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Imaging atomic-scale chemistry from fused multi-modal electron microscopy

npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 164-171页

作者： Jonathan Schwartz Zichao Wendy Di Yi Jiang Alyssa J.Fielitz Don-Hyung Ha Sanjaya D.Perera Ismail El Baggari Richard D.Robinson Jeffrey A.Fessler Colin Ophus Steve Rozeveld Robert Hovden Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Mathematics and Computer Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Advanced Photon Source Facility Argonne National LaboratoryLemontILUSA Dow Chemical Co. MidlandMIUSA Department of Material Science and Engineering Cornell UniversityIthacaNew YorkUSA School of Integrative Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Department of Physics Cornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA The Rowland Institute at Harvard CambridgeMAUSA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA National Center for Electron Microscopy Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryMolecular FoundryBerkeleyCAUSA Applied Physics Program University of MIchiganAnn ArborMIUnited States

Efforts to map atomic-scale chemistry at low doses with minimal noise using electron microscopes are fundamentally limited by inelastic ***,fused multi-modal electron microscopy offers high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)recovery of material chemistry at nano-and atomic-resolution by coupling correlated information encoded within both elastic scattering(high-angle annular dark-field(HAADF))and inelastic spectroscopic signals(electron energy loss(EELS)or energy-dispersive x-ray(EDX)).By linking these simultaneously acquired signals,or modalities,the chemical distribution within nanomaterials can be imaged at significantly lower doses with existing detector *** many cases,the dose requirements can be reduced by over one order of *** high SNR recovery of chemistry is tested against simulated and experimental atomic resolution data of heterogeneous nanomaterials.

关键词： materials chemistry fused

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The Advent of Wide Bandgap Green-Synthesized Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide Nanoparticles for Applications in Optical and Electronic Devices

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical engineering 2023年第3期11卷 22-33页

作者： Opeyemi S. Akanbi Haruna A. Usman Gbemi F. Abass Kehinde E. Oni Akinsanmi S. Ige Bola P. Odunaro Idowu J. Ojo Julius A. Oladejo Halimat O. Ajani Adnan Musa Joshua Ajao Department of Pure and Applied Physics Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomosho Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Jigawa State Polytechnic Dutse Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China Department of Mechanical Engineering Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Colorado Boulder Boulder USA Department of Chemical Engineering Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Ogbomoso Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria Department of Biotechnology and Genetics Russian State Agrarian University Moscow Russia

Power-electronic devices are widely used in various applications, such as voltage and frequency control for transmitting and converting electric power. As these devices are becoming increasingly important, there is a need to reduce their losses and improve their performance to reduce electric power consumption. Current power semiconductor devices, such as inverters, are made of silicon (Si), but the performance of these Si power devices is reaching its limit due to physical properties and energy bandgap. To address this issue, recent developments in wide bandgap (WBG) semiconductor materials, such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN), offer the potential for a new generation of power semiconductor devices that can perform significantly better than silicon-based devices. In this research, a green synthesized copper-zinc-tin-sulfide (CZTS) nanoparticle is proposed as a new WBG semiconductor material that could be used for optical and electronic devices. Its synthesis, consisting of the production methods and materials used, is discussed. The characterization is also discussed, and further research is recommended in the later sections to enable the continual advancement of this technology.

关键词： Wide Bandgap Semiconductor Semiconductor Electronic Device Power Device Optical Device CZTS

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Thermal metasurface with tunable narrowband absorption from a hybrid graphene/silicon photonic crystal resonance

Thermal metasurface with tunable narrowband absorption from ...

