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Solitons in optical metamaterials with trial solution approach and Bäcklund transform of Riccati equation

Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 2015年第12期12卷 5940-5948页

作者： Arnous, A.H. Mirzazadeh, Mohammad Moshokoa, Seithuti Medhekar, Sarang Zhou, Qin Mahmood, M.F. Biswas, Anjan Belic, Milivoj Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics Higher Institute of Engineering El Shorouk Egypt Department of Engineering Sciences University of Guilan Rudsar-Vajargah44891-63157 Iran Department of Mathematics and Statistics Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria0008 South Africa Centre for Applied Physics Central University of Jharkhand Brambe Ranchi835205 India School of Electronics and Information Engineering Wuhan Donghu University Wuhan430212 China Department of Mathematics Howard University WashingtonDC20059 United States Department of Mathematical Sciences Delaware State University DoverDE19901-2277 United States Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University Jeddah21589 Saudi Arabia Science Program Texas A and M University at Qatar P.O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar

This paper obtains soliton solutions in optical metamaterials. There are a couple of integration techniques that are applied to the nonlinear Schrödinger's equation, with full nonlinearity, that serves as the governing model. These are trial solution approach and application of Bäcklund transform to Riccati equation. There are four types of nonlinear media that are studied in this paper. They are Kerr law that is also referred to as cubic law, power law, parabolic law occasionally referred to as cubic-quintic law and finally dual-power law nonlinearity. Bright, dark and singular soliton solutions are obtained in optical metamaterials with the aid of the two algorithms. As a byproduct of these two approaches, singular periodic solutions and plane wave solutions are also listed although these are not utilized in optical metamaterials. There are several constraint conditions that naturally fall out from the solution structure. These conditions guarantee the existence of these variety of solutions. Copyright © 2015 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.

关键词： Solitons

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Tracking an extended maneuvering target using a novel modeling of systems with random parameters

Tracking an extended maneuvering target using a novel modeli...

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54th Israel Annual Conference on Aerospace Sciences, IACAS 2014

作者： Sigalov, Daniel Michaeli, Tomer Oshman, Yaakov Interdepartmental Program for Applied Mathematics Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Israel Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics Weizmann Institute of Science Israel Department of Aerospace Engineering Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Israel

ISBN: (纸本)9781632662651

Extended target tracking arises in situations where the resolution of the sensor is high enough to allow multiple returns from the target of interest corresponding to its different parts. Various formulations and solutions may be found in the literature. We concentrate on the data association aspect involved in the tracking problem and propose utilization of a general framework that allows reformulation of many seemingly unrelated problems in a similar way. Consequently, the extended object tracking problem is stated as a single generalized dynamical system with random coefficients and solved using a standard IMM algorithm.

关键词： Dynamical systems

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Diagnosing hyperuniformity in two-dimensional, disordered, jammed packings of soft spheres

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Physical Review E 2015年第1期91卷 012302-012302页

作者： Remi Dreyfus Ye Xu Tim Still L. A. Hough A. G. Yodh Salvatore Torquato Complex Assemblies of Soft Matter CNRS-Rhodia-UPenn UMI 3254 Bristol Pennsylvania 19007-3624 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104-6396 USA Department of Chemistry Department of Physics Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials and Program in Applied and Computational Mathematics Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA

Hyperuniformity characterizes a state of matter for which (scaled) density fluctuations diminish towards zero at the largest length scales. However, the task of determining whether or not an image of an experimental system is hyperuniform is experimentally challenging due to finite-resolution, noise, and sample-size effects that influence characterization measurements. Here we explore these issues, employing video optical microscopy to study hyperuniformity phenomena in disordered two-dimensional jammed packings of soft spheres. Using a combination of experiment and simulation we characterize the possible adverse effects of particle polydispersity, image noise, and finite-size effects on the assignment of hyperuniformity, and we develop a methodology that permits improved diagnosis of hyperuniformity from real-space measurements. The key to this improvement is a simple packing reconstruction algorithm that incorporates particle polydispersity to minimize the free volume. In addition, simulations show that hyperuniformity in finite-sized samples can be ascertained more accurately in direct space than in reciprocal space. Finally, our experimental colloidal packings of soft polymeric spheres are shown to be effectively hyperuniform.

