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Galactic transient sources with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2025年第1期540卷 205–238页

作者： Abe, K Abe, S Abhir, J Abhishek, A Acero, F Acharyya, A Adam, R Aguasca-Cabot, A Agudo, I Aguirre-Santaella, A Alfaro, J Alfaro, R Alvarez-Crespo, N Alves Batista, R Amans, J-P Amato, E Ambrosi, G Ambrosino, F Angüner, E O Antonelli, L A Aramo, C Arcaro, C Arnesen, T T H Asano, K Ascasibar, Y Aschersleben, J Ashkar, H Augusto Stuani, L Baack, D Backes, M Balazs, C Balbo, M Baquero Larriva, A Barbosa Martins, V Barres de Almeida, U Barrio, J A Barrios-Jiménez, L Batković, I Batzofin, R Baxter, J Becerra González, J Becker Tjus, J Belmont, R Benbow, W Bernete, J Bernlöhr, K Berti, A Bertucci, B Beshley, V Bhattacharjee, P Bhattacharyya, S Bigongiari, C Bissaldi, E Blanch, O Blazek, J Bocchino, F Boisson, C Bolmont, J Bonnoli, G Bonollo, A Bordas, P Bosnjak, Z Bottacini, E Böttcher, M Bradascio, F Bronzini, E Brown, A M Brunelli, G Bulgarelli, A Burelli, I Burger-Scheidlin, C Burmistrov, L Burton, M Buscemi, M Cailleux, J Campoy-Ordaz, A Cantlay, B K Capasso, G Caproni, A Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R Caraveo, P Caroff, S Carosi, A Carosi, R Carquin, E Carrasco, M-S Cascone, E Cassol, F Castaldini, L Castrejon, N Castro-Tirado, A J Cerasole, D Ceribella, G Cerruti, M Chadwick, P M Chaty, S Chen, A W Chernyakova, M Chiavassa, A Chudoba, J Chytka, L Cicciari, G M Cifuentes, A Coimbra Araujo, C H Colapietro, M Conforti, V Contreras, J L Cortina, J Costa, A Costantini, H Cotter, G Cristofari, P Cuevas, O Curtis-Ginsberg, Z D’Aì, A D’Amico, G D’Ammando, F Dai, S Dazzi, F de Bony de Lavergne, M De Caprio, V De Cesare, G De Frondat Laadim, F de Gouveia Dal Pino, E M De Lotto, B De Lucia, M de Martino, D de Menezes, R de Naurois, M de Ona Wilhelmi, E de Souza, V del Peral, L del Valle, M V Delgado, C Dell’aiera, M Della Valle, M della Volpe, D Depaoli, D Devin, J Di Girolamo, T Di Piano, A Di Pierro, F Di Tria, R Di Venere, L Diebold, S Dignam, C Dima, R Dinesh, A Djuvsland, J Dominik, R M Dominis Prester, D Donini, A Dorner, D Dörner, J Doro, M Dubos, C Ducci, L Dwarkadas, V V Ebr, J Eckner, C Egberts, K Einecke, S Elsässer, D Emery Department of Physics Tokai University 4-1-1 Kita-Kaname Hiratsuka Kanagawa 259-1292 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwa-no-ha Kashiwa Chiba 277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics Otto-Stern-Weg 5 CH-8093 Zürich Switzerland INFN and Università degli Studi di Siena Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche della Terra e dell’Ambiente (DSFTA) Sezione di Fisica Via Roma 56 I-53100 Siena Italy Université Paris-Saclay Université Paris Cité CEA CNRS AIM F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France FSLAC IRL 2009 CNRS/IAC E-38205 La Laguna Tenerife Spain University of Alabama Tuscaloosa Department of Physics and Astronomy Gallalee Hall Box 870324 Tuscaloosa AL 35487-0324 USA Université Côte d’Azur Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur CNRS Laboratoire Lagrange UF 06304 Nice France Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet CNRS/IN2P3 École Polytechnique Institut Polytechnique de Paris F-91120 Palaiseau France Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona IEEC-UB Martí i Franquès 1 E-08028 Barcelona Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n E-18008 Granada Spain Institute for Computational Cosmology and Department of Physics Durham University South Road Durham DH1 3LE UK Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 340 8331150 Santiago Chile Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Delegación Coyoacán 04510 Ciudad de México Mexico IPARCOS-UCM Instituto de Física de Partículas y del Cosmos and EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid E-28040 Madrid Spain Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC and Departamento de Física Teórica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid c/ Nicolás Cabrera 13-15 Campus de Cantoblanco UAM E-28049 Madrid Spain LUTH GEPI and LERMA Observatoire de Paris Université PSL Université Paris Cité CNRS 5 place Jules Janssen F-92190 Meudon France INAF – Osservatorio

A wide variety of Galactic sources show transient emission at soft and hard X-ray energies: low- and high-mass X-ray binaries containing compact objects, isolated neutron stars exhibiting extreme variability as magnetars as well as pulsar-wind nebulae. Although most of them can show emission up to MeV and/or GeV energies, many have not yet been detected in the TeV domain by Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. In this paper, we explore the feasibility of detecting new Galactic transients with the Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) and the prospects for studying them with Target of Opportunity observations. We show that CTAO will likely detect new sources in the TeV regime, such as the massive microquasars in the Cygnus region, low-mass X-ray binaries with low-viewing angle, flaring emission from the Crab pulsar-wind nebula or other novae explosions, among others. Since some of these sources could also exhibit emission at larger time-scales, we additionally test their detectability at longer exposures. We finally discuss the multiwavelength synergies with other instruments and large astronomical facilities.

