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arXiv 2018年

作者： Agarwal, Girish Allen, Roland E. Bezdìková, Iva Boyd, Robert W. Chen, Goong Hanson, Ronald Hawthorne, Dean L. Hemmer, Philip Kim, Moochan B. Kocharovskaya, Olga Lee, David M. Lidström, Sebastian K. Lidström, Suzy Losert, Harald Maier, Helmut Neuberger, John W. Padgett, Miles J. Raizen, Mark Rajendran, Surjeet Rasel, Ernst Schleich, Wolfgang P. Scully, Marlan O. Shchedrin, Gavriil Shvets, Gennady Sokolov, Alexei Svidzinsky, Anatoly Walsworth, Ronald L. Weiss, Rainer Wilczek, Frank Willner, Alan E. Yablonovich, Eli Zheludev, Nikolay Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Department of Physics Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Brehova 7 Praha 1-Staré mìsto11519 Czech Republic Department of Physics Technical University of Ostrava 17 Listopadu 15 Ostrava-Poruba70833 Czech Republic Department of Physics School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Ottawa OttawaONK1N6N5 Canada Institute of Optics Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States School of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow GlasgowG128QQ United Kingdom Department of Mathematics Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Science Program Texas A&M University at Qatar Education City Doha Qatar Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft University of Technology P.O. Box 5046 Delft2600 GA Netherlands Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology Cornell University IthacaNY14850 United States Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Texas A&M Energy Institute Texas A&M University TX77843 United States Department of Physics Strathclyde University GlasgowG11XJ United Kingdom Physica Scripta Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences StockholmSE-10405 Sweden Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Ulm89081 Germany Institut für Zahlentheorie und Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Ulm89081 Germany Department of Mathematics University of North Texas DentonTX76203-5017 United States College of Natural Sciences University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720-7300 United States Institut fuer Quantenoptik QUEST-LFS Welfengarten 1 Hannover30167 Germany Hagler Insti

The Winter Colloquium on the Physics of Quantum Electronics (PQE) has been a seminal force in quantum optics and related areas since 1971. It is rather mindboggling to recognize how the concepts presented at these conferences have transformed scientific understanding and human society. In January, 2017, the participants of PQE were asked to consider the equally important prospects for the future, and to formulate a set of questions representing some of the greatest aspirations in this broad field. The result is this multi-authored paper, in which many of the world's leading experts address the following fundamental questions: (1) What is the future of gravitational wave astronomy? (2) Are there new quantum phases of matter away from equilibrium that can be found and exploited-such as the time crystal? (3) Quantum theory in uncharted territory: What can we learn? (4) What are the ultimate limits for laser photon energies? (5) What are the ultimate limits to temporal, spatial, and optical resolution? (6) What novel roles will atoms play in technology? (7) What applications lie ahead for nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond? (8) What is the future of quantum coherence, squeezing, and entanglement for enhanced superresolution and sensing? (9) How can we solve (some of) humanity's biggest problems through new quantum technologies? (10) What new understanding of materials and biological molecules will result from their dynamical characterization with free electron lasers? (11) What new technologies and fundamental discoveries might quantum optics achieve by the end of this century? (12) What novel topological structures can be created and employed in quantum optics? Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum optics

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Symmetry-Protected Topological Phase in a One-Dimensional Correlated Bosonic Model with a Synthetic Spin-Orbit Coupling

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Physical Review Letters 2015年第19期115卷 195302-195302页

作者： Jize Zhao Shijie Hu Ping Zhang Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics Beijing 100088 China Department of Physics and Research Center Optimas Technical University Kaiserslautern 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany

By performing large-scale density-matrix renormalization group simulations, we investigate a one-dimensional correlated bosonic lattice model with a synthetic spin-orbit coupling realized in recent experiments. In the insulating regime, this model exhibits a symmetry-protected topological phase. This symmetry-protected topological phase is stabilized by time-reversal symmetry and it is identified as a Haldane phase. We confirm our conclusions further by analyzing the entanglement spectrum. In addition, we find four conventional phases: a Mott insulating phase with no long range order, a ferromagnetic superfluid phase, a ferromagnetic insulating phase, and a density-wave phase.

