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Gradient Design with Low-Tortuosity Overcoming Kinetic Limitations in High-Loading Solid-State Cathodes

Angewandte Chemie 2025年

作者： Guangzeng Cheng Jinping Yu Yonghui Wang Zhengyu Ju Yue Zhu Weiqian Tian Jingwei Chen Huanlei Wang Jingyi Wu Guihua Yu School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of China Qingdao 266404 China Materials Science and Engineering Program and Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA

The extensive commercialization of practical solid-state batteries (SSBs) necessitates the development of high-loading solid-state cathodes with fast charging capability. However, electrochemical kinetics are severely delayed in thick cathodes due to tortuous ion transport pathways and slow solid-solid ion diffusion, which limit the achievable capacity of SSBs at high current densities. In this work, we propose a conductivity gradient cathode with low-tortuosity to enable facile ion transport and counterbalance ion concentration gradient, thereby overcoming the kinetic limitations and achieving fast charging capabilities in thick cathodes. The LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 cathodes deliver a room-temperature (RT) capacities of 147 and 110 mAh g −1 at 5 C and 10 C, respectively, and meanwhile achieve a RT areal capacity of 3.3 mAh cm −2 at 3 C, enabling SSBs simultaneously high energy and power densities. The universality of this strategy is demonstrated in LiFePO 4 cathodes, providing a novel solution for fast charging and large-scale application of high-loading SSBs.

关键词： solid-state battery composite cathode high-loading gradient low-tortuosity

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The Shear Contribution to the Equation of State: A Universal Law for the Elastic Moduli of Solids

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Burns, Stephen J. Burns, Sean P. Materials Science Program Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627-0132 United States Mesoscale and Microscale Meteorology Division National Center for Atmospheric Research 3090 Center Green Drive BoulderCO80301 United States

Cauchy’s stress tensor, in the most generalized form, is known to be in two parts: a pressure plus octahedral shear stresses. Shear stress thermodynamics in pressurized and sheared systems are used to describe the physical shear properties of materials. Pressure alone does not fully describe solids although pressure is the basis for most equations of state. The thermal expansion coefficients are the major differences between normal and shear thermal strains. Shear-strain thermal expansion coefficients are central to predicting a material’s shear properties. Shear thermodynamics through the entropy-stress components predicts shear moduli proportional to a power-law in the specific volume. The concept is applied to all elastic moduli in solids and structures. Extensive empirical evidence supports elastic moduli that depend only on specific volume. The evidence is very extensive and leads to a new, generalized, universal, elastic moduli concept;it only applies to materials that support shear stresses i.e., solids. A shear equation of state is explored in detail with use of empirical data. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Elasticity

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Opto-thermoelectric pulling of light-absorbing particles

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Light(science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1686-1696页

作者： Linhan Lin Pavana Siddhartha Kollipara Abhay Kotnala Taizhi Jiang Yaoran Liu Xiaolei Peng Brian A.Korgel Yuebing Zheng Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Materials Science&Engineering Program and Texas Materials Institute The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Department of Precision InstrumentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Optomechanics arises from the photon momentum and its exchange with low-dimensional *** is well known that optical radiation exerts pressure on objects,pushing them along the light ***,optical pulling of an object against the light path is still a counter-intuitive ***,we present a general concept of optical pulling-opto-thermoelectric pulling(OTEP)—where the optical heating of a light-absorbing particle using a simple plane wave can pull the particle itself against the light *** irradiation orientation-directed pulling force imparts self-restoring behaviour to the particles,and three-dimensional(3D)trapping of single particles is achieved at an extremely low optical intensity of 10^(−2)mWμm^(−2).Moreover,the OTEP force can overcome the short trapping range of conventional optical tweezers and optically drive the particle flow up to a macroscopic *** concept of selfinduced opto-thermomechanical coupling is paving the way towards freeform optofluidic technology and lab-on-achip devices.

关键词： absorbing light trapping

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Effect of storage conditions on the dietary and pharmaceutical values of ginger oil, and modeling its dielectric properties

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Grasas y Aceites 2024年第4期75卷

作者： Abushal, S.A. Uguru, H. Akpomedaye, O. Kuzmin, A. Sami, R. Helal, M. Alsanei, W.A. Almehmadi, A.M. ALmasoudi, A.G. Program of Food Sciences and Nutrition Turabah University College Taif University Saudi Arabia Department of Agricultural Engineering Delta State University of Science and Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Electrical Engineering Delta State University of Science and Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Mechanization of Agricultural Products Processing National Research Mordovia State University Saransk Russia Scientific Laboratory of Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies Plekhanov Russian University of Economics Moscow Russia Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Sciences Taif University Saudi Arabia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Taif University Saudi Arabia Department of Food and Nutrition Faculty of Human Sciences and Design King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Nutrition Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences Umm Al-Qura University Makkah Saudi Arabia Program of Food Sciences and Nutrition Biology Department Branch of the College at Turbah Taif University Taif Saudi Arabia

This research was conducted to evaluate the impact of the storage conditions of ginger rhizomes on the nutritional and therapeutic properties of the ginger oil (GO). The physicochemical and phytochemical properties, fatty acid contents and dielectric constant (Ε′) of the GO were analyzed in accordance with standard guidelines. The findings revealed that the storage temperature significantly impacted the quality of GO (p ©2024 CSIC.