关键词： COLLOIDS FOURIER transforms SPECTRAL energy distribution MICROGELS MICROSCOPY

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Online game-based programming learning for high school students — A case study

Online game-based programming learning for high school stude...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Thiago Reis da Silva Eduardo Henrique da Silva Aranha Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Graduation Program in Computer Systems - PPgSC Natal Brazil Department of Informatics and Applied Mathematics-DIMAp Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Natal Brazil

[Context] The inclusion of programming concepts in high school education has been emerging, since applying computing in high school education is a way to motivate and prepare students into the field of technology. [Objective] This work evaluates the teaching programming games for high school students based on different forms of distance education (online video lessons, broadcasted live or recorded, and tutorials in PDF). [Method] A case study was performed in the second half of 2014 with 30 high school students enrolled in an online game programming challenge. The students had access to the different formats of online lessons and they were monitored by tutors in a online learning environment. [Results] Over 75% of the students performed and sent all the activities requested in the study, suggesting that all investigated online formats are effective. However, 85% of students indicated their preference to use recorded video classes to learn programming. Finally, 100% of the students said that they would participate again in such challenge, showing the attractiveness of the game development. [Conclusions] We considered that online formats (specially recorded video) can be used to promote the development of games to introduce programming knowledge in high school education. However, the lessons learned (difficults found and improvement suggestions) should be taken in consideration to implement online solutions in large scale.

关键词： programming profession Games Tutorials Context Training

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Journeys from quantum optics to quantum technology

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Barnett, Stephen M. Beige, Almut Ekert, Artur Garraway, Barry M. Keitel, Christoph H. Kendon, Viv Lein, Manfred Milburn, Gerard J. Moya-Cessa, Héctor M. Murao, Mio Pachos, Jiannis K. Palma, G. Massimo Paspalakis, Emmanuel Phoenix, Simon J.D. Piraux, Bernard Plenio, Martin B. Sanders, Barry C. Twamley, Jason Vidiella-Barranco, A. Kim, M.S. School of Physics and Astronomy University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom School of Physics and Astronomy University of Leeds LeedsLS2 9JT United Kingdom Mathematical Institute University of Oxford Centre for Quantum Technologies National University of Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Sussex Falmer BrightonBN1 9QH United Kingdom Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik Saupfercheckweg 1 Heidelberg69117 Germany Department of Physics Durham University South Road DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Institute for Theoretical Physics Leibniz Universität Hannover Hannover30167 Germany Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems School of Mathematics and Physics University of Queensland 4072 Australia Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica Óptica y Electrónica Calle Luis Enrique Erro No. 1 Sta. Ma. Tonantzintla Pue.CP 72840 Mexico Department of Physics Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Japan NEST Istituto Nanoscienze CNR Dipartimento di Fisica e Chimica Università degli Studi di Palermo via Archirafi 36 PalermoI-90123 Italy Materials Science Department School of Natural Sciences University of Patras Patras265 04 Greece Department of Applied Mathematics and Sciences Khalifa University P.O. Box: 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Universite Catholique de Louvain Louvain-la-NeuveB-1348 Belgium Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 Ulm89069 Germany Institute for Quantum Science and Technology University of Calgary ABT2N 1N4 Canada Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui230026 China Shanghai Branch CAS Center for Excellence Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China Program in Quantum Information Science Canadian Institute for Advanced Research TorontoONM5G 1Z8 Canada Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems Department of Physics and

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Corrigendum to ''Modelling cross-reactivity and memory in the cellular adaptive immune response to influenza infection in the host'' [***. Biol. 413 (2017) 34-49]

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Journal of theoretical biology 2017年 419卷 394页

作者： Ada W C Yan Pengxing Cao Jane M Heffernan Jodie McVernon Kylie M Quinn Nicole L La Gruta Karen L Laurie James M McCaw School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia. Department of Mathematics and Statistics York University Toronto Ontario Canada M3J 1P3 Modelling Infection and Immunity Lab Centre for Disease Modelling York Institute for Health Research York University Toronto Ontario Canada M3J1P3. Doherty Epidemiology Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics Melbourne School of Population and Global Health University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Modelling and Simulation Infection and Immunity Theme Murdoch Children's Research Institute Parkville VIC 3052 Australia. Department of Microbiology and Immunology Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Infection and Immunity Program and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Biomedicine Discovery Institute Monash University Clayton VIC 3800 Australia. WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia School of Applied and Biomedical Sciences Federation University Churchill VIC 3842 Australia Department of Microbiology and Immunology Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia. School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3010 Australia Modelling and Simulation Infection and Immunity Theme Murdoch Children's Research Institute Parkville VIC 3052 Australia. Electronic address: jamesm@unimelb.edu.au.