关键词： OPTICAL lattices OPTOELECTRONICS BOSONS SPIN-orbit coupling NONRELATIVISTIC quantum mechanics

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Hermite–Hadamard type integral inequalities for differentiable m -preinvex and ( α ,m)-preinvex functions

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Journal of the Egyptian Mathematical Society 2015年第2期23卷 236-241页

作者： Muhammad Amer Latif Muhammad Shoaib School of Computational and Applied Mathematics University of the Witwatersrand Private Bag 3 Wits 2050 Johannesburg South Africa Faculty of Sciences Department of Mathematics University of Hail PO BOX 2440 Saudi Arabia

In this paper, the notion of m -preinvex and ( α , m ) -preinvex functions is introduced and then several inequalities of Hermite–Hadamard type for differentiable m -preinvex and ( α , m ) -preinvex functions are e... 详细信息

关键词： Hermite–Hadamard’s inequality Invex set Preinvex function m -preinvex function α , m -preinvex function Hölder’s integral inequality 26D15 26D20 26D07

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Unsteady boundary layer flow over a sphere in a porous medium

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2017年第1期1870卷

作者： Nurul Farahain Mohammad Iskandar Waini Abdul Rahman Mohd Kasim Nurazleen Abdul Majid 1Department of Computational and Theoretical Sciences Kulliyyah of Science International Islamic University Malaysia 25200 Kuantan Pahang Malaysia 2Faculty of Engineering Technology Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka 76100 Durian Tunggal Melaka Malaysia 3Applied & Industrial Mathematics Research Group Faculty of Industrial Science & Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang 26300 UMP Kuantan Pahang Malaysia

This study focuses on the problem of unsteady boundary layer flow over a sphere in a porous medium. The governing equations which consists of a system of dimensional partial differential equations is applied with dimensionless parameter in order to attain non-dimensional partial differential equations. Later, the similarity transformation is performed in order to attain nonsimilar governing equations. Afterwards, the nonsimilar governing equations are solved numerically by using the Keller-Box method in Octave programme. The effect of porosity parameter is examined on separation time, velocity profile and skin friction of the unsteady flow. The results attained are presented in the form of table and graph.

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The cluster heritage project with XMM-Newton: Mass assembly and thermodynamics at the endpoint of structure formation I. programme overview

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Arnaud, M. Ettori, S. Pratt, Gabriel W. Rossetti, M. Eckert, D. Gastaldello, F. Gavazzi, R. Kay, S.T. Lovisari, L. Maughan, B.J. Pointecouteau, E. Sereno, M. Bartalucci, I. Bonafede, A. Bourdin, H. Cassano, R. Duffy, R.T. Iqbal, A. Maurogordato, S. Rasia, E. Sayers, J. Andrade-Santos, F. Aussel, H. Barnes, D.J. Barrena, R. Borgani, S. Burkutean, S. Clerc, N. Corasaniti, P.-S. Cuillandre, J.-C. de Grandi, S. de Petris, M. Dolag, K. Donahue, M. Ferragamo, A. Gaspari, M. Ghizzardi, S. Gitti, M. Haines, C.P. Jauzac, M. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Jones, C. Kéruzoré, F. LeBrun, A.M.C. Mayet, F. Mazzotta, P. Melin, J.-B. Molendi, S. Nonino, M. Okabe, N. Paltani, S. Perotto, L. Pires, S. Radovich, M. Rubino-Martin, J.-A. Salvati, L. Saro, A. Sartoris, B. Schellenberger, G. Streblyanska, A. Tarrío, P. Tozzi, P. Umetsu, K. van der Burg, R.F.J. Vazza, F. Venturi, T. Yepes, G. Zarattini, S. AIM CEA CNRS Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Diderot Sorbonne Paris Cité Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France INAF Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio via Pietro Gobetti 93/3 Bologna40129 Italy INFN Sezione di Bologna viale Berti Pichat 6/2 BolognaI-40127 Italy INAF IASF-Milano via A. Corti 12 MilanoI-20133 Italy Department of Astronomy University of Geneva ch. d'Écogia 16 VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland CNRS Sorbonne Université UMR 7095 Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris 98 bis Boulevard Arago Paris75014 France Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy School of Natural Sciences The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States HH Wills Physics Laboratory University of Bristol Tyndall Ave BristolBS8 1TL United Kingdom IRAP Université de Toulouse CNRS CNES UPS 9 av du colonel Roche BP44346 Toulouse Cedex 431028 France Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Universitá di Bologna Via Gobetti 92/3 Bologna40121 Italy INAF Istituto di Radio Astronomia Via Gobetti 101 Bologna40129 Italy Hamburger Sternwarte Gojenbergsweg 112 Hamburg21029 Germany Università degli studi di Roma Tor Vergata via della ricerca scientifica 1 Roma00133 Italy Université Côte d'Azur Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur CNRS Laboratoire Lagrange Nice France INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste via Tiepolo 11 TriesteI-34131 Italy IFPU - Institute for Fundamental Physics of the Universe via Beirut 2 Trieste34151 Italy California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Physics Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States C/ Vía Láctea s/n La Laguna TenerifeE-38205 Spain Universidad de La Laguna Departamento de Astrofísica C/ Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez s/n La Laguna TenerifeE-38206 Spain D