关键词： Polyunsaturated fatty acids

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3d Printable Ca(Oh)2-Based Geopolymer Concrete with Steel Fiber Reinforcement

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mortada, Youssef Hammoud, Ahmad Masoud, Laith Wyrzykowski, Mateusz Sirtoli, Davide Lura, Pietro Mansoor, Bilal Masad, Eyad Department of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&M University 575 Ross Street College StationTX77843 United States Mechanical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar P. O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar J. Mike Walker’66 Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States Concrete and Asphalt Laboratory Empa DübendorfCH-8600 Switzerland Institute for Building Materials ETH Zurich ZurichCH-8092 Switzerland Zachary Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States

This study explores the impact of varying steel fiber percentages (0%, 0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.2% of the binder by volume) on the mechanical properties of geopolymer concrete (GPC). Initial investigations on the GPC matrix involved characterization of mechanical properties through tests of compressive, flexural, and tensile strengths, which were conducted across all fiber percentages. The best results were obtained at 1.2% fiber content, with a more than doubling of the 28-day tensile strength and a 16% increase of the flexural strength relative to the material without steel fibers. The compressive strength was not affected and remained at around 40 MPa. The interlayer bond strength increased by 20%, and both the dynamic and the static elastic moduli improved, indicating an improvement in structural integrity and capacity. The early-age cracking risk was assessed by measurements of autogenous shrinkage, of self-induced stresses measured with the Dual Ring Tests, and compressive basic creep on the mixture with 1.2% fiber content. These tests demonstrated a significant reduction in shrinkage and slight decrease in self-induced stresses. Microstructure analysis using X-ray microtomography, SEM, and ASTM C642 tests further confirmed the improved structural integrity of the steel fiber-reinforced concrete. The optimal fiber content of 1.2% of the binder not only strengthens the geopolymer matrix but also improves its long-term stability and durability, making it a viable reinforcement choice for additive manufacturing and construction applications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Steel fibers

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Comparison of CMAS corrosion and sintering induced microstructural characteristics of APS thermal barrier coatings

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Journal of materials science & Technology 2019年第3期35卷 440-447页

作者： Yiyou Wu Hua Luo Canying Cai Yanguo Wang Yichun Zhou Li Yang Guangwen Zhou School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan University Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Materials & Application Technology of Ministry of Education Xiangtan University Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York at Binghamton

The microstructural features of high-temperature sintered and CaO-MgO-Al_2O_3-SiO_2(CMAS) corroded air plasma sprayed Y_2O_3 stabilized ZrO_2(YSZ) thermal barrier coatings(TBCs) under the thermal gradient condition were comparatively studied. As-sprayed YSZ has a lamellar structure and the lamellae are composed of closely aligned columnar crystals. The sintered and the CMAS corroded YSZ coatings maintain the t'-ZrO_2 phase as the as-sprayed YSZ coating. The sintered YSZ remains the lamellar structure with reduced interlamellar gaps and grains coarsening. After the CMAS corrosion, the top layer of the YSZ coating keeps its lamellar structure consisting of some columnar grains with the CMAS infiltration into the intergrain gaps and the formation of striped Zr_2Y_2 O_7. The typical lamellar structure transforms into more equiaxed grains in the middle and bottom layers of the ceramic coating along with significant infiltration of amorphous CMAS and anorthite formation in the bottom layer owing to the high contents of Ca and Al.