关键词： binaries: general stars: magnetars novae cataclysmic variables pulsars: general gamma-rays: general

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Constraints on black-hole charges with the 2017 EHT observations of M87*

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Physical Review D 2021年第10期103卷 104047-104047页

作者： Prashant Kocherlakota Luciano Rezzolla Heino Falcke Christian M. Fromm Michael Kramer Yosuke Mizuno Antonios Nathanail Héctor Olivares Ziri Younsi Kazunori Akiyama Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba Richard Anantua Keiichi Asada Rebecca Azulay Anne-Kathrin Baczko David Ball Mislav Baloković John Barrett Bradford A. Benson Dan Bintley Lindy Blackburn Raymond Blundell Wilfred Boland Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan D. Brinkerink Roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick Dominique Broguiere Thomas Bronzwaer Do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Andrew Chael Chi-kwan Chan Shami Chatterjee Koushik Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen (陈永军) Paul M. Chesler Ilje Cho Pierre Christian John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Jordy Davelaar Mariafelicia De Laurentis Roger Deane Jessica Dempsey Gregory Desvignes Sheperd S. Doeleman Ralph P. Eatough Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Ed Fomalont Raquel Fraga-Encinas Per Friberg H. Alyson Ford Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison Charles F. Gammie Roberto García Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Roman Gold José L. Gómez Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz Minfeng Gu (顾敏峰) Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada Daryl Haggard Michael H. Hecht Ronald Hesper Luis C. Ho (何子山) Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang (黄磊) David H. Hughes Shiro Ikeda Makoto Inoue Sara Issaoun David J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Michael Janssen Britton Jeter Wu Jiang (江悟) Alejandra Jimenez-Rosales Michael D. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami Ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis Dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Yutaro Kofuji Patrick M. Koch Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Thomas P. Krichbaum Cheng-Yu Kuo Tod R. Lauer Sang-Sung Lee Aviad Levis Yan-Rong Li (李彦荣) Zhiyuan Li (李志远) Michael Lindqvist Rocco Lico Greg Lindahl Jun Liu (刘俊) Kuo Liu Elisabetta Liuzzo Wen-Ping Lo Andrei P. Lobanov Laurent Loinard Colin Lonsdale Ru-Sen Lu Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Max-von-Laue-Strasse 1 60438 Frankfurt Germany Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Ruth-Moufang-Strasse 1 60438 Frankfurt Germany School of Mathematics Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland Department of Astrophysics Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen Netherlands Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University 20 Garden Street Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Center for Astrophysics—Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 D-53121 Bonn Germany Tsung-Dao Lee Institute and School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Physics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis GR 15783 Zografos Greece Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking Surrey RH5 6NT United Kingdom Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road Westford Massachusetts 01886 USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n E-18008 Granada Spain Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Malaya 50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New York New York 10010 USA Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei 10617 Taiwan R.O.C. Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica Universitat de València C. Dr. Moliner 50 E-46100 Burjassot València Spain Observatori Astronòmic Universitat de València C. Catedrático José Beltrán 2 E-46980 Paterna

Our understanding of strong gravity near supermassive compact objects has recently improved thanks to the measurements made by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). We use here the M87* shadow size to infer constraints on the physical charges of a large variety of nonrotating or rotating black holes. For example, we show that the quality of the measurements is already sufficient to rule out that M87* is a highly charged dilaton black hole. Similarly, when considering black holes with two physical and independent charges, we are able to exclude considerable regions of the space of parameters for the doubly-charged dilaton and the Sen black holes.

关键词： Alternative gravity theories Experimental studies of gravity General relativity Radio, microwave, & sub-mm astronomy Accretion disk & black-hole plasma Classical black holes Galaxies Electromagnetic radiation astronomy

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Open Data from the Third Observing Run of LIGO, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO

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Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series 2023年第2期267卷 29-29页