The Cluster HEritage project with XMM-Newton - Mass Assembly and Thermodynamics at the Endpoint of structure formation (CHEX-MATE) is a three-mega-second Multi-Year Heritage programme to obtain X-ray observations of a minimally-biased, signal-to-noise-limited sample of 118 galaxy clusters detected by Planck through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. The programme, described in detail in this paper, aims to study the ultimate products of structure formation in time and mass. It is composed of a census of the most recent objects to have formed (Tier-1: 0.05 14 M 500 14 M), together with a sample of the highest mass objects in the Universe (Tier-2: z 500 > 7.25 × 1014 M). The programme will yield an accurate vision of the statistical properties of the underlying population, measure how the gas properties are shaped by collapse into the dark matter halo, uncover the provenance of non-gravitational heating, and resolve the major uncertainties in mass determination that limit the use of clusters for cosmological parameter estimation. We will acquire X-ray exposures of uniform depth, designed to obtain individual mass measurements accurate to 15 − 20% under the hydrostatic assumption. We present the project motivations, describe the programme definition, and detail the ongoing multi-wavelength observational (lensing, SZ, radio) and theoretical effort that is being deployed in support of the project. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thermodynamics

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Narrow escape problem with a mixed trap and the effect of orientation

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Physical Review E 2015年第3期91卷 032111-032111页

作者： A. E. Lindsay T. Kolokolnikov J. C. Tzou Department of Applied and Computational Mathematics and Statistics University of Notre Dame Notre Dame Indiana 46656 USA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Dalhousie University Halifax Nova Scotia B3H 4R2 Canada

We consider the mean first passage time (MFPT) of a two-dimensional diffusing particle to a small trap with a distribution of absorbing and reflecting sections. High-order asymptotic formulas for the MFPT and the fundamental eigenvalue of the Laplacian are derived which extend previously obtained results and show how the orientation of the trap affects the mean time to capture. We obtain a simple geometric condition which gives the optimal trap alignment in terms of the gradient of the regular part of a regular part of a Green's function and a certain alignment vector. We find that subdividing the absorbing portions of the trap reduces the mean first passage time of the diffusing particle. In the scenario where the trap undergoes prescribed motion in the domain, the MFPT is seen to be particularly sensitive to the orientation of the trap.

关键词： PARTICLES DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) EIGENVALUES GREEN'S functions RANDOM walks (mathematics)

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Measurement of Technical Efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis: A Case of Indian Textile Industry

Measurement of Technical Efficiency using Data Envelopment A...

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The 3rd International Conference on Advances in Engineering Sciences & applied mathematics (ICAESAM’2015, UK)

作者： Smita Verma Ankit Kumavat Anita Biswas Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Science S.G.S. Institute of Technology and Science Indore Department of Mathematics TRUBA College of Engineering and Technology Indore

In this paper, mathematical programming approach of Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA) has been used for measuring technical efficiency of a sample for 10 selected Textile mills of India for the period of two years: 2012 and 2013. We have shown that DEA-CCR model could be an effective and efficient tool for Textile industry for monitoring and controlling the performance of textile mills, which plays an important part in overall economy of the country. Its contribution to the Indian economy is manifested in terms of its contribution to the industrial production, employment generation and foreign exchange earnings. Data about the inputs and outputs of mills are gathered and analyzed to compute the relative efficiency of the mills. Results obtained shows that, 90% of the mills were efficient in 2012, while 96% of them were efficient in 2013. Textile mills may apply the study to measure their efficiencies and the result might be used to overcome the problem of efficiencies\inefficiencies. Inefficient mills were investigated closely to identify the areas in which the use of resources manifests increases return to scale. Some recommendations on use and applicability of DEA-CCR model for textile mills evaluation will conclude the paper.

