Hermitian systems and emergent unitarity

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science Bulletin 2021年第17期66卷 1731-1739,M0003页

作者： Wenjie Xi Zhi-Hao Zhang Zheng-Cheng Gu Wei-Qiang Chen Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Devices Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Department of Physics The Chinese Uinversity of Hong KongHong KongChina

Topological phases in non-Hermitian systems have become fascinating subjects *** this paper,we attempt to classify topological phases in 1D interacting non-Hermitian *** begin with the non-Hermitian generalization of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(SSH)model and discuss its many-body topological Berry phase,which is well defined for all interacting quasi-Hermitian systems(non-Hermitian systems that have real energy spectrum).We then demonstrate that the classification of topological phases for quasi-Hermitian systems is exactly the same as their Hermitian ***,we construct the fixed point partition function for generic 1D interacting non-Hermitian local systems and find that the fixed point partition function still has a one-to-one correspondence to their Hermitian ***,we conclude that the classification of topological phases for generic 1D interacting non-Hermitian systems is still exactly the same as Hermitian systems.

关键词： Symmetry protected topological states Topological quantum field theory Non-Hermitian systems Strongly correlated systems

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Scientific Machine Learning Framework to Understand Flash Graphene Synthesis

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Sattari, Kianoosh Eddy, Lucas Beckham, Jacob L. Wyss, Kevin M. Byfield, Richard Qian, Long Tour, James M. Lin, Jian Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri ColumbiaMO65211 United States Department of Chemistry 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Program Smalley-Curl Institute 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Computer Science and Engineering NanoCarbon Center The Welch Institute for Advanced Materials Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States

Flash Joule heating (FJH) is a far-from-equilibrium (FFE) processing method for converting low-value carbon-based materials to flash graphene (FG). Despite its promise in scalability and performance, attempts to explore the reaction mechanism have been limited due to complexity involved in the FFE process. Data-driven machine learning (ML) models effectively account for this complexity, but the model training requires considerable amount of experimental data. To tackle this challenge, we constructed a scientific ML (SML) framework trained by using both direct processing variables and indirect, physics-informed variables to predict the FG yield. The indirect variables include current-derived features (final current, maximum current, and charge density) predicted from the proxy ML models and reaction temperatures simulated from multi-physics modeling. With the combined indirect features, the final ML model achieves an average R2 score of 0.81 ± 0.05 and an average RMSE of 12.1% ± 2.0% in predicting the FG yield, which is significantly higher than the model trained without them (R2 of 0.73 ± 0.05 and an RMSE of 14.3% ± 2.0%). Feature importance analysis validates the key roles of these indirect features in determining the reaction outcome. These results illustrate the promise of this SML to elucidate FFE material synthesis outcomes, thus paving a new avenue to processing other datasets from the materials systems involving the same or different FFE processes. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Jun Zheng,Minghui Wei,Siyi Quan,Yicheng Feng,Peng Wen State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,People’s Republic of China

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Superconductivity 2022年第3期 1-38页

作者： Zili Zhang Judith MacManus-Driscoll Hongli Suo Qiuliang Wang Institute of Electrical Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Cambridge Department Materials Science&Metallurgy27 Charles Babbage RdCambridge CB30FSUnited Kingdom Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials Ministry of EducationFaculty of Materials and ManufacturingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100022China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

This review paper summarizes and analyses the current literature on the synthesis of dense MgB_(2) bulk with high density and by both the modified solid reaction method and the Mg infiltration ***_(2) bulk shows Telsa‐level magnetic field‐trapping ability in small volumes(1–5 cm^(3))at 15–20 K,which is beneficial for multiple applications,particularly where light weighting is *** review also compares the properties of MgB_(2) to rare earth barium cuprate bulk magnets and NbTi solenoid magnets and discuess potential applications such as magnetic lenses,compact NMR,and magnetic shielding.

关键词： MgB_(2) High density bulk Mg infiltration Trapped field Superconducting connectivity

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