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SSRN 2024年

作者： Martins Freitas, Brenda Juliet Koga, Guilherme Yuuki Miguel Rodrigues, Luana Cristina Botta Filho, Walter José Amancio-Filho, Sergio de Traglia Bolfarini, Claudemiro Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering São Carlos13.565-905 Brazil Graz University of Technology Institute of Materials Science Joining and Forming Graz8010 Austria Federal University of São Carlos Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos13.565-905 Brazil Rod. Washington Luis São Carlos13565-905 Brazil

Stainless steel composites combine corrosion resistance and toughness of the metallic matrix with wear resistance granted by hard reinforcing nanoparticles. Given their near-net-shape manufacturing characteristics, additive manufacturing techniques are attractive to produce these hard and wear-resistant classes of materials with low machinability. In this work, from a SAF 2205 duplex stainless steel with boron addition, laser powder bed fusion (LBPF) was employed to produce an ultrafine-grained (~1 µm), dense (porosity ~0.1%), and crack-free ferritic-induced matrix composite with Cr2B-nanoborides reinforcing the grain boundaries (GBs) without formation of Cr-depleted regions. The composite showed significant higher hardness (up to 456 HV0.5) and wear resistance (4.4 x 10-5 mm3 N-1m-1) in sliding condition compared to a hot-rolled (225 HV0.5 and 2.9 x 10-3 mm3 N-1m-1) and a LPBF-produced SAF 2205 (314 HV0.5 and 3.3 x 10-4 mm3 N-1m-1). © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wear of materials

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Oxygen Non-Stoichiometry and Point Defect Equilibria in (La1/6Pr1/6Nd1/6Gd1/6Ba1/6Sr1/6)MnO3-δ

Oxygen Non-Stoichiometry and Point Defect Equilibria in (La1...

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243rd ECS Meeting

作者： Bishop, Sean R. Zhang, Dawei Liu, Cijie Li, Wei Salinas, Perla A. Smith, Andrew I. Coker, Eric N. De Santiago, Héctor A. Liu, Xingbo McDaniel, Anthony H. Luo, Jian Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM87123 United States Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources West Virginia University MorgantownWV26506 United States Sandia National Laboratories LivermoreCA94550 United States Department of NanoEngineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781607685395

In this work, the A-site of the common SOFC cathode La0.8Sr0.2MnO3-δ (LSM) is modified with additional lanthanide and alkali elements, resulting in the composition (La1/6Pr1/6Nd1/6Gd1/6Ba1/6Sr1/6)MnO3-δ. We show that the amount of oxygen released during reduction measured by thermo-gravimetric analysis is significantly greater for this "high entropy" perovskite oxide (HEPO) in comparison with La2/3Sr1/3MnO3-δ, the latter having the same amount of total acceptor dopant and with a similar average A-site radius. The origins of enhanced reduction will be discussed. © The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Thermogravimetric analysis

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Measurement of Cationic Diffusivity Through Er2O3/Y2O3 Interdiffusion Under AC-Flash Event

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yang, Ying Masuda, Hiroshi Yoshida, Hidehiro Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan Next Generation Zirconia Social Cooperation Program Institute of Engineering Innovation The University of Tokyo 2-11-16 Yayoi Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-8656 Japan

The diffusivity of Er cations in Y2O3 was directly investigated using Er2O3/Y2O3 interdiffusion couples under alternating current (AC) flash events. Compared to the conventional heat treatment with no electric field, the AC-flash treatment resulted in a 3-times longer diffusion distance within a 33-times shorter duration at comparable specimen temperatures. This indicates that the cationic interdiffusion was athermally promoted by an AC electric field. At the specimen temperatures of 1520℃–1760℃, both the lattice and grain boundary diffusivities were 2–3 orders greater under AC-flash events than without the electric field. Grain growth and grain boundary migration associated with remarkable grain boundary bowing-out were also enhanced with increasing current density. The pronounced decrease in the activation energy of grain boundary diffusion under flash events was suggested as the origin of the athermal effect of AC electric field on the mass transport kinetics. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Grain growth

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Fucoxanthin induces human melanoma cytotoxicity by thwarting the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL signaling axis

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Environmental Toxicology 2024年第6期39卷 3356-3366页

作者： Kuo, Min-Yung Dai, Wen-Chyi Chang, Jie-Li Chang, Jo-Shu Lee, Tse-Min Chang, Chia-Che Pediatric Surgery Division Department of Surgery Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital Taichung Taiwan Doctoral Program in Biotechnology Industrial Innovation and Management National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Taichung Municipal Taichung First Senior High School Taichung Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung Taiwan Department of Life Sciences National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences Master Program in Precision Health Doctoral Program in Translational Medicine Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Research Center National Chung Hsing University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia University Taichung Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

