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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhu, Yunxuan Cui, Longji Abbasi, Mahdiyeh Natelson, Douglas Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Paul M. Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Atomic sized plasmonic tunnel junctions are of fundamental interest, with great promise as the smallest on-chip light sources in various optoelectronic applications. Several mechanisms of light emission in electrically driven plasmonic tunnel junctions have been proposed, from single-electron or higher order multi-electron inelastic tunneling to recombination from a steady-state population of hot carriers. By progressively altering the tunneling conductance of an aluminum junction, we tune the dominant light emission mechanism through these possibilities for the first time, finding quantitative agreement with theory in each regime. Improved plasmonic resonances in the energy range of interest increase photon yields by two orders of magnitude. These results demonstrate that the dominant emission mechanism is set by a combination of tunneling rate, hot carrier relaxation timescales, and junction plasmonic properties. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tunnel junctions

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Long-and short-range orders in 10-component compositionally complex ceramics

Advanced Powder Materials

引用

Advanced Powder materials 2023年第2期2卷 70-81页

作者： Dawei Zhang Yan Chen Heidy Vega Tianshi Feng Dunji Yu Michelle Everett Joerg Neuefeind Ke An Renkun Chen Jian Luo Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak Ridge 38731USA Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of Mechanical&Aerospace Engineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA Department of NanoEngineering University of California San DiegoLa Jolla 92093USA

Neutron diffraction and total scattering are combined to investigate a series of single-phase 10-component compositionally complexﬂuorite-based oxides,[(Pr_(0.375)Nd_(0.375)Yb_(0.25))2(Ti_(0.5)Hf_(0.25)Zr_(0.25))_(2)O_(7)]_(1-x)[(DyHoErNb)O_(7)]_(x),denoted as 10CCFBOxNb.A long-range order-disorder transition(ODT)occurs at x=0.81±0.01 from the ordered pyrochlore to disordered defectﬂ*** contrast to ternary oxides,this ODT occurs abruptly without an observable two-phase region;moreover,the phase stability in 10CCFBOs deviates from the well-established criteria for simpler *** reﬁnements of neutron diffraction patterns suggest that this ODT occurs via the migration of oxygen anions from the position 48f to 8a,with a smallﬁnal jump at the ODT;however,the 8a oxygen occupancy changes gradually(without an observable discontinuous jump).We further discover diffuse scattering in Nb-rich compositions,which suggests the presence of short-range *** small-box modelling,four compositions near ODT(x=0.75,0.8,0.85,and 1)can be betterﬁtted by C2221 weberite ordering for the local polyhedral structure at ***,10CCFBO_(0.75)Nb and 10CCFBO_(0.8)Nb possess both long-range pyrochlore order and short-range weberite-type order,which can be understood from severe local distortion of the pyrochlore polyhedral ***,weberite-type short-range order emerges before the ODT,coexisting and interacting with long-range pyrochlore *** the ODT,the long-range pyrochlore order vanishes but the short-range weberite-type order persists in the long-range disordered defectﬂuorite ***,a drop in the thermal conductivity coincides with emergence of the short-range order,instead of the long-range ODT.

关键词： Neutron diffraction Neutron total scattering Order-disorder transition Short-range order High-entropy ceramics Compositionally complex ceramics

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Gamma-Ray Spectra of Post-Irradiated Uranium Salt for Total Mass Accounting with a Sodium-22 Tracer

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Van Zile, Matthew Herminghuysen, Kevin Kauffman, Andrew White, Susan Kandlakunta, Praneeth Li, Shelly Simpson, Michael Cao, Lei R. Nuclear Engineering Program Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Ohio State University 201 W. 19th Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States Nuclear Reactor Laboratory College of Engineering The Ohio State University 1298 Kinnear Rd. ColumbusOH43212 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering University of Utah 122 S. Central Campus Drive #304 Salt Lake CityUT84112-0056 United States

In order to meet the safeguard requirements for Nuclear Material Control and Accountability (MC&A) in liquid- fueled molten salt reactors, fuel salt transportation, and fuel cycle processes, it is important to develop effective methods for measuring and monitoring the mass of molten fuel salt or coolant salt. This paper seeks to validate the radioactive tracer dilution (RTD) method used for determining the mass of irradiated uranium-bearing molten salt. Small scale testing was conducted for this method by irradiating 6.065 g of MgCl-KCl-UCl3 salt mixture with 1.21 mg of 235 U at The Ohio State University, resulting in a neutron fluence of 4.0x1016 cm2 . Gamma spectra were acquired over the course of a 42-day period to assess fission products and activity levels of the 22 Na tracer that was added before irradiation. No additional interference peaks were observed to overlap with the 1274.54 keV energy peak from 22 Na, aside from the known 154 Eu peaks, which can be corrected based on prior studies. By placing a thin piece of lead between the source and detector, deadtime was effectively reduced while still allowing observation of the higher-energy peaks, most notably around the 154 Eu peak at 1004.73 keV used for interference correction. Overall, the uranium salt irradiation techniques applied in this experiment demonstrate the potential of the RTD method to effectively measure small irradiated samples for large scale molten fuel salt applications. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fission products

