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Endotaxial Polytype engineering: Enhancement of Incommensurate Charge Density Waves in TaS2

Microscopy and microanalysis : the official journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada 2023年第1期29卷 1646-1647页

作者： Sung, Suk Hyun Kezer, Pat Agarwal, Nishkarsh Goh, Yin Min Schnitzer, Noah Baggari, Ismail El Sun, Kai Kourkoutis, Lena F. Heron, John T. Hovden, Robert Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Rowland Institute at Harvard University Cambridge MA United States Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science Ithaca NY United States School of Applied and Engineering Physics Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States

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Emerging semiconductor ionic materials tailored by mixed ionic-electronic conductors for advanced fuel cells

Advanced Powder Materials

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Advanced Powder Materials 2024年第6期3卷 1-25页

作者： Bushra Bibi Atif Nazar Bin Zhu Fan Yang Muhammad Yousaf Rizwan Raza M.A.K.Yousaf Shah Jung-Sik Kim Muhammad Afzal Yongpeng Lei Yifu Jing Peter Lund Sining Yun School of Energy and Environment Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China Department of Physics COMSATS University IslamabadLahore CampusPakistan Sino-French Engineer School/School of General Engineering Beijing UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208-4106USA State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Department of Material Science Shenzhen MSU-BIT UniversityShenzhen 518000China Department of Applied Physics Aalto UniversityOtakaari 2402150 EspooFinland Functional Materials Laboratory(FML) School of Materials Science and EngineeringXi'an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi'an 710055China

Mixed ionic-electronic conductors(MIECs)play a crucial role in the landscape of energy conversion and storage technologies,with a pronounced focus on electrode materials’application in solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs)and proton-conducting ceramic fuel cells(PCFCs).In parallel,the emergence of semiconductor ionic materials(SIMs)has introduced a new paradigm in the field of functional materials,particularly for both electrode and electrolyte development for low-temperature,300–550℃,SOFCs,and *** review article critically delves into the intricate mechanisms underpinning the synergistic relationship between MIECs and SIMs,with a particular emphasis on elucidating the fundamental working principles of semiconductor ionic membrane fuel cells(SIMFCs).By exploring critical facets such as ion-coupled electron transfer/transport,junction effect,energy bands alignment,and theoretical computations,it casts an illuminating spotlight on the transformative potential of MIECs,also involving triple charge conducting oxides(TCOs)in the context of SIMs and advanced fuel cells(FCs).The insights and findings articulated herein contribute substantially to the advancement of SIMs and SIMFCs by tailoring MIECs(TCOs)as promising avenues toward the emergence of high-performance *** scientific quest not only addresses the insistent challenges surrounding efficient charge transfer,ionic transport and power output but also unlocks the profound potential for the widespread commercialization of FC technology.

关键词： MIEC SIM e-i coupling SIMFC TCO Surface and interface Heterostructures

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First-Principles Prediction of Structural Distortions in the Cuprates and Their Impact on the Electronic Structure

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Physical Review X 2024年第4期14卷 041053-041053页

作者： Zheting Jin Sohrab Ismail-Beigi Department of Applied Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Physics Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Yale University New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA

Materials-realistic microscopic theoretical descriptions of copper-based superconductors are challenging due to their complex crystal structures combined with strong electron interactions. Here, we demonstrate how density functional theory can accurately describe key structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the normal state of the prototypical cuprate Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212). We emphasize the importance of accounting for energy-lowering structural distortions, which then allows us to (a) accurately describe the insulating antiferromagnetic (AFM) ground state of the undoped parent compound (in contrast to the metallic state predicted by previous ab initio studies); (b) identify numerous low-energy competing spin and charge stripe orders in the hole-overdoped material nearly degenerate in energy with the AFM ordered state, indicating strong spin fluctuations; (c) predict the lowest-energy hole-doped crystal structure including its long-range structural distortions and oxygen dopant positions that match high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements; and (d) describe electronic bands near the Fermi energy with flat antinodal dispersions and Fermi surfaces that are in agreement with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) measurements and provide a clear explanation for the structural origins of the so-called “shadow bands.” We also show how one must go beyond band theory and include fully dynamic spin fluctuations via a many-body approach when aiming to make quantitative predictions to measure the ARPES spectra in the overdoped material. Finally, regarding spatial inhomogeneity, we show that the local structure at the CuO2 layer, rather than dopant electrostatic effects, modulates the local charge-transfer gaps, local correlation strengths, and by extension the local superconducting gaps.