关键词： CCR-model Data Envelopment Analysis Fractional programming Problem Technical Efficiency Textile Mills

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Memetic electromagnetism algorithm for finite approximation with rational bézier curves 6th

Memetic electromagnetism algorithm for finite approximation ...

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6th International Conference on Swarm Intelligence, ICSI 2015 held in conjunction with the 2nd BRICS Congress on computational Intelligence, CCI 2015

作者： Iglesias, Andrés Gálvez, Akemi Department of Applied Mathematics and Computational Sciences University of Cantabria Avda. De los Castros s/n SantanderE-39005 Spain Department of Information Science Toho University 2-2-1 Miyama Funabashi274-8510 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9783319204659

The problem of obtaining a discrete curve approximation to data points appears recurrently in several real-world fields, such as CAD/CAM (construction of car bodies, ship hulls, airplane fuselage), computer graphics and animation, medicine, and many others. Although polynomial blending functions are usually applied to solve this problem, some shapes cannot yet be adequately approximated by using this scheme. In this paper we address this issue by applying rational blending functions, particularly the rational Bernstein polynomials. Our methodology is based on a memetic approach combining a powerful metaheuristic method for global optimization (called the electromagnetism algorithm) with a local search method. The performance of our scheme is illustrated through its application to four examples of 2D and 3D synthetic shapes with very satisfactory results in all cases. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

关键词： Hulls (ship)

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Site- and bond-percolation thresholds in Kn,n-based lattices: Vulnerability of quantum annealers to random qubit and coupler failures on chimera topologies

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Physical Review E 2016年第4期93卷 042128-042128页

作者： O. Melchert Helmut G. Katzgraber M. A. Novotny Department of Physics and Astronomy Texas A&M University College Station Texas 77843-4242 USA Santa Fe Institute 1399 Hyde Park Road Santa Fe New Mexico 87501 USA Applied Mathematics Research Centre Coventry University Coventry CV1 5FB England Department of Physics and Astronomy Mississippi State University Mississippi State Mississippi 39762-5167 USA HPC2 Center for Computational Sciences Mississippi State University Mississippi State Mississippi 39762-5167 USA

We estimate the critical thresholds of bond and site percolation on nonplanar, effectively two-dimensional graphs with chimeralike topology. The building blocks of these graphs are complete and symmetric bipartite subgraphs of size 2n, referred to as Kn,n graphs. For the numerical simulations we use an efficient union-find-based algorithm and employ a finite-size scaling analysis to obtain the critical properties for both bond and site percolation. We report the respective percolation thresholds for different sizes of the bipartite subgraph and verify that the associated universality class is that of standard two-dimensional percolation. For the canonical chimera graph used in the D-Wave Systems Inc. quantum annealer (n=4), we discuss device failure in terms of network vulnerability, i.e., we determine the critical fraction of qubits and couplers that can be absent due to random failures prior to losing large-scale connectivity throughout the device.

关键词： Continuous percolation transition Percolation Monte Carlo methods

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Wall to wall optimal transport 15

Wall to wall optimal transport

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15th European Turbulence Conference, ETC 2015

作者： Doering, Charles R. Souza, Andre N. Chini, Gregory P. Hassanzadeh, Pedram Department of Physics University of Michigan United States Department of Mathematics University of Michigan United States Center for the Study of Complex Systems University of Michigan United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Program in Integrated Applied Mathematics and Center for Fluid Physics University of New Hampshire United States Centre for the Environment Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Harvard University United States

The calculus of variations is employed to find steady divergence-free velocity fields that maximize transport of a tracer between two parallel walls held at fixed concentration for one of two constraints on flow strength: a fixed value of the kinetic energy or a fixed value of the enstrophy (the mean square rate of strain in this situation). The optimizing flows realize upper limits on convective transport in this scenario. We interpret the results in the context of buoyancy-driven Rayleigh–Bénard convection problems that satisfy the flow intensity constraints, enabling us to investigate how optimal transport scalings compare with upper bounds on Nu expressed as a function of the Rayleigh number Ra. © TU Delft.

关键词： Kinetic energy

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