作者： Abbott, R. Abe, H. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. Adhicary, S. Adhikari, N. Adhikari, R.X. Adkins, V.K. Adya, V.B. Affeldt, C. Agarwal, D. Agathos, M. Aguiar, O.D. Aiello, L. Ain, A. Ajith, P. Akutsu, T. Albanesi, S. Alfaidi, R.A. Al-Jodah, A. Alléné, C. Allocca, A. Almualla, M. Altin, P.A. Amato, A. Amez-Droz, L. Amorosi, A. Anand, S. Ananyeva, A. Andersen, R. Anderson, S.B. Anderson, W.G. Andia, M. Ando, M. Andrade, T. Andres, N. Andrés-Carcasona, M. Andrić, T. Ansoldi, S. Antelis, J.M. Antier, S. Aoumi, M. Apostolatos, T. Appavuravther, E.Z. Appert, S. Apple, S.K. Arai, K. Araya, A. Araya, M.C. Areeda, J.S. Arène, M. Aritomi, N. Arnaud, N. Arogeti, M. Aronson, S.M. Arun, K.G. Asada, H. Ashton, G. Aso, Y. Assiduo, M. Assis de Souza Melo, S. Aston, S.M. Astone, P. Aubin, F. AultONeal, K. Babak, S. Badalyan, A. Badaracco, F. Badger, C. Bae, S. Bagnasco, S. Bai, Y. Baier, J.G. Baiotti, L. Baird, J. Bajpai, R. Baka, T. Ball, M. Ballardin, G. Ballmer, S.W. Baltus, G. Banagiri, S. Banerjee, B. Bankar, D. Baral, P. Barayoga, J.C. Barber, J. Barish, B.C. Barker, D. Barneo, P. Barone, F. Barr, B. Barsotti, L. Barsuglia, M. Barta, D. Barthelmy, S.D. Barton, M.A. Bartos, I. Basak, S. Basalaev, A. Bassiri, R. Basti, A. Bawaj, M. Bayley, J.C. Baylor, A.C. Bazzan, M. Bécsy, B. Bedakihale, V.M. Beirnaert, F. Bejger, M. Bell, A.S. Benedetto, V. Beniwal, D. Benoit, W. Bentley, J.D. Ben Yaala, M. Bera, S. Berbel, M. Bergamin, F. Berger, B.K. Bernuzzi, S. Beroiz, M. Berry, C.P.L. Bersanetti, D. Bertolini, A. Betzwieser, J. Beveridge, D. Bevins, N. Bhandare, R. Bhandari, A.V. Bhardwaj, U. Bhatt, R. Bhattacharjee, D. Bhaumik, S. Bianchi, A. Bilenko, I.A. Bilicki, M. Billingsley, G. Bini, S. Birnholtz, O. Biscans, S. Bischi, M. Biscoveanu, S. Bisht, A. Biswas, B. Bitossi, M. Bizouard, M.-A. Blackburn, J.K. Blair, C.D. Blair, D.G. Blair, R.M. Bobba, F. Bode, N. Boër, M. Bogaert, G. Boileau, G. Boldrini, M. Bolingbroke, G.N. Bonavena, L.D. Bondarescu, R. Bondu, F. Bonilla, E. Bonilla, G.S. Bonnand, R. Booker, P. Bork, R. Boschi, V. Bose, N. LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena 91125 CA United States Graduate School of Science Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8551 Japan Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno Salerno Fisciano I-84084 Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Napoli I-80126 Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 VIC Australia The Pennsylvania State University University Park 16802 PA United States University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee 53201 WI United States Louisiana State University Baton Rouge 70803 LA United States OzGrav Australian National University Canberra 0200 ACT Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) Hannover D-30167 Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover D-30167 Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais São Paulo São José dos Campos 12227-010 Brazil Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa Pisa I-56127 Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Torino Torino I-10125 Italy INFN Sezione di Torino Torino I-10125 Italy SUPA University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom OzGrav University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 WA Australia Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc CNRS Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules - IN2P3 Annecy F-74000 France Università di Napoli “Federico II” Napoli I-80126 Italy University of Minnesota Minneapolis 55455 MN United States M

The global network of gravitational-wave observatories now includes five detectors, namely LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, Virgo, KAGRA, and GEO 600. These detectors collected data during their third observing run, O3, composed of three phases: O3a starting in 2019 April and lasting six months, O3b starting in 2019 November and lasting five months, and O3GK starting in 2020 April and lasting two weeks. In this paper we describe these data and various other science products that can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open science Center at https://***. The main data set, consisting of the gravitational-wave strain time series that contains the astrophysical signals, is released together with supporting data useful for their analysis and documentation, tutorials, as well as analysis software packages. © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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Search for anisotropic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo’s first three observing runs

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Physical Review D 2021年第2期104卷 022005-022005页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott S. Abraham F. Acernese K. Ackley A. Adams C. Adams R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu K. M. Aleman G. Allen A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koya Arai Koji Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin P. Aufmuth K. AultONeal C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer M. Bals A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar R. S. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal M. G. Benjamin T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser R. Bhandare A. V. Bhandari D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik J. Bidler I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn J. Blackman C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant A. Buikema T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic R. L. Byer L. Cadonati M. Caesar G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane H. W. Cain, III J. Calderón Bustillo J. LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S.Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics & Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia Christopher Newport University Newport News Virginia 23606 USA LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI) I-67100 L’Aquila Italy INFN Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso I-67100 Assergi Italy INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy Università di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan California State University Fullerton Fullerton California 92831 USA NCSA University of Illinois