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Catharanthus roseus-mediated CuAl2O4 nanocomposites for evaluation of killing kinetics

引用

Chemosphere 2024年 359卷 142369页

作者： Potbhare, Ajay K. Yerpude, Sachin Daddemal-Chaudhary, Ankita R. Lambat, Ashish Mondal, Aniruddha Dadure, Kanhaiya M. Rai, Alok R. Abdala, Ahmed Chaudhary, Ratiram G. Department of Chemistry S. K. Porwal College of Arts and Science and Commerce Kamptee441001 India Department of Microbiology S. K. Porwal College of Arts and Science and Commerce Kamptee441001 India Lady Amritabai Daga College for Women of Arts Commerce and Science Nagpur440010 India Post Graduate Teaching Department of Botany RTM Nagpur University Nagpur440033 India Department of Biology Sevadal Mahila Mahavidyalaya Nagpur India Division of Materials Science Lulea University of Technology Lulea97187 Sweden Department of Chemistry Bajaj College of Science Wardha India Chemical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Doha Qatar

The present article portrayed on the killing kinetic of human pathogenic bacteria using bioinspired mesoporous CuAl2O4 nanocomposites (NCs). The NCs was fabricated using leaf extract of medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus (CR) as a green reducer and stabilizer. As bio-fabricated material was calcined at 800 °C and characterized by several analytical techniques like X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to authenticate its structure, phase, chemical bonding, chemical state, size and morphology behaviors. XRD and TEM revealed a reduced crystallite and nanoscale sizes of biosynthesized NCs. Moreover, XRD study exposed a cubic-structure of material, while transmission electron microscopy rendered an average particles size in range 10–15 nm. However, BET profile advocates a mesoporous nature of the particles. An effective biological molecular docking modulation assessed by substituting natural inhibitor by bioinspired NCs, while the protein PDB ID 4Z8D FabH as a receptor site for the present investigation. After assessment of molecular docking examination, the antibacterial activity of bioinspired NCs were performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtillis, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli using agar-well method. The broth culture method was employed on different pathogenic strains by kinetic growth assays and colony forming unit. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Nanocomposites

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Rheological, Mechanical, and Microscopic Properties of Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced-Geopolymer Concrete for Additive Manufacturing

SSRN

引用

SSRN 2023年

作者： Masoud, Laith Hammoud, Ahmad Mortada, Youssef Masad, Eyad Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar J. Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University 575 Ross Street College StationTX77843 United States

This study focuses on developing fiber-reinforced geopolymer concrete (GPC) for 3D printing, utilizing construction waste materials and polypropylene fibers. The GPC, reinforced with 0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.2% polypropylene fibers, underwent comprehensive testing, including rheological, mechanical, and microstructural analyses for lab-cast and 3D-printed samples. Results indicate that the 0.8% polypropylene fibers enhance flexural and tensile strengths by 8.2% and 71.7%, respectively, albeit decreasing compressive strength by 26.2%. Higher polypropylene percentages led to adverse effects. Microscopic analysis revealed voids and signs of incomplete hydration. The study emphasizes optimizing water content, using longer polypropylene fibers and highlights GPC’s suitability for 3D-printing structural components. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Polypropylenes

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Ortho-positronium Lifetime For Soft-tissue Classification

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Avachat, Ashish V. Mahmoud, Kholod H. Leja, Anthony G. Xu, Jiajie J. Anastasio, Mark A. Sivaguru, Mayandi Di Fulvio, Angela Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh United States Department of Bioengineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Nuclear Plasma and Radiological Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Department of Clinical Medicine University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Animal Care Program University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States Cytometry and Microscopy to Omics Facility Roy J Carver Biotechnology Center University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States

