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Challenges for and Pathways toward Li-MetalBased All-Solid-State Batteries

ACS ENERGY LETTERS 2021年第4期6卷 1399-1404页

作者： Albertus, Paul Anandan, Venkataramani Ban, Chunmei Balsara, Nitash Belharouak, Ilias Buettner-Garrett, Josh Chen, Zonghai Daniel, Claus Doeff, Marca Dudney, Nancy J. Dunn, Bruce Harris, Stephen J. Herle, Subramanya Herbert, Eric Kalnaus, Sergiy Libera, Joesph A. Lu, Dongping Martin, Steve McCloskey, Bryan D. McDowell, Matthew T. Meng, Y. Shirley Nanda, Jagjit Sakamoto, Jeff Self, Ethan C. Tepavcevic, Sanja Wachsman, Eric Wang, Chunsheng Westover, Andrew S. Xiao, Jie Yersak, Thomas Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 United States Ford Motor Company Dearborn Michigan 48121 United States Mechanical Engineering Department University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309 United States Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Materials Sciences Division University of California Berkeley California 94720 United States Energy and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 United States Solid Power Inc. Louisville Colorado 80027 United States Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National Laboratory 9700 South Cass Avenue Argonne Illinois 60439 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division University of California Berkeley California 94720 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Los Angeles California 90095 United States Applied Materials Inc. 3225 Oakmead Village Drive B12_2F6 Santa Clara California 95054 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Michigan Technological University Houghton Michigan 49931 United States Energy and Environmental Directorate Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 United States Department of Materials Science & Engineering Iowa State University of Science & Technology Ames Iowa 50011 United States Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332 United States Department of NanoEngineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 United States Chemical and Materials Systems Laborat

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On-Chip Unidirectional Waveguiding for Surface Acoustic Waves along a Defect Line in a Triangular Lattice

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Physical Review Applied 2023年第2期19卷 024053-024053页

作者： Yun Zhou Naiqing Zhang Dia’aaldin J. Bisharat Robert J. Davis Zichen Zhang James Friend Prabhakar R. Bandaru Daniel F. Sievenpiper Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093-0411 California USA Department of Electrical Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093-0411 California USA Program in Materials Science University of California San Diego La Jolla 92093-0411 California USA

The latest advances in topological physics have yielded a toolset for highly robust wave-propagation modalities for overcoming obstacles involving beam steering and lateral diffraction in surface acoustic waves (SAWs). However, extant proposals are limited to the exploitation of spin- or valley-polarized phases and rely on nonzero Berry curvature effects. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a highly robust guiding principle, which instead employs an intrinsic chirality of phase vortices and maintains a zero Berry curvature for SAWs. Based on a line defect within a true triangular phononic lattice, the guided SAW mode spans a wide bandwidth [(Δω/ωcenter) ∼ 10%] and is well confined in the lateral direction with 3-dB attenuation within half of a unit cell. SAW routing around sharp bends with negligible backscatter is demonstrated. The on-chip integrated design permits unidirectional SAW modes that can enable considerable miniaturization of SAW-based devices, with applications ranging from radio-frequency devices to quantum information transduction.

关键词： Line defects Ultrasonics Acoustic metamaterials Phononic crystals Topological insulators Triangular lattice Waveguides Surface acoustic wave

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Multi-Scale Characterization of Supersaturated and Intermetallic Nanoscale Phases in an Al-Mg Alloy Produced by High-Pressure Torsion

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wu, Yun-Hsuan Bhatta, Laxman Lee, Isshu Figueiredo, Roberto B. Kawasaki, Megumi Santala, Melissa K. Materials Science Program Oregon State University CorvallisOR97331 United States School of Mechanical Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Oregon State University CorvallisOR97331 United States Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais MG Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil

Nanostructured Al-Mg alloy was produced from disks of Mg sandwiched between Al through 100 turns of high-pressure torsion (HPT) at 6.0 GPa at room temperature, resulting in high microhardness of Hv 300–350 in regions experiencing a nominal shear strain greater than ~3500. While compositional mapping using scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed a uniform distribution of Mg through the disk thickness at 1.5 and 3.0 mm from the disk center, transmission electron microscopy EDS showed a heterogeneous distribution of Mg remained on the nanoscale. Although HPT induces enough mixing to result in face-center-cubic Al with supersaturations of Mg of up to »20 at% near the disk surfaces, β-Al3Mg2, γ-Al12Mg17 and Al2Mg intermetallic phases were identified by electron diffraction throughout the disk thickness in regions experiencing high shear strain. This study captures detailed compositional heterogeneity throughout the sample thickness following intense mechanical alloying, nanoscale re-structuring, and phase transformations. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnesium alloys

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Wireless,multimodal sensors for continuous measurement of pressure,temperature,and hydration of patients in wheelchair

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 479-493页

作者： Seokjoo Cho Hyeonseok Han Hyunwoo Park Sung-Uk Lee Jae-Hwan Kim Sung Woo Jeon Mengqiu Wang Raudel Avila Zhaoqian Xi Kabseok Ko Minsu Park Jungyup Lee Myungwoo Choi Je-Sang Lee Weon Gi Min Byeong-Ju Lee Soyeong Lee Jungrak Choi Jimin Gu Jaeho Park Min Seong Kim Junseong Ahn Osman Gul Chankyu Han Gihun Lee Seunghwan Kim Kyuyoung Kim Jeonghyun Kim Chang-Mo Kang Jahyun Koo Sung Soo Kwak Sungbong Kim Dong Yun Choi Seokwoo Jeon Hyung Jin Sung Yong Bae Park Minkyu Je Young Tae Cho Yong Suk Oh Inkyu Park Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Advanced 3D Printing Technology Development Division Korea Atomic Energy Research InstituteDaejeon 34057Republic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Department of Engineering MechanicsDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023P.R.China Department of Mechanical Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA DUT-BSU Joint Institute Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116023China Ningbo Institute of Dalian University of Technology Ningbo 315016China Department of Electronics Engineering Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341Republic of Korea Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIL 60208USA Sibel Health Inc NilesIL 60714USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering KAIST Institute for The Nanocentury(KINC)Korea Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34141Republic of Korea Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation&Convalescent HospitalGimhae 50924Republic of Korea Department of planning and development Gimhae Hansol Rehabilitation&Convalescent HospitalGimhae 50924Republic of Korea Department of rehabilitation medicine Pusan national university hospitalBusan 49241Republic of Korea Department of AI Convergence Network Ajou UniversitySuwon 16499Republic of Korea Department of Electronic Convergence Engineering Kwangwoon UniversitySeoul 01897Republic of Korea Korea Photonics Technology Institute Gwangju 61007Republic of Korea School of Biomedical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health Korea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea Center

Individuals who are unable to walk independently spend most of the day in a *** population is at high risk for developing pressure injuries caused by ***,early diagnosis and prevention of these injuries still remain ***,we introduce battery-free,wireless,multimodal sensors and a movable system for continuous measurement of pressure,temperature,and hydration at skin *** device design includes a crack-activated pressure sensor with nanoscale encapsulations for enhanced sensitivity,a temperature sensor for measuring skin temperature,and a galvanic skin response sensor for measuring skin hydration *** movable system enables power harvesting,and data communication to multiple wireless devices mounted at skin-cushion interfaces of wheelchair users over full body *** evaluations and numerical simulations of the devices,together with clinical trials for wheelchair patients,demonstrate the feasibility and stability of the sensor system for preventing pressure injuries caused by sitting.