We report results from searches for anisotropic stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds using data from the first three observing runs of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. For the first time, we include Virgo data in our analysis and run our search with a new efficient pipeline called pystoch on data folded over one sidereal day. We use gravitational-wave radiometry (broadband and narrow band) to produce sky maps of stochastic gravitational-wave backgrounds and to search for gravitational waves from point sources. A spherical harmonic decomposition method is employed to look for gravitational-wave emission from spatially-extended sources. Neither technique found evidence of gravitational-wave signals. Hence we derive 95% confidence-level upper limit sky maps on the gravitational-wave energy flux from broadband point sources, ranging from Fα,Θ<(0.013–7.6)×10−8 erg cm−2 s−1 Hz−1, and on the (normalized) gravitational-wave energy density spectrum from extended sources, ranging from Ωα,Θ<(0.57–9.3)×10−9 sr−1, depending on direction (Θ) and spectral index (α). These limits improve upon previous limits by factors of 2.9–3.5. We also set 95% confidence level upper limits on the frequency-dependent strain amplitudes of quasimonochromatic gravitational waves coming from three interesting targets, Scorpius X-1, SN 1987A and the Galactic Center, with best upper limits range from h0<(1.7–2.1)×10−25, a factor of ≥2.0 improvement compared to previous stochastic radiometer searches.

关键词： Experimental studies of gravity General relativity Gravitational waves

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The DESI Survey Validation: Results from Visual Inspection of Bright Galaxies, Luminous Red Galaxies, and Emission Line Galaxies

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Lan, Ting-Wen Tojeiro, R. Armengaud, E. Prochaska, J. Xavier Davis, T.M. Alexander, David M. Raichoor, A. Zhou, Rongpu Yèche, Christophe Balland, C. BenZvi, S. Berti, A. Canning, R. Carr, A. Chittenden, H. Cole, S. Cousinou, M.-C. Dawson, K. Dey, Biprateep Douglass, K. Edge, A. Escoffier, S. Glanville, A. Gontcho, S.A. Gontcho Guy, J. Hahn, C. Howlett, C. Hwang, Ho Seong Jiang, L. Kovács, A. Mezcua, M. Moore, S. Nadathur, S. Oh, M. Parkinson, D. Rocher, A. Ross, A.J. Ruhlmann-Kleider, V. Sabiu, C.G. Said, K. Saulder, C. Sierra-Porta, D. Weiner, B. Yu, J. Zarrouk, P. Zhang, Y. Zou, H. Ahlen, S. Bailey, S. Brooks, D. Cooper, A.P. de la Macorra, A. Dey, A. Dhungana, G. Doel, P. Eftekharzadeh, S. Fanning, K. Font-Ribera, A. Garrison, L. Gaztañaga, E. Kehoe, R. Kisner, T. Kremin, A. Landriau, M. Le Guillou, L. Levi, Michael E. Magneville, C. Meisner, Aaron M. Miquel, R. Moustakas, J. Myers, Adam D. Newman, Jeffrey A. Nie, J.D. Palanque-Delabrouille, N. Percival, W.J. Poppett, C. Prada, F. Schubnell, M. Tarlé, Gregory Weaver, B.A. Zhang, K. Zhou, Zhimin Graduate Institute of Astrophysics Department of Physics National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95065 United States SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy University of St Andrews St AndrewsKY16 9SS United Kingdom IRFU CEA Université Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-YvetteF-91191 France The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa Kashiwa277-8583 Japan School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland 4072 Australia Centre for Extragalactic Astronomy Department of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory 1 Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States ParisFR-75005 France Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Rochester 206 Bausch and Lomb Hall P.O. Box 270171 RochesterNY14627-0171 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Utah 115 South 1400 East Salt Lake CityUT84112 United States Institute of Cosmology & Gravitation University of Portsmouth Dennis Sciama Building PortsmouthPO1 3FX United Kingdom Institute for Computational Cosmology Department of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Aix Marseille Univ CNRS IN2P3 CPPM Marseille France University of Pittsburgh 3941 O’Hara Street PittsburghPA15260 United States Department of Astrophysical Sciences Princeton University Peyton Hall PrincetonNJ08544 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory One Cyclotron Road BerkeleyCA94720 United States Astronomy Program Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of SNU Astronomy Research Center Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro Gwanak-gu Seoul08826 Korea Republic of 776 Daedeokdae-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking Unive

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) Survey has obtained a set of spectroscopic measurements of galaxies to validate the final survey design and target selections. To assist in these tasks, we visually inspect (VI) DESI spectra of approximately 2,500 bright galaxies, 3,500 luminous red galaxies (LRGs), and 10,000 emission line galaxies (ELGs), to obtain robust redshift identifications. We then utilize the VI redshift information to characterize the performance of the DESI operation. Based on the VI catalogs, our results show that the final survey design yields samples of bright galaxies, LRGs, and ELGs with purity greater than 99%. Moreover, we demonstrate that the precision of the redshift measurements is approximately 10 km/s for bright galaxies and ELGs and approximately 40 km/s for LRGs. The average redshift accuracy is within 10 km/s for the three types of galaxies. The VI process also helps improve the quality of the DESI data by identifying spurious spectral features introduced by the pipeline. Finally, we show examples of unexpected real astronomical objects, such as Lyα emitters and strong lensing candidates, identified by VI. These results demonstrate the importance and utility of visually inspecting data from incoming and upcoming surveys, especially during their early operation phases. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Galaxies

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Constraints on black-hole charges with the 2017 EHT observations of M87