关键词： Charge order Distortions & defects Fermi surface Magnetic order Cuprates Density functional theory Wannier function methods

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Nonlinear functionals of master equation unravelings

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Keys, Dustin Wehr, Jan Department of Mechanical Engineering University of North Texas United States Department of Mathematics and Program in Applied Mathematics University of Arizona United States

Unravelings provide a probabilistic representation of solutions of master equations and a method of computation of the density operator dynamics. The trajectories generated by unravelings may also be treated as real—as in the stochastic collapse models. While averages of linear functionals of the unraveling trajectories can be calculated from the master equation, the situation is different for nonlinear functionals, thanks to the corrections with nonzero expected values, coming from the Itô formula. Two types of nonlinear functionals are considered here: variance, and entropy. The corrections are calculated explicitly for two types of unravelings, based on Poisson and Wiener processes. In the case of entropy, these corrections are shown to be negative, expressing the localization introduced by the Lindblad operators. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Entropy

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Investigation of tungsten halogen lamp for possible usage as heat source for testing solar collector

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第4期5卷 517-528页

作者： Rapeepong Peamsuwan Pathiwat Waramit Ittipon Worapun Bundit Krittacom Tanakorn Phoo-Ngernkham Ratinun Luampon Department of Applied Physics Faculty of Science and Liberal ArtsRajamangala University of Technology Isan744Suranarai Rd.Nai mueangMueangNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyRajamangala University of Technology Isan744Suranarai Rd.Nai mueangMueangNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering and TechnologyRajamangala University of Technology Isan744Suranarai Rd.Nai mueangMueangNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Development in Technology of Porous Materials Research Laboratory:DiTo-Lab Thailand

Artificial sunlight is a heat source in solar collector testing,where the light intensity and ambient conditions are controlled to provide uniformity in each *** this study,twenty-five tungsten halogen lamps of 300 W 220 V were investigated for possible usage as the heat *** experiment was conducted by varying the height of the lamps to the light field(H_(d)).The EN-12975-2 Standard was used to control the quality of the heat source on the light *** results showed that the average light intensity(I_(avg))decreased with an increase in *** H_(d) was low,the%uniformity values(%u_(xy))met the *** small light field area met the EN-12975-2 Standard better than the large area.A comparison of solar collector testing under a heat source from tungsten halogen lamps and natural sunlight was subsequently performed,and the experimental results were in accordance with the EN-12975-2 Standard.A single-channel flat plate solar collector was used as the test device and air was used as the working *** experimental results revealed that the solar collector thermal efficiency(η_(avg))trends were similar for both the heat source from tungsten halogen lamps and natural sunlight testing.A low%u_(xy) resulted in a𝜂avg that was more similar to that of natural sunlight.

关键词： Solar simulator EN-12975-2 Standard Light intensity Uniformity value Thermal efficiency

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DeepSeeColor: Realtime Adaptive Color Correction for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles via Deep Learning Methods

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Jamieson, Stewart How, Jonathan P. Girdhar, Yogesh The MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering United States Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department