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作者： Nagpal, Arun Zhou, Ming Ilic, Ognjen Yu, Zongfu Atwater, Harry A. Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics California Institute of Technology 1200 E. California Avenue PasadenaCA91125 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University 450 Serra Mall StanfordCA94305 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Minnesota 111 Church Street SE MinneapolisMN55455 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Wisconsin 1415 Engineering Drive MadisonWI53706 United States

We report the design of a tunable, narrowband, thermal metasurface that employs a hybrid resonance generated by coupling a tunable permittivity graphene ribbon to a silicon photonic crystal. The gated graphene ribbon array, proximitized to a high quality factor Si photonic crystal supporting a guided mode resonance, exhibits tunable narrowband absorbance lineshapes (Q > 10,000). Actively tuned Fermi level modulation in graphene with applied gate voltage between high absorptivity and low absorptivity states gives rise to absorbance on/off ratios exceeding 60. We employ coupled-mode theory as a computationally efficient approach to elements of the metasurface design, demonstrating an orders of magnitude speedup over typical finite element computational methods. © 2023 Optica Publishing Group.

关键词： Absorbance

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Quantum transport transition from quantum interference to Coulomb blockade in suspended CVD graphene nanoribbons with reduced ribbon widths

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Physical Review Materials 2025年第4期9卷 044001-044001页

作者： Jyun-Hong Chen Yann-Wen Lan Lain-Jong Li Chiashain Chuang Chii-Dong Chen Yuan-Liang Zhong Department of Physics and Quantum Information Center Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan 320 Taiwan National Applied Research Laboratories National Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute Hsinchu 30078 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei 11677 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Department of Electronic Engineering and Research Center for Semiconductor Materials and Advanced Optics Chung Yuan Christian University Taoyuan 320 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan

Quantum transport in graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) is essential for advancing electronic and quantum device applications. In particular, the Coulomb blockade effect in GNR-based devices holds promise for quantum computing, single-electron transistors, and highly sensitive charge detectors. To investigate electron transport characteristics at the nanoscale, we synthesized and tailored suspended CVD graphene nanoribbons with widths ranging from 705 nm to 50 nm and lengths of approximately 150 nm. While bottom-up synthesis offers precise control over edge structure, tailoring graphene into narrower strips significantly enhances edge disorder and quantum confinement effects. Our study focuses on fabricated GNRs with sub-100 nm widths to explore quantum interference-induced localization and Coulomb blockade phenomena. We observe a transition in transport behavior from magnetoresistance fluctuations associated with quantum interference effects—such as weak localization and universal conductance fluctuations (UCF)—to single-electron transport, characterized by Coulomb blockade effects. Notably, Coulomb blockade behavior is particularly evident in narrow nanoribbons (50 nm width), as seen in diamondlike structures in source-drain voltage versus back-gate voltage characteristics. The phase coherence length, extracted using weak localization theory, varies from 60 nm to 220 nm as the ribbon width is reduced from 700 nm to 50 nm at 2 K. Importantly, our findings indicate that nanoscale GNRs exhibit Coulomb blockade behavior due to enhanced ribbon disorder and edge roughness. These results provide valuable insights into quantum transport mechanisms in graphene nanoribbons and offer significant advantages for the design and application of graphene-based electronic and quantum devices.

关键词： Single electron transistors

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Enhanced Stability and 1/F Noise Spectroscopy of the Fto/C-Tio2/M-Tio2/Ch3nh3pbi3/Au Perovskite Solar Cell: Fabrication and Characterization

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Mishra, Amrit Kumar Mishra, Vijay Kumar Shukla, Rajesh Kumar Department of Physics University of Lucknow U.P. Lucknow226007 India Department of Physics Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities GLA University Mathura281406 India Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kandi Telangana Hyderabad502285 India