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kocherlakota, Prashant Rezzolla, Luciano Falcke, Heino Fromm, Christian M. Kramer, Michael Mizuno, Yosuke Nathanail, Antonios Olivares, Héctor Younsi, Ziri Akiyama, Kazunori Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Carlos Algaba, Juan Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Baloković, Mislav Barrett, John Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Raymond Boland, Wilfred Bouman, Katherine L. Bower, Geoffrey C. Boyce, Hope Bremer, Michael Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Byun, Do-Young Carlstrom, John E. Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-Kwan Chatterjee, Shami Chatterjee, Koushik Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chesler, Paul M. Cho, Ilje Christian, Pierre Conway, John E. Cordes, James M. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu Davelaar, Jordy de Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dempsey, Jessica Desvignes, Gregory Doeleman, Sheperd S. Eatough, Ralph P. Farah, Joseph Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Ed Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Friberg, Per Alyson Ford, H. Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter Gammie, Charles F. García, Roberto Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris Goddi, Ciriaco Gold, Roman Gómez, José L. Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Hecht, Michael H. Hesper, Ronald Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Inoue, Makoto Issaoun, Sara James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Janssen, Michael Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra Johnson, Michael D. Jorstad, Svetlana Jung, Taehyun Karami, Mansour Karuppusamy, Ramesh Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kim, Junhan Kino, Motoki Yi Koay, Jun Kofuji, Yutaro Koch, Patrick M. Koyama, Shoko Kramer, Carsten Krichbaum, Thomas P. Kuo, Cheng-Yu Lauer, Tod R. Lee, Sang-Sung Levis, Aviad Li, Yan-Rong Li, Zhiyuan Lindqvist, Michael Lico, Rocco Lindahl, Greg Liu, Jun Liu, Kuo Liuzzo, Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Max-von-Laue-Str. 1 Frankfurt60438 Germany Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Ruth-Moufang-Str. 1 Frankfurt60438 Germany School of Mathematics Trinity College Dublin 2 Ireland Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 Nijmegen6500 GL Netherlands Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Center for Astrophysics — Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Tsung-Dao Lee Institute School of Physics and Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 Frankfurt am MainD-60438 Germany Department of Physics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Panepistimiopolis ZografosGR 15783 Greece Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking SurreyRH5 6NT United Kingdom Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road WestfordMA01886 United States National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Department of Physics Faculty of Science University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur50603 Malaysia Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica Universitat de València C. Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot ValènciaE-46100 Spain Observatori Astronòmic Universitat de València C. Catedrático José Beltrán 2 PaternaValènciaE-46980 Spain Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy University of Arizona 933 N. Cherry Ave. Tucson

关键词： Gravitation

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Event horizon telescope observations of the jet launching and collimation in centaurus A

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Janssen, Michael Falcke, Heino Kadler, Matthias Ros, Eduardo Wielgus, Maciek Akiyama, Kazunori Baloković, Mislav Blackburn, Lindy Bouman, Katherine L. Chael, Andrew Chan, Chi-Kwan Chatterjee, Koushik Davelaar, Jordy Edwards, Philip G. Fromm, Christian M. Gómez, José L. Goddi, Ciriaco Issaoun, Sara Johnson, Michael D. Kim, Junhan Koay, Jun Yi Krichbaum, Thomas P. Liu, Jun Liuzzo, Elisabetta Markoff, Sera Markowitz, Alex Marrone, Daniel P. Mizuno, Yosuke Müller, Cornelia Ni, Chunchong Pesce, Dominic W. Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Roelofs, Freek Rygl, Kazi L.J. van Bemmel, Ilse Alberdi, Antxon Alef, Walter Algaba, Juan Carlos Anantua, Richard Asada, Keiichi Azulay, Rebecca Baczko, Anne-Kathrin Ball, David Barrett, John Benson, Bradford A. Bintley, Dan Blundell, Raymond Boland, Wilfred Bower, Geoffrey C. Boyce, Hope Bremer, Michael Brinkerink, Christiaan D. Brissenden, Roger Britzen, Silke Broderick, Avery E. Broguiere, Dominique Bronzwaer, Thomas Byun, Do-Young Carlstrom, John E. Chatterjee, Shami Chen, Ming-Tang Chen, Yongjun Chesler, Paul M. Cho, Ilje Christian, Pierre Conway, John E. Cordes, James M. Crawford, Thomas M. Crew, Geoffrey B. Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro Cui, Yuzhu de Laurentis, Mariafelicia Deane, Roger Dempsey, Jessica Desvignes, Gregory Dexter, Jason Doeleman, Sheperd S. Eatough, Ralph P. Farah, Joseph Fish, Vincent L. Fomalont, Ed Ford, H. Alyson Fraga-Encinas, Raquel Friberg, Per Fuentes, Antonio Galison, Peter Gammie, Charles F. García, Roberto Gelles, Zachary Gentaz, Olivier Georgiev, Boris Gold, Roman Gómez-Ruiz, Arturo I. Gu, Minfeng Gurwell, Mark Hada, Kazuhiro Haggard, Daryl Hecht, Michael H. Hesper, Ronald Himwich, Elizabeth Ho, Luis C. Ho, Paul Honma, Mareki Huang, Chih-Wei L. Huang, Lei Hughes, David H. Ikeda, Shiro Inoue, Makoto James, David J. Jannuzi, Buell T. Jeter, Britton Jiang, Wu Jimenez-Rosales, Alejandra Jorstad, Svetlana Jung, Taehyun Karami, Mansour Karuppusamy, Ramesh Kawashima, Tomohisa Keating, Garrett K. Kettenis, Mark Kim, Dong-Jin Kim, Jae-Young Kim, Jongsoo Kino, Motoki Kofuji, Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 Nijmegen6500 GL Netherlands Lehrstuhl für Astronomie Universität Würzburg Emil-Fischer Str. 31 Würzburg97074 Germany Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University 20 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden Street CambridgeMA02138 United States Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road WestfordMA01886 United States National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Yale Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics 52 Hillhouse Avenue New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Physics Yale University P.O. Box 2018120 New HavenCT06520 United States California Institute of Technology 1200 East California Boulevard PasadenaCA91125 United States Princeton Center for Theoretical Science Jadwin Hall Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 United States NASA Hubble Fellowship Program Einstein Fellow Steward Observatory and Department of Astronomy University of Arizona 933 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Data Science Institute University of Arizona 1230 N. Cherry Ave. TucsonAZ85721 United States Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of Amsterdam Science Park 904 Amsterdam1098 XH Netherlands Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 550 W 120th Street New YorkNY10027 United States Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New YorkNY10010 United States Australia Telescope National Facility CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science EppingNSW1710 Australia Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 Frankfurt am MainD-60438 Germany Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n GranadaE-18008 Spain Leiden Observatory—Allegro Leiden University P.O. Box