Successful applications of complex vision-based behaviours underwater have lagged behind progress in terrestrial and aerial domains. This is largely due to the degraded image quality resulting from the physical phenomena involved in underwater image formation. Spectrally-selective light attenuation drains some colors from underwater images while backscattering adds others, making it challenging to perform vision-based tasks underwater. State-of-the-art methods for underwater color correction optimize the parameters of image formation models to restore the full spectrum of color to underwater imagery. However, these methods have high computational complexity that is unfavourable for realtime use by autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), as a result of having been primarily designed for offline color correction. Here, we present DeepSeeColor, a novel algorithm that combines a state-of-the-art underwater image formation model with the computational efficiency of deep learning frameworks. In our experiments, we show that DeepSeeColor offers comparable performance to the popular "Sea-Thru" algorithm [1] while being able to rapidly process images at up to 60Hz, thus making it suitable for use onboard AUVs as a preprocessing step to enable more robust vision-based behaviours. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Autonomous underwater vehicles

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Characterization of Fluoride-added Hydroxyapatite Derived from Eggshells for Dental Application 15

Characterization of Fluoride-added Hydroxyapatite Derived fr...

引用

15th Biomedical engineering International Conference, BMEiCON 2023

作者： Uthayaphamornwat, Vilasinee Khantachawana, Anak Kitiwan, Mettaya Srirussamee, Kasama Tunthawiroon, Phacharaphon School of Engineering Department of Biomedical Engineering Bangkok10520 Thailand Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Bangkok10140 Thailand Biological Engineering Program Faculty of Engineering Bangkok10140 Thailand School of Science Department of Physics Bangkok10520 Thailand Devices and Systems for Energy and Environment Research Unit School of Science Bangkok10520 Thailand School of Engineering Department of Industrial Engineering Bangkok10520 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345247

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is one of the potential biomaterials used for treating dental defects. It can be incorporated with fluoride to enhance its anti-caries properties, though other properties could be dependent on processing technique. Hence, this study aims to characterize the influence of sintering on the properties of fluoride-added HA derived from eggshells. FTIR and XRD techniques are used to characterize the chemical and crystal structures of the samples, whilst dissolution test is carried out to characterize material degradation in the acidic environment. The results show that sintering increased the crystallinity in both HA and fluoride-add HA (F-HA) samples, which corresponds with the enhanced stability during the dissolution test. Moreover, it is also found that the addition of fluoride could further stabilize the material structure, though the impurities found in all the samples still need to be minimized. These findings suggest that sintering and fluoride addition could potentially enhance anti-caries properties of eggshell-derived HA, which could be beneficial for dental application in future subject to further process optimization and analysis. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Hydroxyapatite

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Development of a Speed-Limiting Braking Mechanism for Baby Walkers Using a PI Controller 1

Development of a Speed-Limiting Braking Mechanism for Baby W...

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1st International Conference on Smart Mechatronics, ICSMech 2024

作者： Islamiyati, Islamiyati Muhida, Riza Riza, Muhammad Djajadi, Arko Sadiman, Sadiman Wijayanti, Yoga Tri Rijanti, Kusumawardhany Airlangga Morison Panjaitan, Huminsa Ranto Efendi, Dandi Program Studi Kebidanan Metro Poltekkes Kemenkes Tanjung Karang Lampung Indonesia Universitas Bandar Lampung Department of Mechanical Engineering Bandar Lampung Indonesia Universitas Multimedia Nusantara Department of Engineering Physics Banten Tangerang Indonesia Rsud Jendral A. Yani Metro Lampung Indonesia Rsud Sukadana Lampung Timur Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368918

Baby walkers are commonly used to support infants in developing motor skills and walking abilities, yet their uncontrolled movement poses significant safety risks, such as falls and injuries. This study addresses these risks by developing a speed-limiting braking system that prevents baby walkers from exceeding a safe speed limit of 0.3 meters per second, thereby enhancing safety. The system integrates a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller, a speed sensor, and a servo motor-driven braking mechanism. Methodology involved MATLAB simulations to fine-tune controller parameters and physical testing for validation. Results showed the braking mechanism engaged promptly when the speed limit was reached and disengaged when speed decreased, confirming effective regulation without impeding natural infant movements. This study demonstrates a reliable solution to enhance baby walker safety while promoting safe motor development for infants. MATLAB simulations and physical tests confirmed the system's efficiency in real-time speed monitoring and automated braking. The results highlighted rapid response times and seamless braking, providing controlled deceleration without interfering with the infant's natural movements. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： MATLAB

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Dielectrophoretic force characteristics toward Lactobacillus casei on an oblique-patterned electrode 10

Dielectrophoretic force characteristics toward Lactobacillus...