关键词： injuries modal mounted

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Thermoelectrically Elevated Hydrogel Evaporation for Personal Cooling under Extreme Heat

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Pei, Yu Feng, Tianshi Chambers, Robert Cai, Shengqiang Chen, Renkun Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States

Extreme heat events with wet-bulb temperatures (WBT) above 35°C pose serious risks to human survival, and conventional hydrogel evaporative cooling alone may not provide sufficient relief as it must be maintained at a sufficiently high temperature to achieve effective evaporation in hot, humid conditions. This study integrates thermoelectric devices (TEDs) with hydrogels to create an effective personal cooling solution. TEDs pump heat away from the skin to maintain comfort while simultaneously increasing the hydrogel’s temperature to enhance evaporation. This hybrid system outperforms TEDs or hydrogel alone in extreme conditions (temperature up to 55°C and relative humidity up to 88%, with WBT > 35°C) and can operate for over six hours with a manageable hydrogel and battery weight. The active temperature control of TEDs allows adaptation to changing thermal loads and environments. These results demonstrate the potential of hybrid evaporative and thermoelectric cooling as an efficient, adaptable, and sustainable personal cooling solution to combat extreme heat. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Evaporative cooling systems

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Packing fraction related transport in disordered quantum dot arrays

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Eshraghi, K. Natani, S. Bandaru, P. Program in Materials Science University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

Models to describe electrical conduction in quantum dot (QD) constituted films often overlook the effects of geometric disorder. We address related issues by examining the influence of the QD packing fraction (PF) on the charge transport and transmission in QD arrays. Using transfer matrix based algorithms and Monte Carlo simulations, we quantify the transmission across disordered QD assemblies. Our results indicate a critical packing fraction (PFc) of ∼ 0.64, marking a transition from a non-conducting to a conducting state, aligning well with experimental observations and analytical predictions. This study enhances the understanding of transport in QD arrays, with implications for designing efficient electronic devices based on disordered nanoscale systems. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Semiconductor quantum dots

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Tunable Multimodal Guided Surface Lattice Resonances in Index-Discontinuous Environments

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Suichu Yao, Kan Huang, Wentao Zhao, Xuezheng Zheng, Yuebing Pan, Yunlu Key Laboratory of Micro-Systems and Micro-Structures Manufacturing Ministry of Education School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150001 China Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering Material Science and Engineering Program Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States

Surface lattice resonances (SLRs) in metasurfaces are promising in applications of sub-wavelength devices, owning properties such as high quality (high-Q) factors, large local field enhancement and extensive long-range interaction. The tunable peak position and multimodal resonances of SLRs further enhance their appeal for flexible and multi-wavelength light-matter interactions. Despite these advantages, the realization of tunable multimodal SLRs often requires reconfiguring the lattices, leading to limited tunability. Furthermore, current high-Q SLR implementations necessitate a homogeneous dielectric environment, restricting potential applications such as biosensors that are typically operated in an aqueous or air cladding on a substrate. Here we present guided-SLRs (gSLRs), which are easily accessible in index-discontinuous environments while retaining the multimodal property and straightforward tunability of mode number, resonance wavelengths and mode coupling strengths. The gSLRs are achieved by coupling the scattered light from metasurface units into a slab waveguide, creating a light propagating channel in the lattice plane within an index-asymmetric environment. Tailoring the radiation pattern of individual units with guided transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes, multimodal resonances in both orthogonal and parallel coupling directions are accomplished. The mode number and resonance wavelengths can be easily controlled by adjusting the waveguide configuration, while the mode coupling strength is tuned by the vertical position of lattices in the slab. Further shift of the multimodal gSLRs from visible to near-infrared is achieved by introducing a gold backplane. The easy-to-access, flexibly tunable and multimodal gSLRs in inhomogeneous media offer a promising solution to advancing the realization of ultrathin and ultracompact nano-optical and optoelectronic devices. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Waveguides

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Effect of surface segregation on the oxidation resistance of Cu3Pt(100)

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Physical Review materials 2022年第2期6卷 025801-025801页

作者： Chaoran Li Yaguang Zhu Dongxiang Wu Jorge Anibal Boscoboinik Guangwen Zhou Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York at Binghamton New York 13902 USA Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA

Alloying element segregation often occurs under a reactive environment but its interplay with the subsequent surface oxidation of the alloy remains unclear. Using synchrotron-based ambient-pressure x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we dynamically monitor the surface segregation in Cu3Pt(100) in response to temperature and oxygen gas. Vacuum annealing leads to surface segregation of Cu along with the enrichment of Pt in the subsurface region. Upon switching to the O2 atmosphere, dissociative chemisorption of oxygen does not change the surface segregation profile from that under the vacuum annealing condition. A stepwise increase in the oxygen pressure results in the transformation pathway of Cu→Cu2O→CuO, in which the selective oxidation of Cu gives rise to further accumulation of Pt underneath the oxide/alloy interface that hinders the supply of Cu from the bulk to the oxide/alloy interface, thereby leading to the termination of the surface oxidation after the Cu2O→CuO conversion is completed. This differs from the transformation pathway of Cu→Cu2O→Cu2O/CuO for the oxidation of pure Cu and Cu-Au alloys, in which the oxidation of Cu continues and the Cu2O/CuO bilayer growth is constantly maintained. These key differences provide useful insight into alloy design for controlling the surface properties such as corrosion resistance and catalytic performance of Cu base alloys.

关键词： Surface & interfacial phenomena Alloys X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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Customizable wave tailoring materials enabled by nonlinear bilevel inverse design

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： MacNider, Brianna Xiu, Haning Qian, Kai Frankel, Ian Kim, Hyunsun Alicia Boechler, Nicholas Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Department of Structural Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of California La Jolla San DiegoCA92093 United States

Passive transformation of waves via nonlinear systems is ubiquitous in settings ranging from acoustics to optics and electromagnetics. Passivity is of particular importance for responding rapidly to stimuli and nonlinearity enormously expands signal transformability compared to linear systems due to the breaking of superposition. It is well known that different types of nonlinearity yield vastly different effects on propagating signals, which raises the question of "what precise nonlinearity is the best for a given wave tailoring application?" Considering a one-dimensional spring-mass chain as a testbed, we couple the shape optimization of structures for tailored nonlinear constitutive responses with reduced-order nonlinear dynamical inverse design. Using minimization of peak kinetic energy transmission from impact as a case study, we identify ideal nonlinear constitutive responses and the geometries needed to achieve them. As part of this, we show the large sensitivity of this metric to small changes in nonlinearity, and thus the need for high precision, free-form nonlinearity tailoring. We validate our predictions using impact experiments in a chain of nonlinear springs and masses. This work sets the foundation for broader passive nonlinear mechanical wave tailoring material design, with applications to computing, signal processing, shock mitigation, and autonomous materials. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Kinetic energy

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Atomistic mechanisms of the initial oxidation of stepped Cu3Au(100)

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Physical Review B 2022年第7期105卷 075422-075422页

作者： Yaguang Zhu Dongxiang Wu Chaoran Li Xiao Tong J. Anibal Boscoboinik Jerzy T. Sadowski Guangwen Zhou Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York Binghamton New York 13902 USA Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA

Alloy oxidation is complex and involves several critical processes that lack understanding on the atomic level. Here, we report an atomistic picture of the initial-stage oxidation of stepped Cu3Au(100) using a combination of surface science tools and modeling to illuminate the microscopic processes underlying oxygen-adsorption-induced structural and compositional changes. Pristine Cu3Au(100) consists of wide CuAu-terminated terraces and narrow Cu-terminated terraces separated by monatomic steps. Counterintuitive to the common expectations of the adsorbate-induced surface segregation of the more reactive alloy component, our observations demonstrate that the oxygen adsorption leads to the exfoliation of the outermost CuAu layer, thereby exposing the inner Cu plane to O attack. This occurs via the oxygen-assisted abstraction of Au and Cu atoms from step edges and CuAu terraces, which generates many Cu adatoms aggregating into Cu clusters and Au adatoms dissolving into the bulk. The oxygen adsorption onto fourfold hollow sites of the exposed Cu plane results in nucleation and growth of the c(2×2)−O superstructure, which can be fit well by the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov theory with a site-saturated nucleation mechanism.

关键词： Surface & interfacial phenomena Alloys Surfaces Density functional theory Ion beam analysis Scanning tunneling microscopy X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

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