Very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of active galactic nuclei at millimeter wavelengths have the power to reveal the launching and initial collimation region of extragalactic radio jets, down to 10 – 100 gravitational radii (rg ≡ GM/c2) scales in nearby sources 1. Centaurus A is the closest radio-loud source to Earth 2. It bridges the gap in mass and accretion rate between the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in Messier 87 and our galactic center. A large southern declination of −43° has however prevented VLBI imaging of Centaurus A below λ 1 cm thus far. Here, we show the millimeter VLBI image of the source, which we obtained with the Event Horizon Telescope at 228 GHz. Compared to previous observations 3, we image Centaurus A’s jet at a tenfold higher frequency and sixteen times sharper resolution and thereby probe sub-lightday structures. We reveal a highly-collimated, asymmetrically edge-brightened jet as well as the fainter counterjet. We find that Centaurus A’s source structure resembles the jet in Messier 87 on ∼ 500 rg scales remarkably well. Furthermore, we identify the location of Centaurus A’s SMBH with respect to its resolved jet core at λ 1.3 mm and conclude that the source’s event horizon shadow 4 should be visible at THz frequencies. This location further supports the universal scale invariance of black holes over a wide range of masses 5,6 © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Radio astronomy

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Search for Continuous Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars in the First Part of the Fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Observing Run