The objective of this work is to showcase the ortho-positronium lifetime as a probe for soft-tissue characterization. We employed positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy to experimentally measure the three components of the positron annihilation lifetime-para-positronium (p-Ps), positron, and ortho-positronium (o-Ps)-for three types of porcine, non-fixated soft tissues ex vivo: adipose, hepatic, and muscle. Then, we benchmarked our measurements with X-ray phase-contrast imaging, which is the current state-of-the-art for soft-tissue analysis. We found that the o-Ps lifetime in adipose tissues (2.54 }0.12 ns) was approximately 20% longer than in hepatic (2.04 }0.09 ns) and muscle (2.03 }0.12 ns) tissues. In addition, the separation between the measurements for adipose tissue and the other tissues was better from o-Ps lifetime measurement than from X-ray phase-contrast imaging. This experimental study proved that the o-Ps lifetime is a viable non-invasive probe for characterizing and classifying the different soft tissues. Specifically, o-Ps lifetime as a soft-tissue characterization probe had a strong sensitivity to the lipid content that can be potentially implemented in commercial positron emission tomography scanners that feature list-mode data acquisition. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Probes

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Snake-scale stimulated robust biomimetic composite triboelectric layer for energy harvesting and smart health monitoring

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Nano Energy 2024年 122卷

作者： Huang, Ming-Zheng Parashar, Parag Chen, An-Rong Shi, Shih-Chen Tseng, Yao-Hsuan Lim, Kee Chin Yeh, Hsuan-Yu Pal, Arnab Kang, Dun-Yen Lin, Zong-Hong Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan International Intercollegiate Ph.D. Program National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Power Mechanical Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Internet of Senses Research Center National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan

Extreme frictional wear of triboelectric layers severely hinders long-term sustainability of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for efficient ambient energy harvesting. The state-of-the-art solutions necessitate sophisticated structural designs and complex packaging constraints, impeding the feasibility of TENGs for practical applications. Herein, inspired by the structures and compositions of snake scales, a biomimetic composite (BC) film is fabricated as a wear-resistant triboelectric contact layer. The successful formation of disulfide bond-facilitated cross-linkage of cysteine proteins in the keratin-based BC film promotes excellent mechanical resilience and durability, thereby solving the material abrasion challenges associated with solid-solid triboelectric layers. The BC film, with toothed microstructure, exhibits improved charge transfer, low friction, and consistent long-term stable outputs compared to commercial films. Furthermore, a self-powered BC film-based TENG is integrated into a bicycle for biomechanical energy harvesting, lightening warning signals for safer night ride with stable 300 V electrical output for at least 6 h. Moreover, a smart health monitoring system is further proposed by embedding TENG-based sensors into the bicycle saddle, accurately capturing the rider's pelvic-saddle interactions on varying terrain slopes. By leveraging the unique biomechanical information, machine learning-assisted user identification and terrain slope data classifications are achieved with high accuracies, laying a foundation for futuristic smart healthcare applications. This work provides a strategy to reduce material abrasion by exploiting the unique characteristics of a biomimetic material, facilitating a basis for efficient environmental energy harvesting and smart sensing. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biomechanical energy harvesting Biomimetic Smart healthcare Snake-scales Triboelectric nanogenerator Wear resistance

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Antibiofilm and immunomodulatory resorbable nanofibrous filing for dental pulp regenerative procedures

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Bioactive materials 2022年第10期7卷 173-186页

作者： Mauricio Gonçalves da Costa Sousa Gabriela Conceiçao de Almeida Danilo Cesar Martins Mota Rosiane Andrade da Costa Simoni Campos Dias Samuel Nunes Limberger Frank Ko Li Ting Lin Evan FHaney Hashem Etayash Beverlie Baquir Michael J.Trimble Ya Shen Zheng Su Markus Haapasalo Daniel Pletzer Letícia Chaves de Souza Glaucia Schuindt Teixeira Renato M.Silva Robert E.W.Hancock Octavio Luiz Franco Taia Maria Berto Rezende Post-Graduation Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Catholic University of BrasíliaBrasíliaBrazil Dentistry Course Catholic University of BrasíliaBrasíliaBrazil Post-Graduation Program in Health Sciences University of BrasíliaBrazil LIMA Chemistry InstituteUniversity of Brasília-UNBBrasíliaBrazil Animal Biology Department Campus Darcy RibeiroUniversidade de BrasíliaBrazil Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Applied ScienceUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences Faculty of DentistryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada Department of Microbiology and Immunology University of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand Department of Endodontics School of DentistryUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonUSA Department of Prosthesis Faculty of DentistryRio de Janeiro State UniversityRio de JaneiroBrazil Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology Catholic University Dom BoscoCampo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil

Multifunctional scaffolds with host defense peptides designed for regenerative endodontics are desirable nanobiotechnological tools for ***,different scaffolds were tested for use during the pulp revascularization process,including poly(vinyl alcohol)-PVA hydrogels or resins,collagen hydrogels and poly(vinyl alcohol)PVA/Chitosan(PVA/CS)*** on time to degradation(21 days),nanofibers were chosen to be incorporated with ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002(each at 50 mg/g).Nanofibers containing ciprofloxacin and IDR-1002 had anti-biofilm activity against Enterococcus faecalis,Staphylococcus aureus and a multispecies oral biofilm,besides anti-inflammatory *** in vivo subcutaneous tissue response to tooth fragments filled with nanofibers demonstrated a pulp-like tissue formation,when compared to empty teeth ***,we designed a strong antimicrobial,immunomodulatory and regenerative candidate for pulp revascularization and regeneration procedures.

关键词： Regenerative endodontics Scaffolds Nanofibers Host defense peptides Ciprofloxacin IDR-1002

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Conditional Generative Modeling for Amorphous Multi-Element materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Honglin Liu, Chuhao Guo, Yongfeng Luo, Xiaoshan Chen, Yijie Liu, Guangsheng Li, Yu Wang, Ruoyu Wang, Zhenyu Wu, Jianzhuo Ma, Cheng Xie, Zhuohang Lv, Jian Ding, Yufei Zhang, Huabin Luo, Jian Zhong, Zhicheng Li, Mufan Wang, Yanchao Li, Wan-Lu Key Laboratory of Material Simulation Methods and Software Ministry of Education College of Physics Jilin University Changchun China Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Institute of Molecular Engineering Plus College of Chemistry Fuzhou University Fuzhou China College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Beijing China School of Physics Nankai University Tianjin China Institute of Modern Physics Fudan University Shanghai China Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou215123 China International Center of Future Science Jilin University Changchun China Department of Computer Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA United States Center for Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies Physical Science and Engineering Division King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia Suzhou Lab Suzhou215123 China

Amorphous multi-element materials offer unprecedented tunability in composition and properties, yet their rational design remains challenging due to the lack of predictive structure-property relationships and the vast configurational space. Traditional modeling struggles to capture the intricate short-range order that dictates their stability and functionality. We here introduce ApolloX, a pioneering predictive framework for amorphous multi-element materials, establishing a new paradigm by integrating physics-informed generative modeling with particle swarm optimization, using chemical short-range order as an explicit constraint. By systematically navigating the disordered energy landscape, ApolloX enables the targeted design of thermodynamically stable amorphous configurations. It accurately predicts atomic-scale arrangements, including composition-driven metal clustering and amorphization trends, which are well-validated by experiments, while also guiding synthesis by leveraging sluggish diffusion to control elemental distribution and disorder. The resulting structural evolution, governed by composition, directly impacts catalytic performance, leading to improved activity and stability with increasing amorphization. This predictive-experimental synergy transforms the discovery of amorphous materials, unlocking new frontiers in catalysis, energy storage, and functional disordered systems. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Amorphization

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Understanding Complex Magnetic Spin Textures with Simulation-Assisted Lorentz Transmission Electron Microscopy

引用

Physical Review Applied 2021年第4期15卷 044025-044025页

作者： Arthur R.C. McCray Timothy Cote Yue Li Amanda K. Petford-Long Charudatta Phatak Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Applied Physics Program Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA

There is an increased interest in topologically nontrivial magnetic spin textures such as skyrmions and chiral domain-wall solitons, both from a point of fundamental physics understanding as well as potential technological interest in low-power memory applications. In order to control their behavior, it is necessary to understand their complex spin texture at the nanoscale. Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (LTEM) is a suitable technique for studying these systems due to its high spatial resolution and capability to simultaneously characterize magnetic texture and microstructure. In this work, we present the application of PyLorentz, an open-source software suite that we have developed, for quantitative image analysis of Néel-type skyrmions in thin-film heterostructures. PyLorentz enhances LTEM capabilities by enabling reconstruction of magnetic induction maps from experimental images, as well as simulating LTEM images using micromagnetic simulation data. We demonstrate this for simulated Néel skyrmions as well as experimental data from [Pt/Co/W] multilayer heterostructures. We also show how simulation-assisted LTEM analysis is crucial for understanding these complex magnetic spin textures, in which the reconstructed magnetic induction map (seen in the LTEM images) differs significantly from the magnetization configuration.

关键词： Skyrmions Spin texture Spintronics Imaging & optical processing Lorentz microscopy Micromagnetic modeling

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