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Experimental development and implementation of computer-based quiz games in general chemistry for engineering

Experimental development and implementation of computer-base...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： S. S. Ling F. Saffre D. L. Gater L. Bt. Halim A. F. Isakovic Department of Preparatory Program Technology and Research Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates BT Research and Innovation Ipswich United Kingdom Department of Applied Mathematics & Sciences Science Department National University of Malaysia Bangi Malaysia Khalifa Semiconductor Research Center Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates

ISBN: (纸本)9781479984558

Interactive learning through computer quiz games has been introduced to improve teaching and learning in a freshman engineering chemistry course. This is accomplished through a series of JAVA-based, weekly general chemistry quiz games, developed and implemented as a supplemental and augmentative tool in delivering freshmen chemistry for engineering majors. The introduction of quiz game is anticipated to increase the engagement of students in chemistry classes by improving their attitudes towards chemistry and their overall chemistry achievements. Kolb's four-stage learning cycle is introduced as a possible model for a role the computer quiz games could have in the overall learning process, where the games are anticipated to serve as alternate mode of learning and as an additional motivational tool. In addition to introducing weekly computer quiz games, we report on the effort made to assess their effectiveness. For this purpose, we propose a novel chemistry achievement test developed in this study, Freshman Engineering Chemistry Aptitude Test (FECAT), which aims to comprehensively cover the freshmen engineering chemistry course. Additionally, we implemented an attitude questionnaire. The findings of this pilot study help to advance our understanding of the practical contribution of game-based learning to students' achievement in chemistry and also their attitudes towards learning chemistry at university. At the time of the pilot implementation, we hypothesized that the major benefit of the interactive game would be an increase in students' overall interest in chemistry, with an associated improvement in achievements in the course.

关键词： Chemistry Games Computers Engineering students Market research Knowledge engineering

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Proceedings from the IV Brazilian Meeting on Research Integrity, Science and Publication Ethics (IV BRISPE)

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Research Integrity and Peer Review 2017年第1期2卷 1-12页

作者： Sonia Vasconcelos Edson Watanabe L. P. Garcia E. Duarte M. C. Cassimiro M. M. P. Diós-Borges A. M. M. Soares C. H. Debenedito Silva A. A. P. Santa Rosa G. A. Fófano H. S. Pinheiro A. M. Gollner C. C. Santos S. M. R. Vasconcelos D. C. Machado P. V. S. Souza R. T. Souza M. D Ribeiro P. Biancovilli M. Fontes-Domingues V. C. Garbocci R. Neves M. D. Ribeiro R. Amaral M. M. M. Machado P. M. Lourenço V. Ronchi A. C. Furnival L. S. Gracioso M. D. P. Silva F. M. Litto M. Patrão Neves A. S. Carvalho J. Araújo S. Liskauskas R. Kant de Lima S. C. Bourguignon F. R. Mota H. G. Falcão J. C. Amaral A. C. Quintela A. Schtscherbyna A. Palma C. A. Guimarães D. Foguel E. H. Watanabe R. M. V. R. Almeida J. R. Lapa e Silva M. M. Sorenson B. C. Machado A. P. Vicentini A. A. B. Almodóvar R. M. Catarino H. H. Caiaffa Filho E. Damasio J. Leta L. V. R. Rezende S. Cruz-Riascos A. Abreu M. Russo P. G. Camacho M. Palácios N. R. A. Silva M. R. C. G. Novaes D. Guilhem H. S Selistre-de-Araujo A. S. C. Abreu Science Education Program Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Committee on Research Integrity (CRI) Advisory Council for Research Ethics (CTEP) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Electrical Engineering Program (PEE) Institute Alberto Luiz Coimbra of Graduate Studies and Research in Engineering (COPPE) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA) Brasília Federal District Brazil Secretary for Health Surveillance Ministry of Health Brasília Federal District Brazil Scientific Integrity Committee Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC/FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Scientific Integrity Committee Oswaldo Cruz Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IOC/FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Bioethics Institute Catholic University of Portugal Porto Portugal Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil National Cancer Institute (INCA) Cancer Hospital IV - Ethics Committee for Clinical Research Rio de Janeiro Brazil Federal General Hospital of Bonsucesso Rio de Janeiro Brazil Human Research Ethics Committee University Hospital of Juiz de Fora (HU-UJFJ) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil Faculty of Southeastern Minas Gerais (FACSUM) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil São Pedro Educational Institute (IESPe) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil University Hospital of Juiz de Fora (HU-UJFJ) Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil Department of Biology and Sciences Pedro II School Rio de Janeiro Brazil Science Education Program Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IBqM/UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Professional Masters Program in Science Education Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Research Ethics Committee Clementino Fraga Filho University Hos