引用

Astrophysical Journal 2025年第2期983卷 99-99页

作者： Abac, A.G. Abbott, R. Abouelfettouh, I. Acernese, F. Ackley, K. Adhicary, S. Adhikari, N. Adhikari, R.X. Adkins, V.K. Agarwal, D. Agathos, M. Aghaei Abchouyeh, M. Aguiar, O.D. Aguilar, I. Aiello, L. Ain, A. Ajith, P. Akutsu, T. Albanesi, S. Alfaidi, R.A. Al-Jodah, A. Alléné, C. Allocca, A. Al-Shammari, S. Altin, P.A. Alvarez-Lopez, S. Amato, A. Amez-Droz, L. Amorosi, A. Amra, C. Ananyeva, A. Anderson, S.B. Anderson, W.G. Andia, M. Ando, M. Andrade, T. Andres, N. Andrés-Carcasona, M. Andrić, T. Anglin, J. Ansoldi, S. Antelis, J.M. Antier, S. Aoumi, M. Appavuravther, E.Z. Appert, S. Apple, S.K. Arai, K. Araya, A. Araya, M.C. Areeda, J.S. Argianas, L. Aritomi, N. Armato, F. Arnaud, N. Arogeti, M. Aronson, S.M. Ashton, G. Aso, Y. Assiduo, M. Assis de Souza Melo, S. Aston, S.M. Astone, P. Attadio, F. Aubin, F. AultONeal, K. Avallone, G. Babak, S. Badaracco, F. Badger, C. Bae, S. Bagnasco, S. Bagui, E. Baier, J.G. Baiotti, L. Bajpai, R. Baka, T. Ball, M. Ballardin, G. Ballmer, S.W. Banagiri, S. Banerjee, B. Bankar, D. Baral, P. Barayoga, J.C. Barish, B.C. Barker, D. Barneo, P. Barone, F. Barr, B. Barsotti, L. Barsuglia, M. Barta, D. Bartoletti, A.M. Barton, M.A. Bartos, I. Basak, S. Basalaev, A. Bassiri, R. Basti, A. Bates, D.E. Bawaj, M. Baxi, P. Bayley, J.C. Baylor, A.C. Baynard, P.A. Bazzan, M. Bedakihale, V.M. Beirnaert, F. Bejger, M. Belardinelli, D. Bell, A.S. Benedetto, V. Benoit, W. Bentley, J.D. Ben Yaala, M. Bera, S. Berbel, M. Bergamin, F. Berger, B.K. Bernuzzi, S. Beroiz, M. Bersanetti, D. Bertolini, A. Betzwieser, J. Beveridge, D. Bevins, N. Bhandare, R. Bhardwaj, U. Bhatt, R. Bhattacharjee, D. Bhaumik, S. Bhowmick, S. Bianchi, A. Bilenko, I.A. Billingsley, G. Binetti, A. Bini, S. Birnholtz, O. Biscoveanu, S. Bisht, A. Bitossi, M. Bizouard, M.-A. Blackburn, J.K. Blagg, L.A. Blair, C.D. Blair, D.G. Bobba, F. Bode, N. Boileau, G. Boldrini, M. Bolingbroke, G.N. Bolliand, A. Bonavena, L.D. Bondarescu, R. Bondu, F. Bonilla, E. Bonilla, M.S. Bonino, A. Bonnand, R. Booker, P. Borchers, A. Boschi, V. Bose, S. Boss Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) Potsdam D-14476 Germany LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena 91125 CA United States LIGO Hanford Observatory Richland 99352 WA United States Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno Fisciano Salerno I-84084 Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Napoli I-80126 Italy University of Warwick Coventry CV 47AL United Kingdom The Pennsylvania State University University Park 16802 PA United States University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee 53201 WI United States Louisiana State University Baton Rouge 70803 LA United States Université Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348 Belgium Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India Queen Mary University of London London E1 4NS United Kingdom Department of Physics and Astronomy Sejong University 209 Neungdong-ro Gwangjin-gu Seoul 143-747 South Korea Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais São José dos Campos São Paulo 12227-010 Brazil Stanford University Stanford 94305 CA United States Università di Roma Tor Vergata Roma I-00133 Italy INFN Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata Roma I-00133 Italy Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom Universiteit Antwerpen Antwerpen 2000 Belgium International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino Torino I-10125 Italy Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Jena D-07743 Germany Dipartimento di Fisica Università degli Studi di Torino Torino I-10125 Italy SUPA University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom OzGrav University of Western Australia Crawley 6009 WA

Continuous gravitational waves (CWs) emission from neutron stars carries information about their internal structure and equation of state, and it can provide tests of general relativity. We present a search for CWs from a set of 45 known pulsars in the first part of the fourth LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA observing run, known as O4a. We conducted a targeted search for each pulsar using three independent analysis methods considering single-harmonic and dual-harmonic emission models. We find no evidence of a CW signal in O4a data for both models and set upper limits on the signal amplitude and on the ellipticity, which quantifies the asymmetry in the neutron star mass distribution. For the single-harmonic emission model, 29 targets have the upper limit on the amplitude below the theoretical spin-down limit. The lowest upper limit on the amplitude is 6.4 × 10^-27 for the young energetic pulsar J0537-6910, while the lowest constraint on the ellipticity is 8.8 × 10^-9 for the bright nearby millisecond pulsar J0437-4715. Additionally, for a subset of 16 targets, we performed a narrowband search that is more robust regarding the emission model, with no evidence of a signal. We also found no evidence of nonstandard polarizations as predicted by the Brans-Dicke theory. © 2025. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

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Classical many-particle systems with unique disordered ground states

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Zhang, G. Stillinger, F.H. Torquato, S. Department of Chemistry Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544 Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University PrincetonNJ08544

Classical ground states (global energy-minimizing configurations) of many-particle systems arefitypically unique crystalline structures, implying zero enumeration entropy of distinct patterns (aside from trivial symmetry operations). By contrast, the few previously known disordered classical ground states of many-particle systems are all high-entropy (highly degenerate) states. Here we show computationally that our recently-proposed \perfect-glass" many-particle model [Sci. Rep., 6, 36963 (2016)] possesses disordered classical ground states with a zero entropy: a highly counterintuitive situation. For all of the system sizes, parameters, and space dimensions that we have numerically investigated, the disordered ground states are unique such that they can always be superposed onto each other or their mirror image. At low energies, the density of states obtained from simulations matches those calculated from the harmonic approximation near a single ground state, further confirming ground-state uniqueness. Our discovery provides singular examples in which entropy and disorder are at odds with one another. The zero-entropy ground states provide a unique perspective on the celebrated Kauzmann-entropy crisis in which the extrapolated entropy of a supercooled liquid drops below that of the crystal. We expect that our disordered unique patterns to be of value infields beyond glass physics, including applications in cryptography as pseudo-random functions with tunable computational complexity. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ground state

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All-sky search for long-duration gravitational-wave bursts in the third Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo run

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Physical Review D 2021年第10期104卷 102001-102001页