Melanoma is the most lethal skin malignancy. Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid with significant anticancer activities. Intriguingly, Fucoxanthin's impact on human melanoma remains elusive. Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3) represents a promising target in cancer therapy due to its persistent activation in various cancers, including melanoma. Herein, we revealed that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic to human melanoma cell lines A2758 and A375 while showing limited cytotoxicity to normal human melanocytes. Apoptosis is a primary reason for Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity, as the pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk drastically abrogated Fucoxanthin-elicited clonogenicity blockage. Besides, Fucoxanthin downregulated tyrosine 705-phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3 (Y705)), either inherently present in melanoma cells or inducible by interleukin 6 (IL-6) stimulation. Notably, ectopic expression of STAT3-C, a dominant-active STAT3 mutant, abolished Fucoxanthin-elicited melanoma cell apoptosis and clonogenicity inhibition, supporting the pivotal role of STAT3 blockage in Fucoxanthin's melanoma cytotoxicity. Moreover, Fucoxanthin lowered BCL-xL levels by blocking STAT3 activation, while ectopic BCL-xL expression rescued melanoma cells from Fucoxanthin-induced killing. Lastly, Fucoxanthin was found to diminish the levels of JAK2 with dual phosphorylation at tyrosine residues 1007 and 1008 in melanoma cells, suggesting that Fucoxanthin impairs STAT3 signaling by blocking JAK2 activation. Collectively, we present the first evidence that Fucoxanthin is cytotoxic selectively against human melanoma cells while sparing normal melanocytes. Mechanistically, Fucoxanthin targets the JAK2/STAT3/BCL-xL antiapoptotic axis to provoke melanoma cell death. This discovery implicates the potential application of Fucoxanthin as a chemopreventive or therapeutic strategy for melanoma management. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

关键词： Carotenoids

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A novel strategy towards the fabrication of highly stable and sensitive non-enzymatic glucose sensor based on Ni3N thin films using high power impulse magnetron sputtering

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Applied Surface science 2024年 669卷

作者： Pardhi, Nishchal Cheng, Wei-Chun Chen, Sheng-Chi Akshay Joshi, Shikha Govindasamy, Mani Department of Mechanical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering and Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan College of Engineering and Center for Green Technology Chang Gung University Taoyuan333 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering Indian Institute of Science Bangalore560012 India International Ph.D. Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan Tamil Nadu Chennai602105 India Research Center for Intelligence Medical Devices Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City243303 Taiwan

Glucose level surveillance in mankind is considered the greatest need of recent times to achieve healthy lifestyle goals due to its health-related concern for humans. To fulfill the need, Nickel-based compounds emerge with excellent bio-mimic properties. However, due to the poor electrical properties of oxides and hydroxides of Ni, developing a supporting base that can enhance electron transportation is mandatory. The present work is dedicated to non-enzymatic glucose detection by electrochemical means on the Ni3N thin film on an Indium-doped Tin Oxide (ITO) substrate as a working electrode in an alkaline medium. The Ni3N films use HiPIMS as a deposition technique due to its high ionization rate of sputtered species and dense plasma which helps the Ni ions to react with nitrogen in the formation of a perfect Ni3N phase, and it is a green process that can contribute to sustainable manufacturing. Ni3N thin film deposited at a 60 % N2 flow ratio shows the largest crystallinity and catalytic properties, which helps this modified electrode to have significant potential for glucose detection. The Ni3N modified electrode acquires a lower linear range of 0.001–1.25 mM with sensitivity and Limit of Detection (LOD) of 337.46 µAmM–1cm−2, and 0.78 µM, respectively, and a higher linear range of 1.25–7.3161 mM with a sensitivity of 158.58 µAmM–1cm−2. The amperometric measurements reveal the fast response of the electrode towards glucose detection at 2.46 secs. The key measures of the electrode according to the corresponding measurements are satisfactory selectivity, reproducibility, repeatability, and operational stability. The modified electrode shows a significant response for real samples such as commercially available honey, apple juice, and biological fluids. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Thin films

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Grain Boundary Segregation Models for High-Entropy Alloys: Theoretical Formulation and Derived Analytical Expressions to Elucidate High-Entropy Grain Boundaries

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Luo, Jian Department of NanoEngineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

Grain boundary (GB) segregation models are derived for multi-principal element and high-entropy alloys (MPEAs and HEAs). Differing from classical models where one component is taken as solvent and others are considered solutes, these models are referenced to the bulk composition to enable improved treatments of MPEAs and HEAs with no principal components. An ideal solution model is first formulated and solved to obtain analytical expressions that predict GB segregation and GB energy in MPEAs and HEAs. A regular solution model is further derived. The GB composition calculated using the simple analytical expression derived in this study and data from the materials Project agree well with a prior sphosipcated atomistic simulation for NbMoTaW. The simplicity of the derived analytical expressions makes them useful for not only conveniently predicting GB segregation trends in HEAs, but also analyzing nascent interfacial phenomena in composionally complex GBs. As an application example, the derived models are used to further formulate a set of useful equations to elucidate an emergent concept of high-entropy grain boundaries (HEGBs). © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Entropy