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10th Asian physics Symposium 2023, APS 2023

作者： Khazanna Fitriyani, S. Safitri, R. Lahna, K. Yusibani, E. Irwansyah Iswardy, E. Master Program in Physics Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Dental Materials Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Research Center Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

Dielectrophoresis-based biochips with various microelectrode configurations have been extensively studied within the last five deca des. However, wide-field application is still challenging. This study aims to fabricate an oblique-configuration microelectrode and then utilizes it to determine the dielectrophoretic (DEP) characteristics of Lactobacillus casei based on the generated non-uniform electric field. The electric field distribution on microelectrodes was simulated with Quickfield 6.6 student version. The microelectrodes were fabricated using a copper film on a glass substrate. The DEP characteristic of Lactobacillus casei was investigated by applying a sinusoidal AC signal to microelectrodes in medium solution with an electrical conductivity of 0.05 S/m. The electric-field simulations show that the strongest electric-field was generated on the tip of electrodes spacing, and the weakest electric-field was generated on the inner of electrodes spacing. The negative-DEP force on Lactobacillus casei was observed at the frequency of 60-130 kHz, while the positive-DEP force was observed at the frequency of 380-700 kHz, both at voltage of 2-6 Vpp. The nDEP force led Lactobacillus casei to be pushed toward the weak electric field on the inner of electrodes spacing, and the pDEP force induced Lactobacillus casei to be attracted toward the strong electric-field on the tip of electrodes spacing. This study implies that the proposed oblique-microelectrode platform has promising application for bioparticles separation. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Microelectrodes

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Muon-induced collisional flavor instability in core-collapse supernova

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Physical Review D 2024年第4期110卷 043039页

作者： Jiabao Liu Hiroki Nagakura Ryuichiro Akaho Akira Ito Masamichi Zaizen Shun Furusawa Shoichi Yamada Department of Physics and Applied Physics School of Advanced Science & Engineering Division of Science Faculty of Science and Engineering College of Science and Engineering Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS) RIKEN Wako Saitama 351-0198 Japan Department of Physics School of Advanced Science & Engineering Research Institute for Science and Engineering

Neutrinos are known to undergo flavor conversion among their three flavors. In the theoretical modeling of core-collapse supernova, there has been a great deal of attention to recent discoveries of a new type of neutrino flavor conversions, namely collisional flavor instability (CFI), in which the instability is induced by the flavor-dependent decoherence due to the disparity of neutrino-matter interactions among flavors. In this paper, we study how the appearance of on-shell muons and associated neutrino-matter interactions can impact CFIs based on linear stability analysis of flavor conversions. Some striking results emerge from the present study. First, we analytically show that breaking beta and pair equilibrium is a necessary condition to trigger CFIs. This also indicates that CFIs with on-shell muons could appear in eτ and μτ neutrino mixing sectors in very high-density region (≳1013 g/cm3), exhibiting a possibility of large impacts of CFIs on core-collapse supernova. Second, resonancelike CFIs, having a much higher growth rate than normal CFIs, can be triggered by muons. The resonance point of CFIs is different between eτ and μτ sectors; the former (latter) occurs at μe(μ)=μn−μp, where μi denotes the chemical potential of i constitute (n and p represent neutrons and protons, respectively). Our result suggests that the nonlinear evolution of CFI with on-shell muons would induce flavor conversions with the complex interplay among all three different neutrino-mixing sectors.

关键词： Neutrino mixing Neutrino oscillations Novae & supernovae Neutrinos

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