作者： R. Abbott T. D. Abbott F. Acernese K. Ackley C. Adams N. Adhikari R. X. Adhikari V. B. Adya C. Affeldt D. Agarwal M. Agathos K. Agatsuma N. Aggarwal O. D. Aguiar L. Aiello A. Ain P. Ajith T. Akutsu S. Albanesi A. Allocca P. A. Altin A. Amato C. Anand S. Anand A. Ananyeva S. B. Anderson W. G. Anderson M. Ando T. Andrade N. Andres T. Andrić S. V. Angelova S. Ansoldi J. M. Antelis S. Antier S. Appert Koji Arai Koya Arai Y. Arai S. Araki A. Araya M. C. Araya J. S. Areeda M. Arène N. Aritomi N. Arnaud S. M. Aronson K. G. Arun H. Asada Y. Asali G. Ashton Y. Aso M. Assiduo S. M. Aston P. Astone F. Aubin C. Austin S. Babak F. Badaracco M. K. M. Bader C. Badger S. Bae Y. Bae A. M. Baer S. Bagnasco Y. Bai L. Baiotti J. Baird R. Bajpai M. Ball G. Ballardin S. W. Ballmer A. Balsamo G. Baltus S. Banagiri D. Bankar J. C. Barayoga C. Barbieri B. C. Barish D. Barker P. Barneo F. Barone B. Barr L. Barsotti M. Barsuglia D. Barta J. Bartlett M. A. Barton I. Bartos R. Bassiri A. Basti M. Bawaj J. C. Bayley A. C. Baylor M. Bazzan B. Bécsy V. M. Bedakihale M. Bejger I. Belahcene V. Benedetto D. Beniwal T. F. Bennett J. D. Bentley M. BenYaala F. Bergamin B. K. Berger S. Bernuzzi D. Bersanetti A. Bertolini J. Betzwieser D. Beveridge R. Bhandare U. Bhardwaj D. Bhattacharjee S. Bhaumik I. A. Bilenko G. Billingsley S. Bini R. Birney O. Birnholtz S. Biscans M. Bischi S. Biscoveanu A. Bisht B. Biswas M. Bitossi M.-A. Bizouard J. K. Blackburn C. D. Blair D. G. Blair R. M. Blair F. Bobba N. Bode M. Boer G. Bogaert M. Boldrini L. D. Bonavena F. Bondu E. Bonilla R. Bonnand P. Booker B. A. Boom R. Bork V. Boschi N. Bose S. Bose V. Bossilkov V. Boudart Y. Bouffanais A. Bozzi C. Bradaschia P. R. Brady A. Bramley A. Branch M. Branchesi J. E. Brau M. Breschi T. Briant J. H. Briggs A. Brillet M. Brinkmann P. Brockill A. F. Brooks J. Brooks D. D. Brown S. Brunett G. Bruno R. Bruntz J. Bryant T. Bulik H. J. Bulten A. Buonanno R. Buscicchio D. Buskulic C. Buy R. L. Byer L. Cadonati G. Cagnoli C. Cahillane J. Calderón Bustillo J. D. Callaghan T. A. Callis LIGO Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California 91125 USA Louisiana State University Baton Rouge Louisiana 70803 USA Dipartimento di Farmacia Università di Salerno I-84084 Fisciano Salerno Italy INFN Sezione di Napoli Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy OzGrav School of Physics and Astronomy Monash University Clayton 3800 Victoria Australia LIGO Livingston Observatory Livingston Louisiana 70754 USA University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee Wisconsin 53201 USA OzGrav Australian National University Canberra Australian Capital Territory 0200 Australia Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) D-30167 Hannover Germany Leibniz Universität Hannover D-30167 Hannover Germany Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics Pune 411007 India University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1TN United Kingdom Theoretisch-Physikalisches Institut Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena D-07743 Jena Germany University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT United Kingdom Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration & Research in Astrophysics (CIERA) Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais 12227-010 São José dos Campos São Paulo Brazil Gravity Exploration Institute Cardiff University Cardiff CF24 3AA United Kingdom INFN Sezione di Pisa I-56127 Pisa Italy International Centre for Theoretical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Bengaluru 560089 India Gravitational Wave Science Project National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan Advanced Technology Center National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Mitaka City Tokyo 181-8588 Japan INFN Sezione di Torino I-10125 Torino Italy Università di Napoli “Federico II ” Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo I-80126 Napoli Italy Université de Lyon Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 CNRS Institut Lumière Matière F-69622 Villeurbanne France

After the detection of gravitational waves from compact binary coalescences, the search for transient gravitational-wave signals with less well-defined waveforms for which matched filtering is not well suited is one of the frontiers for gravitational-wave astronomy. Broadly classified into “short” ≲1 s and “long” ≳1 s duration signals, these signals are expected from a variety of astrophysical processes, including non-axisymmetric deformations in magnetars or eccentric binary black hole coalescences. In this work, we present a search for long-duration gravitational-wave transients from Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo’s third observing run from April 2019 to March 2020. For this search, we use minimal assumptions for the sky location, event time, waveform morphology, and duration of the source. The search covers the range of 2–500 s in duration and a frequency band of 24–2048 Hz. We find no significant triggers within this parameter space; we report sensitivity limits on the signal strength of gravitational waves characterized by the root-sum-square amplitude hrss as a function of waveform morphology. These hrss limits improve upon the results from the second observing run by an average factor of 1.8.

关键词： Astrophysical studies of gravity Gravitational wave detection Gravitational wave sources Gravitational waves

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