The present investigation reports the fabrication of FTO/C-TiO2/M-TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/Spiro-MeOTAD/Au perovskite solar cell. It is noticed that the degraded perovskite is recoverable at a high value of humidity under the dark condition. After 15% RH flow of N2 flushes present O2 and H2O molecules into the heterojunction of the SpiroMeOTAD/perovskite interface layer due to this SpiroMeOTAD/perovskite interface layer becomes recoverable quickly and enhances the current density of the device. The perovskite material is found to have temperature-dependent stability. At 300K, the efficiency of the perovskite solar cell was noticed 18.42 % with FF 83.02%, Jsc = 35.762402, and Voc = 0.6205. The perovskite creates various trap states under high humidity, which lowered the photocurrent and the he material was stable enough under the low humidity. The 1/f noise measurement is crucial for understanding perovskite layer defect states. High humidity resulted in low noise from perovskite solar cells while low humidity resulted in high noise. Humidity, temperature, UV light, and white light defects are explained by 1/f noise shifting spectra and I-V characteristics under white light illumination and in the dark. So, we can sandwich perovskite with Si which enhanced the stability of the device for industry level fabrications. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Perovskite

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Perseus AUV: Towards Linear Convoying of Agile A-Sized AUVs Through Acoustic Track-and-Trail

Perseus AUV: Towards Linear Convoying of Agile A-Sized AUVs ...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Nicholas R. Rypkema Supun Randeni Michael Sacarny Michael Benjamin Michael Triantafyllou Applied Ocean Physics & Engineering Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) Woods Hole MA USA Mechanical Engineering Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge MA USA

We present the Perseus autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) - an A-sized a a A-size stands for the standard sonobuoy [2] form factor, with a maximum diameter of 124 mm and a length of around 0.9 m, ensuring the ability to launch from standard sonobuoy launchers onboard a wide array of fixed wing and rotary wing air crafts, surface ships and submarines [3] micro AUV, outfitted with a low-cost passive inverted ultra-short baseline (piUSBL) acoustic reception system, which allows it to acoustically track-and-trail a leader vehicle that carries an acoustic transmission source. With a long-term goal of linear convoying of multiple A-sized AUVs, in this work, we used an unmanned surface vehicle (USV) towing an acoustic source, as a proxy for a lead AUV, demonstrating that the Perseus AUV is able to successfully track-and-trail a leader vehicle. The AUV was also outfitted with a tuna-inspired morphing fin mechanism that allowed the vehicle to achieve good directional stability as well as good maneuverability; properties that are useful for linear convoying AUVs, but are presently difficult to achieve because they impose contradictory requirements. We demonstrated this system with real-world, in-water experiments in the Charles river, Massachusetts, USA.

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Correction: Delineation of mineralization-related geologic structures and lithological units using airborne magnetic and radiometric data

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Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources 2025年第1期11卷 1-2页

作者： Ordóñez, Christian Ekwok, Stephen Eguba Alkhayaat, Ahmad Bains, Pardeep Singh Sharma, Rohit Kumar, Raman Kulshreshta, Ankur Mann, Vikasdeep Singh Elmasry, Yasser Sede Morona Santiago Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH) Riobamba Ecuador Applied Geophysics Unit Department of Physics University of Calabar Calabar Nigeria Department of Computers Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University Najaf Iraq Department of Computers Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah Al Diwaniyah Iraq Department of Computers Techniques Engineering College of Technical Engineering The Islamic University of Babylon Babylon Iraq Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Technology Jain (Deemed-to-Be) University Bengaluru India Department of Mechanical Engineering Vivekananda Global University Jaipur India School of Engineering and Technology Shobhit University Gangoh India Department of Mechanical Engineering Arka Jain University Jamshedpur India School of Mechanical Engineering Rayat Bahra University Kharar India Faculty of Engineering Sohar University Sohar Oman Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering NIMS University Jaipur India Department of Mechanical Engineering Chandigarh Engineering College Chandigarh Group of Colleges Jhanjeri Mohali India Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science King Khalid University Abha Saudi Arabia

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Enhancing Transport Barriers with Swimming Microorganisms in Chaotic Flows

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ran, Ranjiangshang Arratia, Paulo E. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States Department of Physics Emory University AtlantaGA30322 United States