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Time-stepping approach for solving upper-bound problems: Application to two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection

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Physical Review E 2015年第4期92卷 043012-043012页

作者： Baole Wen Gregory P. Chini Rich R. Kerswell Charles R. Doering Program in Integrated Applied Mathematics University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire 03824 USA Center for Fluid Physics University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire 03824 USA The Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New Hampshire Durham New Hampshire 03824 USA School of Mathematics University of Bristol University Walk Bristol BS8 1TW United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1040 USA Department of Mathematics University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1043 USA Center for the Study of Complex Systems University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109-1107 USA

An alternative computational procedure for numerically solving a class of variational problems arising from rigorous upper-bound analysis of forced-dissipative infinite-dimensional nonlinear dynamical systems, including the Navier-Stokes and Oberbeck-Boussinesq equations, is analyzed and applied to Rayleigh-Bénard convection. A proof that the only steady state to which this numerical algorithm can converge is the required global optimal of the relevant variational problem is given for three canonical flow configurations. In contrast with most other numerical schemes for computing the optimal bounds on transported quantities (e.g., heat or momentum) within the “background field” variational framework, which employ variants of Newton's method and hence require very accurate initial iterates, the new computational method is easy to implement and, crucially, does not require numerical continuation. The algorithm is used to determine the optimal background-method bound on the heat transport enhancement factor, i.e., the Nusselt number (Nu), as a function of the Rayleigh number (Ra), Prandtl number (Pr), and domain aspect ratio L in two-dimensional Rayleigh-Bénard convection between stress-free isothermal boundaries (Rayleigh's original 1916 model of convection). The result of the computation is significant because analyses, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations have suggested a range of exponents α and β in the presumed Nu∼PrαRaβ scaling relation. The computations clearly show that for Ra≤1010 at fixed L=22,Nu≤0.106Pr0Ra5/12, which indicates that molecular transport cannot generally be neglected in the “ultimate” high-Ra regime.

关键词： RAYLEIGH-Benard convection RESEARCH BOUNDS (mathematics) CONVECTIVE flow (Fluid dynamics) NATURAL heat convection NUSSELT number

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Learning ordered representations with nested dropout 31

Learning ordered representations with nested dropout

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31st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2014

作者： Rippel, Oren Gelbart, Michael A. Adams, Ryan P. Department of Mathematics School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University United States Program in Biophysics School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781634393973

In this paper, we present results on ordered representations of data in which different dimensions have different degrees of importance. To learn these representations we introduce nested dropout, a procedure for stochastically removing coherent nested sets of hidden units in a neural network. We first present a sequence of theoretical results for the special case of a semi-linear autoencoder. We rigorously show that the application of nested dropout enforces identifiability of the units, which leads to an exact equivalence with PCA. We then extend the algorithm to deep models and demonstrate the relevance of ordered representations to a number of applications. Specifically, we use the ordered property of the learned codes to construct hash-based data structures that permit very fast retrieval, achieving retrieval in time logarithmic in the database size and independent of the dimensionality of the representation. This allows codes that are hundreds of times longer than currently feasible for retrieval. We therefore avoid the diminished quality associated with short codes, while still performing retrieval that is competitive in speed with existing methods. We also show that ordered representations are a promising way to learn adaptive compression for efficient online data reconstruction. Copyright 2014 by the author(s).

关键词： Learning systems

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