关键词： YSZ thermal barrier coating APS CMAS corrosion Anorthite

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Leveraging Optical Anisotropy of the Morpho Butterfly Wing for Quantitative, Stain-Free, and Contact-Free Assessment of Biological Tissue Microstructures

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Kirya, Paula Mestre-Farrera, Aida Yang, Jing Poulikakos, Lisa V. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Program of Materials Science and Engineering UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Pharmacology Moores Cancer Center UC San Diego 3855 Health Sciences Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States Department of Pediatrics UC San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA92093 United States

Changes in the density and organization of fibrous biological tissues often accompany the progression of serious diseases ranging from fibrosis to neurodegenerative diseases, heart disease and cancer. However, challenges in cost, complexity, or precision faced by existing imaging methodologies pose barriers to elucidating the role of tissue microstructure in disease. Here, we leverage the intrinsic optical anisotropy of the Morpho butterfly wing and introduce Morpho-Enhanced Polarized Light Microscopy (MorE-PoL), a stain- and contact-free imaging platform which enhances and quantifies the birefringent material properties of fibrous biological tissues. We develop a mathematical model, based on Jones calculus, which quantifies fibrous tissue density and organization. As a representative example, we analyze collagen-dense and collagen-sparse human breast cancer tissue sections and leverage our technique to assess the microstructural properties of distinct regions of interest. We compare our results with conventional Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining procedures and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy for fibrillar collagen detection. Our findings demonstrate that our MorE-PoL technique provides a robust, quantitative, and accessible route toward analyzing biological tissue microstructures, with great potential for application to a broad range of biological materials. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Collagen

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Effect of surface steps on chemical ordering in the subsurface of Cu(Au) solid solutions

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Physical Review B 2021年第3期103卷 035401-035401页

作者： Kuo Liu Siming Zhang Dongxiang Wu Langli Luo Xianhu Sun Xiaobo Chen Dmitri Zakharov Shaobo Cheng Yimei Zhu Judith C. Yang Guofeng Wang Guangwen Zhou Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program State University of New York Binghamton New York 13902 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261 USA Center for Functional Nanomaterials Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Department of Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton New York 11973 USA Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 15261 USA

Atomic steps are typically assumed to only influence surface phenomena of solids. In contrast, here we show, using in situ atomic-resolution electron microscopy observations and atomistic modeling, the pronounced effect from surface steps in inducing compositional and structural evolution in the subsurface of a Cu(Au) solid solution. We find that Au surface segregation results in a stacked sequence of Cu-Au ordered phases in the subsurface. The presence of a monatomic step at the surface induces the formation of an antiphase boundary that extends from the surface step to deeper layers by maintaining the same composition profile associated with each terrace. The bunching of surface steps induces chemical disordering of the Cu-Au ordered phases in the subsurface region of the bunched steps. These results demonstrate the instant propagation of surface dynamics of atomic steps into the subsurface region and can find broader applicability in utilizing surface defects to tune the composition and structure in the subsurface of alloys.

关键词： Structural properties Surface & interfacial phenomena Alloys Density functional theory Electron microscopy

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Anomalous properties of spark plasma sintered boron nitride solids

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Biswas, Abhijit Serles, Peter Alvarez, Gustavo A. Schimpf, Jesse Hache, Michel Kong, Jonathan Demingos, Pedro Guerra Yuan, Bo Pieshkov, Tymofii S. Li, Chenxi Puthirath, Anand B. Gao, Bin Gray, Tia Zhang, Xiang Murukeshan, Jishnu Vajtai, Robert Dai, Pengcheng Singh, Chandra Veer Howe, Jane Zou, Yu Martin, Lane W. Clancy, James Patrick Tian, Zhiting Filleter, Tobin Ajayan, Pulickel M. Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering University of Toronto 5 King’s College Road TorontoM5S 3G8 Canada Sibley School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Cornell University IthacaNY14853 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of California Berkeley United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Toronto 184 College St TorontoM5S 3E4 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University HamiltonL8S 4M1 Canada Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory United States

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is brittle, however, its atomic-scale structural engineering can lead to unprecedented physical properties. Here we report the bulk synthesis of high-density crystalline h-BN solids by using high-temperature spark plasma sintering (SPS) of micron size h-BN powders. In addition to the high mechanical strength and ductile response of such materials, we have obtained anomalous values of dielectric constant beyond theoretical limits, high thermal conductivity, and exceptional neutron radiation shielding capability. Through exhaustive characterizations we reveal that SPS induces non-basal plane crystallinity, twisting of layers, and facilitates inter-grain fusion with a high degree of in-plane alignment across macroscale dimensions, resulting in near-theoretical density and anomalous properties. Our findings highlight the importance of material design, via new approaches such as twisting and interconnections between atomically thin layers, to create novel ceramics with properties that could go beyond their intrinsic theoretical predictions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Spark plasma sintering

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Thin curved optics and the Twyman effect

Thin curved optics and the Twyman effect

引用

Optical Fabrication and Testing, OFT 2021 - Part of OSA Optical Design and Fabrication 2021

作者： Lakshmanan, Sanjay N. Lambropoulos, John C. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Materials Science Program University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester RochesterNY14627 United States

We use numerical simulations and analytical techniques to assess the role of local thickness nonuniformity and curvature in the Twyman effect. A flat optic of similar thickness is used as a convenient metric for compa...

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

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