We investigate the effects of bacterial activity on the mixing and transport properties of a passive scalar in time-periodic flows in experiments and in a simple model. We focus on the interactions between swimming E. coli and the Lagrangian Coherent Structures (LCSs) of the flow, which are computed from experimentally measured velocity fields. Experiments show that such interactions are non-trivial and can lead to transport barriers through which the scalar flux is significantly reduced. Using the Poincaré map, we show that these transport barriers coincide with the outermost members of elliptic LCSs known as Lagrangian vortex boundaries. Numerical simulations further show that elliptic LCSs can repel elongated swimmers and lead to swimmer depletion within Lagrangian coherent vortices. A simple mechanism shows that such depletion is due to the preferential alignment of elongated swimmers with the tangents of elliptic LCSs. Our results provide insights into understanding the transport of microorganisms in complex flows with dynamical topological features from a Lagrangian viewpoint. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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Novel Circuit Design for a 3D Position Sensitive Scintillation TOF-PET Detector that Achieves ~100 ps CTR

Novel Circuit Design for a 3D Position Sensitive Scintillati...

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2022 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference, and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference, IEEE NSS MIC RTSD 2022

作者： Pourashraf, Shirin Zhao, Zhixiang Innes, Derek Gonzalez-Montoro, Andrea Cates, Joshua W. Levin, Craig S. Stanford University Department of Radiology StanfordCA94305 United States Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Applied Nuclear Physics Program BerkeleyCA94720 United States Stanford University Molecular Imaging Program Departments of Radiology Bioengineering Physics and Electrical Engineering StanfordCA94305 United States The School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488723

We have built a scalable mixed-signal readout circuit for a 3D position sensitive PET detector that achieves ~100 ps FWHM CTR. For this work we used individual 3×3×3 mm3 and 3×3×10 mm3 LGSO crystals, as well as 2×4 arrays of 3×3×10 mm3 crystals side-coupled to arrays of 3.16×3.16 mm2 SiPMs. The preliminary results verify that the CPLD is able to resolve 3D interaction positions along the array with © 2022 IEEE.

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Opening long-time investigation window of living matter by nonbleaching phase intensity nanoscope: PINE

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Cui, Guangjie Liu, Yunbo Zu, Di Zhao, Xintao Zhang, Zhijia Kim, Do Young Senaratne, Pramith Fox, Aaron Sept, David Park, Younggeun Lee, Somin Eunice Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Applied Physics Biointerfaces Institute Macromolecular Science & Engineering University of Michigan United States Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan United States Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan United States

Fundamental to all living organisms and living soft matter are emergent processes in which the reorganization of individual constituents at the nanoscale drives group-level movements and shape changes at the macroscale over time. However, light-induced degradation of fluorophores, photobleaching, is a significant problem in extended live cell imaging in life science, and excellent prior arts of STED, MINSTED, or MINFLUX intentionally apply photobleaching optics for super-resolution, yet lack extended live-cell imaging capability as fluorophores reach an irreversible photobleaching limit. Here, we report an innovative way of opening a long-time investigation window of living matter by a nonbleaching phase intensity nanoscope: PINE. We accomplish phase-intensity separation to obtain phase differences between electric field components, such that nanoprobes within a diffraction limited region are distinguished from one another by an integrated phase-intensity multilayer thin film (polyvinyl alcohol/liquid crystal). We obtain distributional patterns of precisely localized nanoprobes to overcome a physical limit to resolve sub-10 nm cellular architectures, and achieve the first dynamic imaging of nanoscopic reorganization over 250 hours using nonbleaching PINE. Since PINE allows a long-time investigation window, we discover nanoscopic rearrangements synchronized with the emergence of group-level movements and shape changes at the macroscale according to a set of interaction rules. We believe that PINE and its application presented here provide a mechanistic understanding of emergent dynamics important in cellular and soft matter reorganization, self-organization, and pattern formation. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fluorophores

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