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Reducing anisotropy of rhombohedral Bi-rich phase for high-performance Ag-alloyed Sn–Bi low-temperature solders

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Journal of materials Research and Technology 2024年 30卷 16-24页

作者： Yang, Chih-han Liu, Yu-chen Nishikawa, Hiroshi Lin, Shih-kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Joining and Welding Research Institute Osaka University 11-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki Osaka567-0047 Japan Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

The rhombohedral structure is with anisotropic properties, leading to brittle mechanical properties. However, it is one of the major constituent phases, the (Bi) phase, in the Sn–Bi-based low-temperature solders, which is demanding in the electronic industry for reducing the soldering temperature and alleviating the warpage in high-density fine-pitch electronic packaging. Herein, we proposed a high-performance Ag-alloyed Sn–Bi (SBA) low-temperature solder by reducing the fraction and, more importantly, the anisotropy of the (Bi) phase. We found that the (Bi) phase exhibited considerable solubility for Ag and Sn, even after thermal aging, without any nanoprecipitates as confirmed with both CALPHAD-type thermodynamic modeling and high-resolution TEM. The solution effects of Ag and Sn in the (Bi) phase is elaborated based on in situ nano-indentation, EPMA compositional analyses, EBSD characterizations, and ab initio calculations. The presence of Ag and Sn in the (Bi) phases resulted in both solid solution hardening and softening effects, depending on the Schmid factor of the grain. As a result, in (Bi) polycrystals, alloying could effectively mitigate the anisotropic mechanical properties of the (Bi) phase and facilitated a more uniform dispersion of forces exerted among (Bi) grains in all orientations. Consequently, the designed SBA solder exhibited superior mechanical properties, e.g., an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 55 MPa, elongation of 46%, and toughness of 20.6 × 106 J/m3 at a strain rate of 0.0005 s−1. This understanding opens the door for enhanced rhombohedral phase in alloy design for various applications. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Anisotropy

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Comparison of Coherent and Incoherent Donut Beams for Deep Tissue STED Microscopy

Comparison of Coherent and Incoherent Donut Beams for Deep T...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Thariq Shanavas Robert R. McLeod Mark E. Siemens Juliet T. Gopinath Department of Physics University of Colorado Boulder CO USA Department of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering University of Colorado Boulder CO USA Department of Physics University of Denver Denver CO Materials Science Engineering Program University of Colorado Boulder CO USA

We numerically compare the null quality for STED microscopy generated by Laguerre-Gaussian beams with orbital angular momentum and donut beams generated by incoherent addition of orthogonal Hermite Gaussian beams when... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Biological imaging Gaussian beams Microscopy Spatial light modulators Spiral phase Step index fibers

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Optical Imaging of Flavor Order in Flat Band Graphene

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xie, Tian Wolf, Tobias M. Xu, Siyuan Cui, Zhiyuan Xiong, Richen Ou, Yunbo Hays, Patrick Holleis, Ludwig F. Guo, Yi Sheekey, Owen I. Patterson, Caitlin Arp, Trevor Watanabe, Kenji Taniguchi, Takashi Tongay, Seth Ariel Young, Andrea F. MacDonald, Allan H. Jin, Chenhao Department of Physics University of California at Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93116 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program School of Engineering for Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics National Institute for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba305-0044 Japan

Spin- and valley flavor polarization plays a central role in the many-body physics of flat band graphene1–21, with fermi surface reconstructions—often accompanied by quantized anomalous Hall1–8 and superconducting state9–14—observed in a variety of experimental systems. Here we describe an optical technique that sensitively and selectively detects flavor textures via the exciton response of a proximal transition metal dichalcogenide layer. Through a systematic study of rhombohedral and rotationally faulted graphene bilayers and trilayers, we show that when the semiconducting dichalcogenide is in direct contact with the graphene, the exciton response is most sensitive to the large momentum rearrangement of the Fermi surface, providing information that is distinct from and complementary to electrical compressibility measurements. The wide-field imaging capability of optical probes allows us to obtain spatial maps of flavor orders with high throughput, and with broad temperature and device compatibility. Our work paves the way for optical probing and imaging of flavor orders in flat band graphene systems. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

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Packing fraction related transport in disordered quantum dot arrays

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Eshraghi, K. Natani, S. Bandaru, P. Program in Materials Science University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

Models to describe electrical conduction in quantum dot (QD) constituted films often overlook the effects of geometric disorder. We address related issues by examining the influence of the QD packing fraction (PF) on the charge transport and transmission in QD arrays. Using transfer matrix based algorithms and Monte Carlo simulations, we quantify the transmission across disordered QD assemblies. Our results indicate a critical packing fraction (PFc) of ∼ 0.64, marking a transition from a non-conducting to a conducting state, aligning well with experimental observations and analytical predictions. This study enhances the understanding of transport in QD arrays, with implications for designing efficient electronic devices based on disordered nanoscale systems. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Semiconductor quantum dots

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